Contemporary hero lermontov's original

Captain Maxim Maximisi told me the story of Bi Qiao Lin on his way to Caucasus: Five years ago, Bi Qiao Lin and Maxim went to a local prince's house and managed to kidnap his beautiful daughter Bella. Bi Qiao Lin liked her at first, but soon got tired of her. He often went out hunting, which led to Bella being taken by the enemy and hacked to death. Later, I met Maxim in a hotel. In the hotel, I personally met the protagonist of the story. He was depressed and polite to his old friends, but he was extremely cold and busy traveling. When he left, Maxim gave me Bi Qiao Lin's notes. Here are three of his notes:

(1) When I came to the coastal town of Taman, I met several smugglers at night, ruined their good deeds for no reason, and forced them to leave here to make a living. (2) I met my acquaintance Grushinitsky when I was on vacation. He's after Princess Meryl. My former lover Vera also came here. She met me in the princess's house. I pursued Merry, but I didn't love her, which caused her sadness and despair in vain. Grushinitsky challenged me out of revenge, so I killed him in a duel. (3) When playing cards at night, everyone had an argument about "fate". Captain refrigerator thought his death was predetermined and shot himself, but the gun didn't go off, but he was killed by a Cossack drunkard on his way home. The murderer hid in an empty house to resist. I decided to try my fate: I rushed into the house through the back window and captured the criminal alive.

selected works

"I had a good time for four months. I seem to have said that Bi Qiao Lin likes hunting very much and often goes to the woods to shoot wild boar or goats. Now, he doesn't even go outside the fortress wall. But not long after, I saw him walking around the room with his hands behind his back, thinking. One day, he finally said nothing to anyone and went hunting himself. I haven't seen him all morning Time and time again, I went more and more ... I thought: Oh, no, something must have happened between them!

"I went to see them one morning, and I saw a scene: Bella was sitting on the bed in a black silk short cotton-padded jacket, pale and so sad, which surprised me.

"'Where is Bi Qiao Lin?' I asked.

"'I went hunting.'

"'Did you go today?' She was silent, as if she could not speak.

"'No, I went yesterday!' She finally said with a sigh.

"'Will he be all right?'

"'I thought about it all day yesterday,' she said with tears in her eyes. I thought of all kinds of accidents: one moment I was afraid that he would be bitten by a wild boar, and the other moment I was afraid that he would be caught in the mountains by the Cechin people ... but today I think he must not love me.

"'Hey, baby, don't think about it!' She cried, then proudly raised her head, dried her tears and continued:

"'If he doesn't love me, who will stop him from sending me home? I won't force him. If this continues, I'll go by myself. I am not his slave, I am Wang Ye's daughter! ……'

"I began to persuade her:' Listen, Bella, you can't let him sit here all his life as if he were nailed to your skirt. He is a young man who likes playing games. He went out and will be back in a minute. If you keep frowning, he will soon hate you.

"'Yes, yes,' she replied,' I want to be happy!' She smiled, picked up the tambourine, sang and danced around me. But it wasn't long before she jumped up and fell on the bed, burying her face in her hands.

"Call me what to do with her? You know, I've never dealt with women. I thought and thought about how to comfort her, but I couldn't think of any way. So the two of us were silent for a while ... this situation is really sad!

"Finally, I said to her,' Let's go to the fence if you like. "The weather is really good today!" This is September, the weather is really good, sunny and cool; The outline of the mountains is particularly clear. We walked out of the house and walked silently up and down the fortress wall. Then she sat on the grass and I sat next to her. Oh, it's ridiculous to think of it. I followed her like a nanny.

