Please write a paper on "Resource-Saving Society", 600~800 words, thank you

With the arrival of a new round of rapid economic growth, some developed areas in the east are experiencing shortages of energy and raw materials, which provides a rare opportunity for the development of resource-based industries in the west. While accelerating development, how to maintain the mutual coordination between the economy, the environment, and resources, realize the harmonious coexistence of man and nature, and embark on the development path of production development, prosperity, and good ecology are topics that we must take seriously and study. As an important breakthrough in economic development theory, circular economy overcomes the shortcomings of traditional economic theory that separates the economic and environmental systems. It requires the use of natural resources and environmental capacity in an environmentally friendly way to realize the ecological transformation of economic activities, which provides us with A new economic development model. 1. Developing a circular economy is an inevitable choice to achieve sustainable development. The circular economy is a practical model for the international community to promote sustainable development. It emphasizes the most effective use of resources and environmental protection. It focuses on resource investment, enterprise production, product consumption and other aspects. In the entire process of waste disposal, ecological laws are used to reconstruct the economic system, integrating clean production, comprehensive utilization of resources and waste, ecological design and sustainable consumption, so that the economic system can be harmoniously integrated into the material cycle of the natural ecosystem. , transform the traditional open-loop economy of "resources-products-waste emissions" into a closed-loop economy of "resources-products-waste-renewable resources", realize the ecologicalization of economic activities, and achieve "pollution-free production and consumption" "Emission minimization, waste recycling and harmlessness" to obtain maximum economic and environmental benefits at the minimum cost, thereby achieving coordinated and sustainable development of economic growth and social progress. The history of industrialization in developed countries and the development process of our country have both seen serious environmental problems caused by mass production, consumption, and waste. Jiuquan’s Gobi Desert accounts for 70% of its area. The per capita water resources are less than 2/3 of the national average and 1/6 of the world average. The forest coverage rate is only 1.4%, which is far lower than the national and provincial averages. The ecological environment Fragile and weak in self-purification ability. However, for a long time, due to factors such as mineral resource exploitation, excessive reclamation, immigration development, overgrazing, and overexploitation of groundwater, land desertification, river depletion, and wetland reduction have caused serious damage to natural ecological vegetation, especially industrial "three wastes" and The discharge of urban domestic wastewater and garbage has caused rivers, reservoirs and air pollution, which has affected the sustainable development of the economy and society. Although the ecological environment has improved during the implementation of the Western Development Strategy and the total amount of pollution emissions has decreased year by year, economic growth mainly relies on investment and the resource utilization rate is low, showing obvious high investment, high consumption, low quality, and low efficiency. Extensive characteristics still put great pressure on the ecological environment. If we continue to follow the traditional economic development path, use the "three highs" (high consumption, high energy consumption, high pollution) extensive model to maintain economic growth, and use end-of-pipe treatment as a means of environmental protection, it will accelerate the depletion of limited resources and further worsen the environmental situation. The deterioration of resource stocks and environmental carrying capacity will severely restrict economic and social development. It is urgent to protect the natural resources on which we depend, accelerate the construction of a resource-saving society, promote economic development and rebuild the ecological environment. Therefore, the traditional development model must be changed to develop a circular economy to ensure that water, land and mineral resources continue to support economic development. 2. Developing circular economy is an important strategy for transforming the mode of economic growth. Our city is rich in mineral resources, has superior light and heat conditions for agricultural production, and has a good material foundation and comparative advantage for economic development. After years of development, the mineral resource mining and agricultural product processing industries have begun to take shape and have become pillar industries of the local economy. However, the level of resource development and utilization is not high, the industrial level is low, and the product chain is short. The agricultural product processing industry is still in the primary product stage. The development and utilization of mineral resources basically remains at the mining and selection level. The value-added rate of agricultural product processing conversion is only 25%, which is equivalent to the national level. 