How to prevent blackout?

1. Experts suggest that the power infrastructure should be updated in time, otherwise power outages like this may occur frequently.

2. Take anti-freezing, rain-proof, lightning-proof, snow-proof, high-temperature prevention and other measures for transmission lines and high-voltage and low-voltage equipment to ensure safe and reliable power supply.

3. Make sufficient understanding and judgment on the scope and severity of small-scale power outage and power outage accidents, speed up the response speed and emergency repair efforts, and prevent the power outage from further expanding.

4. Improve the power supply system of the power supplier, reasonably deal with the peak of electricity consumption, and take reasonable measures to limit electricity.

5. Improve the protection of high-voltage transmission lines, and prohibit construction near high-voltage transmission lines, especially EHV main transmission lines.

6. Increase the standby power supply of the power plant and try not to use a single power supply.

Example:

In 2006, power outages occurred frequently all over the world, which had a great impact on the social and economic development of the incident area and also sounded the alarm for China's power supply safety.

1.In 2006, power outages occurred frequently all over the world.

(1) On May 25th, there was a power outage in Moscow, Russia.

On the morning of May 25th, a large-scale power outage occurred in the southern, southwestern and southeastern urban areas and suburbs of Moscow, which also affected the power supply in Tula and Kaluga, 200 kilometers away from Moscow, and adversely affected the city's industrial production, commercial activities and transportation. Trams and some subway lines in the power outage area stopped, and mobile communication signals were affected, and many shopping malls were forced to stop business.

The Information Office of the Russian Energy Systems Company released a message saying that the power supply interruption in Moscow was caused by the accident of the Chadino substation of Moscow Electric Power Company. A power distribution equipment in this substation was short-circuited, and then there were many fire and explosion accidents. In order to avoid the overload operation of the power grid and cause greater danger, the safety device automatically starts and cuts off the low-voltage line. Russian experts believe that the blackout in Moscow that day was related to the aging of the Russian power system. Experts suggest updating the power infrastructure in time, otherwise power outages like this may occur frequently.

(2) On July 17, there was a power outage in new york, USA.

The power outage first occurred on the evening of July 17, which affected some residential quarters in Queens, eastern new york, and also caused power outages in two terminals of a nearby airport. After the power outage, hundreds of enterprises in the affected areas have been in a state of suspension, and the prison group in Rikers Island, new york has to use its own generators. The elevators in some buildings can't be used, and the signal lights in some sections are also suspended. This was the worst power outage in new york's history, and the power supply was not fully restored until August 18.

According to the analysis of relevant experts, the blackout is mainly caused by the following factors. One is the weather. During that time, there was a constant rainstorm in new york, and the rainstorm and high temperature may directly lead to power failure, which also brought great inconvenience to the emergency repair of the line. The second is the power grid. Of the 22 main power supply cables that transmit power to Queens, 10 failed at the same time, and all the loads were concentrated on the remaining 12 cables, which caused the lines to be cut off because they were overwhelmed. The third is human factors. Lack of sufficient understanding of the scope and severity of the accident made the relevant authorities' response speed and emergency repair efforts insufficient, which led to further expansion of the situation. The fourth is institutional reasons. In terms of power grid regulation, China can ensure the daily power demand of important departments, units and the people according to the principle of "shifting the peak first, then avoiding the peak, then limiting the power, and finally turning on the switch", while in the United States, the operation is completely market-oriented, and the power supply and demand strictly abide by the contract. Under this system, even if the power load increases greatly, the American power grid will bear it and be prone to accidents.

(3) On August 14, there was a power outage in Tokyo, Japan.

14 In the morning of August, a big power outage hit Tokyo and its surrounding areas, causing power outages for 139. 1000 users in Tokyo, Chiba and Kanagawa, causing hundreds of traffic lights to be "blind", and the cobweb-like subway and tram in Tokyo stopped, and the public transportation system was almost paralyzed. Many of them.

According to Japanese media reports, the power outage was caused by a crane ship of a construction company. The crane boom of the ship hit the "Jiangdong Line" of the river-crossing transmission line during the operation. The power outage accident has aroused widespread concern in Japan. The damaged "Jiangdong Line" is a 275 kV trunk transmission line with six transmission lines, which is responsible for transmitting electricity from several power points (thermal power stations) in Chiba Prefecture to the capital. At the time of the incident, the "Jiangdong Line" was transmitting 15 1 10,000 kilowatts of electricity. Upstream of the transmission corridor is Xinjingye Substation. Due to the damage of transmission lines, it is impossible to send electricity to the five substations downstream of the system, such as Jianan, resulting in the power failure of all the 1, 396,5438+0,000 users in these five substations.