"Our fortress is on the highland, and the scenery from the fence is beautiful: there is a vast wilderness on one side, several deep ditches in the middle, and a forest extending to the ridge at the end. There are also several villages filled with smoke, and some horses come and go in the wilderness; On the other side is a small river, and dense shrubs cover the rocky highlands connected with the main veins of the Caucasus, extending to the river. We sat in the corner of the redoubt and the scenery on both sides was clear at a glance. Suddenly, I saw a man riding a gray horse out of the Woods, getting closer and closer, and finally stopped at a place 200 meters away from us on the other side of the river, beating his horse round and round like a madman. What kind of trick is this? ..... I said,' Come and see, Bella, you are young and have a good eye. Who is this rider? Who is he playing tricks on? ……'

"As soon as she saw it, she cried,' It's Katz Beach! ……'

"'Oh, it's a robber! "Is he coming to make fun of us?" I looked carefully. It was Katz Beach: his ugly face was dark and his clothes were torn and dirty as usual. Bella grabbed my hand and said, "That horse belongs to my father." She shook like a leaf and her eyes sparkled. I thought to myself,' Hum! Baby, you also have robber's blood.'

"I said to the sentry,' Come here, aim your gun and kill the robber for me. I will give you a silver ruble. He replied, yes, my Lord. But he won't stop ... I smiled and said,' Then order him to stop!' ..... The sentry waved to him and shouted, "Hello, old friend!" ! Why don't you stand for a while and turn like a top? Katz Beach really stopped to listen carefully. He must think we'll negotiate with him-forget it! ..... My shooter put the butt of his gun on his shoulder ... Bang! ..... Missed, I saw the gunpowder in the medicine pool lit up. As soon as Katz Beach caught the horse, it jumped aside. He stood in the stirrup, shouted a few words in dialect, threatened us with a whip and ran away.

"'Why aren't you ashamed?' I said to the sentry.

"'my Lord! "He's dead!" He replied. You can't kill this damn thing at once.

"A quarter of an hour later, Qiao Lin came back from hunting. Bella put her arms around his neck. He went out for so long, without complaining or blaming ... but I was angry with him. I said to him,' Oh, my God! Katz Beach was just on the other side of the river, and we killed him. Well, you will see him soon, too. These mountain people will take revenge. Do you think he won't think you helped Azamat? I bet he recognized Bella today. I know that he liked Bella very much a year ago, and he personally told me that if he could get a decent dowry, he would definitely propose to her ... Bi Qiao Lin pondered for a while and replied, "Yes, be careful." ... Bella, from now on, don't come to the fence again '

"I had a long talk with him at night. I feel annoyed because he has changed his mind about the poor girl. Besides, he spent half his time hunting, and he became cold and seldom made out with her. She obviously lost weight, her face became longer and her big eyes lost their luster. Sometimes you ask her, "Why are you sighing, Bella?" "Are you sad?"—"No!" -"Do you need anything?" -"no!" Do you miss the person you love? I have no relatives.' Often you can't ask her anything except' yes' and' no' all day.

"Well, that's what I talked to him about. He replied,' Listen to me, Maxim Maxim, my personality is very bad. I don't know whether my education made me like this or God gave it to me. I only know that if I cause others' misfortune, I am not happier than others. Of course, this can't give people any comfort, but that's the truth. What can we do? When I was very young, since I was out of the protection of my parents, I began to indulge in all the happiness that money can buy. Naturally, these joys also make me feel bored. Later, I stepped into the upper class, but I soon got tired of it. I fell in love with the beautiful women in the communication field, and I was loved by them, but their love only stimulated my fantasy and vanity, and my heart was still empty … I began to study, but my knowledge also made me very tired. I see that honor and happiness have nothing to do with learning, because the luckiest people often have no ink in their stomachs, and success brings honor, but success only requires flexibility. So I was bored again ... soon I was transferred to Caucasus: this is the happiest day of my life. I had hoped that I wouldn't be bored under the bullets of the Cechin people, but my hopes were dashed. A month later, I was completely used to the swish of bullets and the approach of death. To tell the truth, they don't attract my attention as much as the buzz of mosquitoes. I am more depressed than before, because I almost lost my last hope. When I saw Bella in the house, when I held her in my lap for the first time and kissed her curly black hair, I was a fool and thought she was a fairy sent by God for pity! ..... I was wrong again: the love of wild girls is not much better than that of ladies; The simplicity and ignorance of a wild girl are as boring as a lady's coquetry. If you want me to love her, I can love her again. I thanked her for giving me a moment of tenderness. I can give my life for her, but I'm tired of her ... I don't know if I'm a fool or a bad person. But one thing is true: I am also poor, maybe even poorer than her. My soul has been destroyed by this world, my heart is in turmoil, and my heart will never be satisfied. Nothing can satisfy me. I get used to sadness as easily as I get used to happiness. My life is getting empty day by day, and there is only one way left for me: travel. I'll go at the first chance-but never to Europe! I'm going to America, Arabia and India. Maybe I will die somewhere! At least I believe that this last comfort will not disappear soon because of the impact of storms and the sharpening of muddy roads. He spoke like this for a long time, and his words were deeply imprinted in my heart, because this is the first time in my life that I heard such words from a 25-year-old man. -I hope this is the last time ... What a strange thing! Tell me, "the captain continued," it seems that you have been to Beijing not long ago. Are all young people there like this? "

