How to write the main characteristics of Mount Tai in 200 words?

◎World Heritage Committee Evaluation

The majestic and sacred Mount Tai has been the object of worship for emperors for two thousand years. The humanistic masterpieces in the mountain are perfectly and harmoniously integrated with the natural landscape. Mount Tai has always been the spiritual source of Chinese artists and scholars and a symbol of ancient Chinese civilization and faith.

◎Overview

Mount Tai is located north of Tai'an City in the central part of Shandong Province in northern China. With an altitude of 1,532.7 meters, Mount Tai is majestic and enjoys the title of "the first of the five mountains" and "the first mountain in the world".

Since ancient times, Chinese people have worshiped Mount Tai. There is a saying that "if Mount Tai is safe, all the world will be safe." In ancient times, dynasties continued to offer sacrifices and sacrifices to Mount Tai, and built temples and statues of gods on Mount Tai and carved stone inscriptions. Ancient literati admired Mount Tai so much that they came to travel and write poems and articles one after another. There are more than 20 ancient building groups and more than 2,200 stone tablets and stone carvings left on the majestic mountain of Mount Tai.

The scenery of Mount Tai is famous for its magnificence. The overlapping mountains, the thick shape, the background of the pines and boulders, and the changes in the clouds and smoke make it both majestic and bright, and quiet and mysterious.

The sunrise on Mount Tai is one of the wonders of Daiding and an important symbol of Mount Tai. Whenever there is mist in the morning or evening, visitors may stand on a higher mountain and look at the light, and they may see the misty sunrise. On the fog screen, there is a colorful halo of blue inside and red outside, reflecting the entire figure or head in it, just like the colorful halo above the head of the Buddha statue, so it is called "Buddha Light" or "Treasure Light". Taishan Buddha Light is a diffraction phenomenon of light, and its appearance is conditional. According to records, Taishan Buddha's light mostly appears in the semi-clear and semi-foggy weather from June to August every year, and when the sun is shining slantingly.

Mount Tai is also famous for its numerous stone carvings. Some of these stone carvings were written by emperors themselves, and some were written by celebrities. Most of them have beautiful diction, elegant calligraphy and exquisite production. There are 1,696 stone carvings in Mount Tai, divided into cliff stone carvings and stele inscriptions. They are not only important materials recording the history of Mount Tai, but also one of the wonderful places in the scenery of Mount Tai.

◎Cultural Heritage

Long History

Mount Tai is one of the birthplaces of ancient culture in the Yellow River Basin. A long time ago, the area around Mount Tai was developed by our ancestors, as evidenced by the Dafengkou Culture at the southern foot of Mount Tai and the Longshan Cultural relics at the northern foot. Even earlier, there are fossil remains of Xintai Man from 50,000 years ago and fossil remains of Yiyuan Man from 400,000 years ago. During the Warring States Period, a 500-kilometer-long Great Wall was built along the Taishan Mountains to the Yellow Sea, and its ruins still exist today. The scenic spots in Mount Tai related to Confucius' activities include Confucius's Dengchufang, Wangwu Shengjifang, Confucius Xiaotianxia, ??Confucius Temple, Zhanlu Terrace, Menghugou, etc. Sacred mountain and cultural treasure house, Mount Tai is known as "the first of the five mountains" and "the most respected of the five mountains". It was a symbol of the regime and became a sacred mountain. When ancient emperors came to the throne, they often came to Mount Tai to hold Zen ceremonies to offer sacrifices to heaven and earth. During the pre-Qin period, 72 generations of monarchs came to Mount Tai to offer Buddhist memorial services; from the Qin and Han dynasties to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, emperors of all dynasties visited Mount Tai to offer Buddhist memorial services 27 times. In view of the emperor's Zen activities and the majestic and magnificent scenery, cultural celebrities from all dynasties came to Mount Tai to write poems and poems, leaving behind countless poems and engraved stones. Poems such as Confucius's "Qiuling Song", Sima Qian's "Book of Fengchan", Cao Zhi's "Flying Dragon", Li Bai's "Taishan Ode", Du Fu's "Wang Yue" and other poems have become famous works handed down from generation to generation in China; Tiankuang Temple The Song Dynasty murals and the Song Dynasty painted Arhat statues in Lingyan Temple are rare treasures; the stone carvings and tablets of Mount Tai are the culmination of Chinese calligraphy art, including real cursives, official seals, and seal scripts. Yan, Liu, Ou, and Zhao schools have been completed, which is a masterpiece of Chinese calligraphy in the past dynasties. and an museum of stone carving art. Mount Tai is extremely rich in cultural heritage, with 97 existing ancient ruins and 22 ancient building groups (Table 3), which provide physical information for the study of ancient Chinese architectural history.