1/2 of the average level, the processing industry accounts for only 11.8% of heavy industry, 29.3 percentage points lower than the national level. It is a typical raw material-based production, with problems such as large resource consumption, low output efficiency, and serious waste. According to relevant data, my country's energy consumption per unit output value is 2.3 times the world average. The unit energy consumption of major energy-consuming products is 40% higher than the advanced foreign level. Industrial product energy and raw material consumption account for about 75% of enterprise production costs. Restricted by factors such as low levels of technical equipment and marginalization of industries, the city's high consumption of energy and raw materials has become more prominent. This extensive economic growth model is not conducive to the harmonious development of man and nature, and is not conducive to the sustainable development and utilization of resources. At present, our city's economic development is in its initial stage and a critical period for undertaking the gradient transfer of industries. Compared with the developed areas in the east, the cost of establishing an environmental economic system is lower. We can give full play to our latecomer advantages and plan and build ecological systems in accordance with ecological principles. Industrial chains and ecological industrial parks realize the sustainable utilization of resources and transform economic development from quantitative growth to quality growth. At the same time, developing a circular economy is also a major strategic measure to lengthen the processing chain of mineral products and agricultural products, upgrade the industrial structure, increase employment opportunities, and realize the transformation from the output of primary raw materials to highly processed products. 3. Developing a circular economy is an objective requirement for improving industrial competitiveness. Practice has proven that low resource utilization levels and the economic cost of pollution emissions have become important obstacles for enterprises to reduce production costs, improve economic benefits and market competitiveness.

The circular economy development theory and its model based on ecology provide the possibility for enterprises to improve resource utilization efficiency and minimize environmental damage payments. Especially with the establishment and promotion of green GDP theory, the pace of relying on circular economy to improve efficiency levels has accelerated significantly, and has become the mainstream model of economic activities in developed countries. Germany is a pioneer country in the development of circular economy. It formulated the Waste Disposal Law as early as 1972. The current annual output value of waste utilization is 40 billion euros and employs 240,000 people. The United States formulated a series of energy policies aimed at recycling in the 1970s, and the environmental protection industry reached US$100 billion in 2000. In response to the increasingly scarce supply of energy and raw materials and rising prices in the international market, Japan is resource-scarce. In 2000, the "Environmental Protection Congress" proposed the development of environmental protection industries and a circular economic system as an important part of improving Japan's economic structure and enhancing industrial competitiveness. , accounting for nearly 2/3 of the world's $600 billion environmental protection industry market in 2000. Countries such as the European Union, Australia, and Canada have also formulated national waste management regulations in accordance with the principles of closed-circuit recycling of resources and avoiding waste generation. Judging from my country's practice, since the promulgation and implementation of the "Cleaner Production Promotion Law" in 2002, 10 ecological industrial parks such as Guigang have been established based on the organizational production method based on ecological principles, so that the "waste" of upstream enterprises has become the waste of downstream enterprises. raw materials, effectively controlling and reducing pollution emissions. From our city's perspective, we have also achieved certain results in the development of clean production, circular economy and environmental protection industries in recent years. For example, Aksai County, China University of Mining and Technology Beijing Campus and Southwest University of Science and Technology jointly developed the water-selected modified fiber from asbestos mining and waste tailings to the extraction of ultra-fine