I replied that many people said so, and some of them were telling the truth. However, pessimism and despair, like all fashion trends, mostly start from the upper class, then spread to the lower class and then spread. People who really feel the most depressed now are trying to cover up this misfortune, just like covering up their own mistakes. The captain didn't understand the secret, shook his head and said with a sly smile:

"This decadent and fashionable disease was introduced by the French, right?"

"No, it's English."

"Oh, so that's it! ..... "He replied," They are all terrible drunkards! "

I can't help thinking of a lady in Moscow who insisted that Byron was just an alcoholic. But the captain's view is understandable: in order to give up drinking, he tried to convince himself that all the misfortunes in the world were caused by drinking.

Then, he continued to tell his story:

"Katz beach didn't appear again. But somehow, I can't get rid of the idea that he didn't come for no reason. He must be up to something.

"Once bi advised me to go hunting wild boar with him, and I hid for a long time. To tell the truth, wild boar is no stranger to me! But he dragged me away. We took five soldiers and set off early in the morning. We walked up and down among reeds and Woods, and we didn't see a wild animal until ten o'clock. I said,' Hey, go home! Why are you so stubborn? Today is obviously not a good day. But Bi Qiao Lin didn't want to go back empty-handed, although the weather was very hot and people were very tired. He is such a person: he can do whatever he wants. Obviously, he was spoiled by his mother when he was a child. Until noon, I finally found a damn wild boar-bang! Bang! Missed, the beast jumped into the reed ... what a bad day, ... we had a rest and then set off for home.

"We loosened the reins, rode side by side, and arrived at the fortress without saying a word, but a dwarf tree blocked our view and couldn't see the house on the other side of the fortress. Suddenly a gunshot ... we looked at each other: the same suspicion surprised us. We hurried to the place where the gunfire rang. We saw all the soldiers on the fence together, pointing to the field. In the field, a man was riding a horse and flying desperately, with a white thing on his saddle. Never put off till tomorrow what you can Qiao Lin let out a cry, her voice as good as any Cherchin's voice. He pulled out his gun from the condom, let the horse run, and I followed him.

"Fortunately, hunting is not smooth, and our horses are not exhausted and fly assiduously. We watched as we got closer and closer to the man … I finally recognized Katz Beach, but I couldn't see what he was holding. I caught up with Bobby Qiao Lin and shouted to him, "This is Katz Beach!" ..... He looked at me, nodded and gave the horse a whip.

"We finally caught up with him gradually, and then he was within our range. I don't know if Katz Beach's horse is exhausted or not as good as ours. In short, no matter how hard he tried, the horse still couldn't run fast. I think it's time for him to remember his black eyes. ...

"As soon as I saw it, Bi Qiao Lin flew away and pointed the gun at him ... I shouted to him:' Don't shoot! Save the bullets. We'll catch up with him. "Hum, this young man! Always impatient when you shouldn't be impatient ... as a result, the gun went off and the bullet went through a horse's hind leg. The horse jumped more than a dozen times, and as soon as his legs went soft, he knelt down. Katz Beach jumped off the horse, and then we saw a woman with a shawl wrapped in her hand ... this is Bella ... poor Bella! Katzbich shouted at us in the local dialect and raised the dagger to her head ... I also fired a shot before it was too late and hit it. The bullet must have hit him on the shoulder, because he suddenly dropped his arm. When the smoke cleared, I saw an injured horse lying on the ground. Bella lies beside the horse. Katzbich dropped his gun and climbed up the cliff along the bush like a cat. I really want to shoot him down from there, but the loaded ammunition is gone We jumped off the horse and ran to Bella. Poor girl, she lay motionless, blood gushed from the wound like spring water ... that villain might as well give her a knife in the chest. Well, it will be over soon. But he stabbed her in the back ... this is really the most vicious robber's trick! She lost consciousness. We tore open the shawl and tied her wound tightly. Bi Qiao Lin kissed her cold lips, but it was useless. Nothing could bring her back to life.