(4) On September 24th, Pakistan lost power.

On September 24th, there was a power outage in Pakistan. More than 70% of the country's residents are affected by power outages, and millions of people have no electricity available. Karachi, Pakistan's largest city and economic center, was most affected by the power outage. This is the worst power outage in Pakistan in the past five years.

The power failure is due to a power grid failure. Pakistan Water Conservancy and Electric Power Development Bureau cut off 600,000 kilowatts of electricity that should have been delivered to Karachi. Karachi Power Supply Company can produce 6.5438+0.4 million kilowatts of electricity, but it can't make up for the gap of 600,000 kilowatts. Therefore, most parts of the city had to be blacked out for four hours to control electricity consumption.

(5)165438+1On October 4th, Europe was blacked out.

165438+1On the evening of October 4th, many countries in western Europe suffered a blackout, affecting about100000 people. This is the worst power outage in France in 30 years, and the power supply of about 5 million French people was cut off. Except in the southeast, the national power supply was almost completely interrupted. In Germany, the power outage affected at least 6,543,800 people, and the famous Ruhr-gebiet was not spared. The power outage also affected Piedmont, Liguria in the northwest of Italy and Puglia in the southeast. In addition, power outages occurred in cities such as Antwerp, Belgium 1 1, and in Madrid, Barcelona and Zaragoza, Spain.

The direct cause of this blackout is that Germany cut off two high-voltage lines in order to let a ship leave the factory, which led to the overload of power output in the eastern part of the European power grid and the serious shortage of power input in the western part, which triggered a chain reaction in the European power grid.

Europe is currently using a unified power supply network, and problems in any link may have a large-scale impact on many countries. In the cold and hot summer, many western European countries have the problem of insufficient power supply. The blackout in Europe exposed the defects of power supply in Europe. Many European officials called on countries to strengthen energy cooperation, formulate unified power policies, establish power supply management institutions and increase investment in power construction.

Second, the enlightenment of power failure accident

2006 is a year of frequent blackouts abroad. We should carefully analyze the cause and effect of these incidents, fully absorb the experience and lessons of foreign blackouts, and prevent similar incidents from happening in China's large power grid. These blackouts in 2006 sounded the alarm for us, and also caused us to think about power grid safety.

(1) Power grid construction should be planned rationally and advanced moderately.

Whether the power grid structure is reasonable, whether the operation is safe and reliable, whether the dispatching is flexible and whether it can meet the needs of the development of the power market is based on the power grid planning. Therefore, we must emphasize unified planning and scientific planning. This is not only the successful experience of our country for many years, but also the profound lessons and enlightenment of large-scale power outages in these countries. Only by giving full play to and relying on the leading role of the government in power planning and power grid construction can the pace of power grid construction be accelerated.

(B) adhere to the unified scheduling

Unified dispatching is particularly important in ensuring the safe and stable operation of power grid. The primary task of power grid dispatching should be to coordinate the relationship between power generation, transmission, distribution and users, ensure the safe and stable operation of power grid and ensure the reliable power supply to users. Power users should actively participate in demand side management, reasonably stagger and avoid peaks, and relieve the pressure on power grid. The government should play a leading role in guiding users to obey power grid dispatching. Power grid dispatching institutions at all levels should strictly implement the Regulations on Power Grid Dispatching Management and the Guidelines for Power System Safety and Stability, and strengthen the construction of "three lines of defense".

(C) improve the power grid security measures

We should develop and popularize the real-time online quick disconnection device as soon as possible, further improve the technical means of power grid safety, and disconnect the fault points at the initial stage of system instability to ensure system stability. If conditions permit, we should speed up the popularization and application of FACTS technology, adopt advanced reactive power compensation method (STATCOM) and speed up its localization, so as to realize flexible control of AC transmission power flow and greatly improve the stability level of power system.

(4) Establish an emergency handling mechanism for accidents.

It is necessary to give the power grid the power to control load and deal with accidents urgently to prevent accidents from happening, spreading and expanding. According to the emergency handling mechanism, system and rules, dispatchers and operators should be authorized to handle emergencies without losing time. In an emergency, the power grid should have enough power to control the load, and even sacrifice the local power grid to ensure the safety of the whole network when necessary.