silica, magnesium hydroxide, iron hydroxide, and alkali. Magnesium carbonate whiskers, ammonium sulfate and other chemical products are processed into lightweight building materials, so that the by-products and wastes from the upstream production process become raw materials for downstream products, forming a relatively complete closed-loop ecological industry chain. Asbestos The tailings utilization rate is close to 100%, and its products are in short supply and have broad market prospects. Green energy projects such as Yumen Wind Power and Jugan Gas have been completed and have produced good economic benefits. Yumen Oilfield oil production wastewater recycling, heating waste heat power generation and fly ash new building materials at Yumen Thermal Power Plant, waste heat power generation from the sulfuric acid production line of Hexi Chemical Plant, and the Dunhuang plastic recycling pellet project under construction, etc., clean production, through the recycling of energy and waste Utilization reduces pollutant emissions and achieves better social, economic and environmental benefits. Judging from the development trend of economic globalization, the role of tariff barriers is increasingly weakened, and the role of "green barriers" in international trade has become increasingly prominent. Enterprises are facing more intense market competition and the impact of environmental factors. Some developed countries not only require end products to meet environmental protection requirements , and stipulates that all aspects from product research, development, production to packaging, transportation, use, recycling, etc. must comply with environmental protection requirements. Therefore, only by vigorously developing the circular economy and promoting cleaner production can product production comply with international standards in terms of resources, environmental protection, etc., break through "green barriers", and expand foreign trade; can the contradiction between economic development, ecological construction and environmental protection be alleviated ; Only in this way can we realize the transformation of economic growth mode, improve economic efficiency and enhance market competitiveness. 4. The development of circular economy must be guided by scientific industrial policies. Circular economy is the product of human beings re-understanding nature, respecting objective laws, and exploring economic laws under the severe situation of rapid global population increase, resource shortage, environmental pollution and ecological transformation. Developing a circular economy requires building a new outlook on development, systems, values, production and consumption. It must be driven by the government and establish a circular economy concept of continuous recycling of resources at all levels of social and economic life. For Jiuquan, which has a large proportion of resource-based industries, weak environmental carrying capacity, and underdeveloped economy, the task of transforming the economic growth model, improving resource utilization efficiency, and coordinating the harmonious development of man and nature is even more arduous and urgent. We must be guided by the scientific outlook on development, with the goal of building a resource-saving society and reducing waste emissions, with optimizing resource utilization as the core, with technological innovation and institutional innovation as the driving force, making overall plans, adapting measures to local conditions, highlighting key points, and comprehensively advancing Clean production, vigorously advocate green consumption, take practical and effective measures, mobilize all forces, and accelerate the construction of a sustainable resource-saving society. At present, we should focus on five aspects: 1. Accelerate the research and formulation of circular economy development strategies. We should strengthen the research on relevant theories and practical models, raise the awareness of governments at all levels and relevant decision-making departments on the importance of developing circular economy, hire experts and scholars to study and formulate the city's circular economy development plan, and carry out projects based on Jiuquan High-tech Industrial Park and Yumen East Town. Demonstration of industrial ecological layout focusing on Jianhua Industrial Park, Yumen Electric Metallurgical Industrial Park, Aksai Asbestos Industrial Park and Liuyuan Mineral Products Processing and Trade Park, and re-examining the industrial positioning, environmental protection access and settlement of each industrial park Whether the enterprise has industrial relevance, whether it can form an industrial production organization that shares resources, whether the waste in the upstream production link can become raw materials and energy for the downstream production link, and develop an ecological industry chain development plan for the industrial park, Gather enterprises and projects with complementary supporting functions to promote the formation of ecological industrial chains or industrial clusters.