"Bi Qiaolin rides a horse. I picked Bella up from the ground and put her on the saddle in front of him. He put his arm around her and we rode back. After a few minutes of silence, Bi Qiao Lin said to me, "I don't think it's possible for us to take her home alive by going like this." . I said,' Yes! So we ran like hell. There is a group of people waiting for us at the gate of the fortress. We carefully carried the injured girl to Bi Qiao Lin's room and sent for a doctor at the same time. Although the doctor was drunk, he came anyway. He examined the injury and said she wouldn't live a day, but he was wrong ... "

"How is she?" I grabbed the captain's arm and asked happily.

"No," he replied, "the doctor was wrong because she lived for another two days."

"Tell me, how did Katz Beach get her?"

"Well, that day Bella didn't listen to Qiao Lin, left the fortress and walked to the river. You know, it was very hot that day. She sat on a stone and dipped her feet in the water. Oh, that Katz Beach came quietly, grabbed her, covered her mouth, dragged her into the bushes, jumped on the horse and ran away! She cried. The sentry panicked, fired, but missed, and then we arrived. "

"Why did Katz Beach take her away?"

"To tell the truth, those children are famous thieves. If something is not put away, they will steal it, even if they don't need it ... they are born like this, so there is no way! Besides, he has long liked her. "

"So Bella is dead?"

"Dead; However, after a long ordeal, it is extremely uncomfortable for us to accompany her. At about ten o'clock in the evening, she woke up. We sat by the bed. As soon as she opened her eyes, she called Bi Qiao Lin. I'm here, by your side, dear! He answered by holding her hand. She said,' I'm dying! We all comforted her and said that the doctor promised to cure her. She shook her head and turned to the wall: she doesn't want to die! ……

"She talks nonsense at night. Her hair burns, and sometimes she shivers all over with heat. She mentioned her father and brother intermittently. She wanted to go to the mountains and go home ... Later, she mentioned Bi and called him by various affectionate names, blaming him for not loving his heart anymore.

"He listened to her silently and bowed his head with something in his hand, but I never saw a tear on his eyelashes. I'm not sure whether he really couldn't cry or just held back. As for me, I have never seen such a sad thing.

"At dawn, she stopped talking nonsense. She lay motionless for about an hour, pale and too weak to breathe. Later, a little better, she spoke again, but what do you think she said? ..... that kind of idea only dying people can have! ..... She felt sorry for not being a Christian, saying that her soul would never meet Bi's soul in the underworld, and other women would become his companions in heaven. It suddenly occurred to me to baptize her when she was dying, so I made this suggestion to her. She looked at me and couldn't make up her mind. She was speechless for a long time. Finally, she replied that she believed everything she wrote after she was born. In this way, the whole day passed. How much she has changed this day! ..... Pale cheeks can't help but sink, eyes become bigger, and lips are burning. She felt terribly hot in her body, as if there was a red-hot soldering iron on her chest.

"After a day and a night, we didn't sleep a wink and never left her bedside. She is in great pain. As long as the pain eased a little, she tried to convince Bi that she was much better, advised him to go to bed, kissed his hand again and held it tightly. Before dawn, she felt the pain of death and began to toss and turn in bed, breaking the bandage and bleeding again. When people bandaged her wound, she was quiet for a while and asked Bi Qiao Lin to kiss her. He knelt by the bed, lifted her head a little from the pillow, pressed his lips on her increasingly cold lips, and she put her trembling hands around his neck as if to entrust her soul to him in this kiss ... Oh, she'd better die! Otherwise, Qiao Lin abandoned her, what will happen to her? This will happen sooner or later. ...