Religion

Taishan religion has a long history. Buddhism was introduced to Mount Tai in the mid-4th century AD. In 351 AD, the eminent monk Langgong first went to Daiyin, Mount Tai to establish Langgong Temple and Lingyan Temple. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the larger temples in Taishan included Gushan Yuhuang Temple, Shenbao Temple, Puzhao Temple, etc. The famous Taishan Jingshi Valley is where the Buddhist classic "Diamond Sutra" was carved by the Northern Qi people. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, Lingyan Temple was extremely prosperous. Li Jifu, the prime minister of the Tang Dynasty, called Lingyan Temple in Taishan one of the "four wonders" in the world. As early as the Warring States Period, Taishan Taoism had alchemists living in seclusion in Daiyin Cave; after the Qin and Han Dynasties, there were many Ci temples. The ones that have been preserved to this day include the Queen Mother Pool (Qunwang Temple), Laojun Hall, Doumu Palace (Longquan Temple), Bixia Temple, Hou Temple, etc. Shiwu Temple, Yuanshi Tianzun Temple, etc. Among them, Queen Mother Pond is the earliest, founded before 220 AD; Bixia Temple has the greatest influence.

◎Natural Heritage

Mount Tai Clouds

Stratigraphy and Landforms

The formation of Mount Tai has gone through various geological eras from the Archaean to the Cenozoic. evolution process. The Taishan Movement formed a huge mountain system, the Yanshan Movement laid the foundation for Mount Tai, and the Himalayan Movement created the majesty of Mount Tai and the overall outline of Mount Tai today. Mount Tai is rich in crustal movement relics and has world-wide geological scientific research value. The Cambrian gneiss group in the Taishan area is the basement of the North China Platform. The stratigraphic sections are fully exposed, rich in fossils, and well preserved.

The Taishan Complex has a history of 2 billion years and is one of the oldest rocks in the world. It is of great significance to the study of the division and comparison of Archean strata in eastern China and the recovery of Archean history. The typical development of limestone and sand shale in Zhangxia, Gushan and Chaomidian areas in the northwest foothills of Mount Tai has been determined as the standard section of the middle and upper Cambrian series in my country and is the naming place or type specimen source for many species of paleontology. Origin. In the southern part of Mount Tai, fissure springs are widely distributed on the Archaean rock formations. From the top of Dai to the foothills, springs and streams compete with each other, and the mountains are high and the water is long. The spring water is sweet and transparent, "cold and heavy in nature, sweet and moist in taste, and has the effects of clearing the heart and improving eyesight, relieving irritability and moisturizing the intestines, promoting bowel movements, lightening the body and prolonging life". The ancients called it "Taishan Divine Water". In the northern part of Mount Tai, the middle and upper Cambrian and Ordovician carboniferous rock formations tilt to the north, and groundwater emerges as springs at the cut points of the terrain, dotted from Jinxiuchuan to the north. In the edge of the northern foothills, karst water underflows to the north and is intercepted by the gabbro in the stratigraphic area.

The towering majesty forms a landscape composed of various terrain groups. Mount Tai is located at the intersection of the north-south channel of the North China Plain and the east-west channel of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. This unique geographical location has played an extremely important role in the expansion of Mount Tai's influence and the promotion of its culture.

Sunrise on Mount Tai

Vegetation of ancient trees

Mount Tai is rich in biological resources, with a vegetation coverage rate of 80%. Climbing up the steps from the foot of the mountain, you can see Deciduous forest, broad-leaved coniferous mixed forest, coniferous forest, alpine shrubs and grassland, the vertical boundaries of the forest belt are clear, and the vegetation landscape is different. There are 989 species of seed plants in 144 families, including 433 species of woody plants in 72 families, 556 species of herbaceous plants in 72 families, and 462 species of medicinal plants in 111 families.

The ancient and famous trees in Mount Tai originate from nature and have a long history. According to "Historical Records": "The mountains are covered with lush forests and there are countless tall trees surrounding them." There are currently 34 tree species, totaling more than 10,000 trees. They are closely connected with the development of Mount Tai's history and culture and are symbols of ancient civilization. The famous ones include Han Bai Linghan, Hanging Seal Marquis, Tang Huai Baozi, Qing Tan Qiantai, Six Dynasties Relics, Yipin Dafu, Wu Dafu Song, Wangren pine, Song Dynasty ginkgo, century-old wisteria, etc., each of them is a witness to history. They have gone through hardships and become precious heritage.