Actively strive to win pilot cities for circular economy, innovate planning and design concepts, and in formulating the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" and long-term development plans, give priority to the development of clean production technologies in accordance with the principles of "reduce, reuse, and recycle" major industrial projects and projects that transform terminal treatment into source prevention, and plan to build several ecological industrial chains, ecological industrial parks and circular economic circles. In rural areas, we should focus on the development of green food and organic food bases, vigorously promote industrial layout, standardized production and large-scale operations, and promote the development of a group of agricultural ecology that integrates planting, breeding, and energy (bioenergy, straw gasification, etc.) industrial park. 2. Explore and establish an institutional guarantee system. Apply the guiding role of national macro-industry policies to study and formulate institutional mechanisms and policy environments that are conducive to promoting the development of circular economy, and establish and improve local regulations and normative documents for resource conservation and environmental protection as soon as possible. Environmental protection should be regarded as the goal of economic and social development, and the environmental protection access system, clean production system, waste recycling system, etc. for projects settled in industrial parks should be formulated and improved in accordance with ecological principles, and the development of leading industries and the cultivation of industrial clusters should be incorporated into the ecology In the industrial chain, encourage and support projects that can connect upstream and downstream industries and comprehensive utilization of resources. Projects that do not conform to the industrial development plan of the park must be resolutely rejected to prevent a "hodgepodge" of enterprises settled in the park. Combined with the reform of the investment system, we will improve preferential policies for comprehensive utilization of resources, and provide strong support to clean production technology and circular economy pilot parks from the aspects of finance, taxation, finance, investment, environmental protection, technology, etc. We must adhere to the combination of incentives and restrictions, strengthen law enforcement supervision, and strengthen pollution charges. In particular, we must use economic incentives and penalties and other economic levers to promote enterprises to carry out cleaner production and develop a circular economy. 3. Efforts should be made to promote industrial structural adjustment. We should give top priority to the orderly development and comprehensive utilization of resources, resolutely put an end to the introduction of high-pollution projects, vigorously develop low-energy-consuming, low-emission tertiary industries and high-tech industries, and focus on supporting wind power generation, straw gasification, biogas, etc. New energy development, intensive processing of mineral products and agricultural products, tourism industry development, chain operations, logistics distribution and information consulting and other modern service industries. Through measures such as technology introduction, joint research, grafting and transformation, we will accelerate the transformation of traditional industries with high and new technologies and advanced applicable technologies, eliminate backward processes, technologies and equipment, strictly limit industries with high energy consumption, high water consumption and waste of resources, and extend the extension of mineral, The processing chain of building materials, chemicals, cotton, livestock and other products will promote the resource connection of waste between enterprises, build a number of regional resource reproduction enterprises, and improve the level of comprehensive utilization of resources. 4. Select the best to develop a number of ecological industry projects. Extensive pilot work on cleaner production technologies and ecological industrial chains will be carried out in key industries, key areas and industrial parks. By selecting and supporting the best, focusing on cultivating, developing resource recycling model enterprises, demonstrations will drive the establishment of a new framework for an intensive and ecological industrial system. For example, with the Aksai Non-metallic Minerals Research Institute and the Xinyun Company Asbestos Research Institute as the core, we can accelerate the industrialization of research results on the comprehensive utilization of asbestos tailings, and transform the Asbestos Industrial Park into a collection of asbestos, chemical industry, lightweight building materials, and insulation materials. The integrated eco-industrial park enables more than 100 million cubic meters of asbestos tailings, which have been abandoned for many years, to benefit as soon as possible. The Nanjiao Industrial Park sewage treatment plant project should consider building a clean gray water supply system to connect with companies in the park and surrounding areas that do not have high water quality requirements to achieve optimal allocation and utilization of gray water. Domestic sewage treatment plants in Jiuquan City and counties and cities should be supported, and advanced and mature technologies should be introduced to utilize sludge and reclaimed water so that reclaimed water can be used for urban greening and agricultural irrigation, and sludge can be used to process and produce organic compound fertilizers. The Yumen Electric Metallurgical Industrial Park should be encouraged to realize the resource utilization of fly ash and ore tailings and reduce the emission of solid waste through the linkage of hydropower, wind power, ferrosilicon plants, steel plants, mineral processing plants and building materials production enterprises. 5. Strengthen organizational leadership and publicity. Governments at all levels should strengthen the organization and leadership of the development of circular economy, establish an effective coordination mechanism, and promote cleaner production and comprehensive utilization of resources in stages and steps. Various forms of publicity and education activities should be organized and carried out to actively advocate the use of environmentally friendly products, reduce the use of disposable products, improve the national awareness of resource conservation and environmental protection, and make the ecological values ????of harmonious coexistence between man and nature deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, and integrate energy conservation, Saving water, materials, food, and garbage classification and recycling have become conscious behaviors of every citizen, gradually forming a lifestyle and consumption pattern that saves resources and protects the environment, and creates a good social environment for the development of a circular economy and the construction of a resource-saving society. .