"The next day, no matter how our doctor tortured her with various hot compresses and potions, she was very quiet, silent and obedient. I said to the doctor,' I'm sorry, didn't you say she couldn't live? Then what are you doing with your medicine?' He replied,' It's better after all, Maxim Maxim, so that my conscience can calm down. Alas, what a conscience!

"In the afternoon, she began to feel thirsty. We opened the window, but it was hotter outside than inside. We put ice beside the bed, but it didn't help at all. I know this embarrassing desire is a sign of death. I told it to Bi Qiao Lin. She got out of bed and said in a hoarse voice, "water, water!" ……'

"Never put off till tomorrow what you can Qiao Lin's face became as white as a white cloth. He grabbed a cup and filled it with water for her to drink. I covered my eyes with my hand and read the prayer, but I can't remember what I read ... To be honest, brother, I have seen many dead people in hospitals and on the battlefield, but this time it's different, totally different! ..... And, to be honest, I feel sad that she didn't think of me once before she died, but I loved her like a father ... Alas, God forgive her! ..... My conscience says, who am I to remind people of me before they die? ……

"She drank the water and felt much better at once, but she died three minutes later. We put the mirror on her lips, and it didn't fog! ..... I pulled Bi Qiao Lin out of the house and walked to the fortress wall. We walked back and forth side by side with our hands behind our backs for a long time without saying a word. There is no special expression on his face, which makes me angry. If I were in his position, I would die of grief. Later, he sat in the shade, picked up a stick and scribbled on the beach. To tell the truth, I tried to comfort him mainly out of politeness, so I spoke, but he looked up and smiled ... This laughter made me cold all over ... I walked away and bought a coffin.

"To tell you the truth, I did this half to ease my sadness. I have a piece of satin, so I put it on the coffin and decorated it with the silver ribbon that Bi Qiao Lin bought for her.

"The second day early in the morning, we buried her in the river outside the fortress, near the place where she finally sat. Now her grave is covered with black locust and elderberry. I want to put a cross on it, but I don't think it's appropriate: is she a Christian after all ... "

(translated by Cao Ying)

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Contemporary Heroes, published in 1838- 1839 and 1840, is the only novel of Russian poet lermontov, which is of great significance in the history of Russian novels.

The novel created the image of Bi as an "unnecessary person". Because of spiritual emptiness, he traveled everywhere, took risks everywhere and made trouble everywhere. He doesn't understand why "destroying the hopes of others is my only mission in this world" and why "fate always wants me to attend the tragic ending of others"? Bi's image is full of distinctive characteristics of the times. As the author said in the preface, the image of "contemporary hero" is "not a portrait of a certain person", but "composed of the shortcomings of our whole generation's full development". It must be noted that герой in Russian (equivalent to hero in English) does not completely correspond to Hero in Chinese, and it also means "protagonist" or "fashionable figure". Bi Qiao Lin is such a fashionable figure.

These excerpts were relayed to "I" by Maxim Mark simic, and consisted of his conversations with Debbie Qiao Lin, Bella and others. It not only tells a wonderful tragic story, but also reveals the characters of the three protagonists. Bi's indifference and decadence, Bella's persistence and tenacity have been fully demonstrated. Maxim Maxim, a rude veteran, takes care of Bella in every possible way, and his simplicity and kindness are even more obvious.

The love tragedy between Christian prodigal son and pagan beauty is the traditional theme of romanticism, but lermontov endowed it with unique charm. At the beginning of the selection, the reader was told that the "happy" love between Bi and Bella fell into crisis in just four months, which seems to verify the proverb "Everything begins with something unusual and ends with something unusual".

