The degree of hot and cold weather can be expressed by temperature, and what needs to be measured.

The degree of hot and cold weather can be expressed by temperature.

Temperature records can characterize the thermal characteristics of a place, which is indispensable in both theoretical research and the application of national defense and economic construction. Temperature is one of the conventional measurement elements in ground meteorological observation. The temperature has a fixed temperature (the basic station observes four times a day, and the four hours are 02, 08, 14, 20 respectively.

The degree of hot and cold weather is usually expressed by temperature and measured by thermometer. The working principle of this temperature measuring tool is that liquid expands when heated and contracts when cooled. It specifies the reading starting point (zero point) of temperature and the basic unit for measuring temperature. The international unit is the thermodynamic temperature scale (K). Other temperature scales widely used in the world are Fahrenheit scale (F), centigrade scale scale (C) and international practical temperature scale.

Influencing factors of temperature:

1, latitude (decisive factor):

It affects the height of the sun, the length of a day, the amount of solar radiation, and the daily temperature difference in the annual range (the temperature days in low latitudes and annual ranges are smaller than those in high latitudes).

2. Terrain (height and terrain):

Shaded slopes, sunny slopes, mountains, plains, valleys and basins at different altitudes (for example, the topographic heat of valley basins is not easy to dissipate, and the tall terrain blocks the winter wind, and the daily amplitude of mountains at the same latitude is worse than that of plains, and the annual amplitude is smaller).

3. Land and sea location:

The strength of oceanography leads to the annual variation of temperature.

4. Ocean current:

Warm current: heating and humidifying; Cold current: cooling and dehumidification.

5. Weather conditions:

Where there is more rain, the daily temperature range is smaller, and where there is less rain in annual range.

6, the bottom surface:

Ground reflectivity (high snow reflectivity and low temperature); The daily temperature and annual range of green land are less than that of bare land.