Why did Bi Qiao Lin leave Bella, a beautiful and simple city, to join the wild boar and goat in the depths of the forest? The narrator, Maxim Maximisi, didn't say anything at first because he didn't understand. But the clever Bella is keenly aware that Debbie Qiao Lin no longer loves her. This made Bella very painful. But she showed the strong character of the mountain people, dared to love, and never regretted the unfortunate ending: "If this continues, I will go by myself. I am not his slave, I am the daughter of Wang Ye! " On this day, Katz Beach, a local who once loved Bella deeply, appeared and showed obvious hostility. The kind Maxim Maxim cares about Bi's happiness, especially Bella's happiness, tells Bi about Bella's sadness and despair and the danger she faces, and tries to persuade him to be nice to Bella. This caused Bi's lengthy defense. First, his personality is very bad. I don't know whether it is caused by education or natural. Second, he has caused other people's misfortune, and he is not happier than others. He is also very poor, perhaps even worse than the victim. Third, he has been addicted to everything for a long time, but everything makes him very tired. Whether it's chasing happiness to buy laughter, reading and studying, or even the swish of bullets and the approaching of death, Love of Wild Girls can't cheer him up for a long time. Therefore, his soul has been destroyed by this world, his thoughts are restless, his heart will never be satisfied, and his life is getting empty day by day.

This argument not only shows that the writer is good at describing and analyzing the psychological activities of the characters, but also is very important to reveal Bi's character and the reasons for its formation: he has an incurable disease. At the same time, there are two functions. First of all, Bella's tragic experience has "sufficient conditions": she must be abandoned by Bi Qiao Lin and become an experiment on Bi Qiao Lin's "journey", just like the old lady Vera and Princess Merry. Secondly, it reflects the great spiritual distance between Maxim Simmich, a commoner, and Bi Qiao Lin, a prodigal son of the upper class. Originally, the narrator "I" basically exists as a "listener" rather than an "interlocutor". Only when Maxim Maximisi asked Bi Qiao Lin where his "fashionable disease" came from did "I" come forward to answer. Maxim's inquiry and comments after hearing it are quite meaningful. He denounced the British as "all drunkards", just as he later denounced the Chilks (Caucaso mountain people) as "all robbers", which highlighted his simplicity and kindness, as well as his narrow ignorance of civilians. Therefore, in the author's mind, the decadent and westernized upper class is certainly hopeless, and the pure Slavic civilian world does not necessarily represent the future. The author himself doesn't know exactly where Russia's way out is, but only describes the tragedy of "continuous progress" for us.

One day, when Bobby Qiao Lin was out hunting, Katz Beach came and took Bella away. In Maxim Maximisi's narrative, it was an "unlucky day": the hunting didn't go well and nothing was found. Fortunately, the chase didn't go well, and Bi Qiao Lin and Maxim were able to get back in time to chase the "robber". They fired, and Katz Beach escaped, but cut Bella with a saber. Two days later, the tortured Bella died. The selected article describes in detail the painful process of Bella's injury and death and Maxim's mental sadness, so as to strengthen the tragic atmosphere of the story and condemn Bi's character and behavior. There is a detail in the book that can well express Bi Qiao Lin's attitude towards life: Bella died and Bi Qiao Lin was in great pain, but when Maxim opened his mouth to enlighten him to comfort Bi Qiaolin, "he looked up and smiled ... this laughter made me feel cold ... so I walked away and bought a coffin". If Maxim Maximisi's way to relieve grief is to constantly do something for the dead, then Bi Qiao Lin's way to relieve grief is to start a new adventure, so there is a gambling game in fatalism.

The language of this novel is very vivid, interesting and natural. In the anthology, Maxim Maximisi tells the story of the past with energetic oral language, portrays the charming scenery of the Caucasus mountains for us, and integrates the love tragedy of Bi Qiao Lin and Bella with the scenery of Shan Ye. For example, when Maxim Maximisi took Bella out of the fence, the author wrote: "This happened in September, and the weather was really good, sunny and cool; The outline of the mountain is particularly clear. " "Looking from the fence, the scenery is beautiful: there is a vast wilderness on one side, several deep ditches in the middle, and a forest extending to the ridge at the end. There are also several villages filled with smoke, and some horses come and go in the wilderness; On the other side is a small river, and dense shrubs cover the rocky highlands connected with the main veins of the Caucasus, extending to the river. We sat in the corner of the redoubt, and the scenes on both sides were very clear. " This not only shows that as a great poet, lermontov is good at absorbing rich vocabulary and vivid folk language expressions; More importantly, this kind of description adds to the exoticism and poignant beauty of the works, making readers feel that the love tragedy of Bi and Bella is so close at hand that it is sad but lingering.

(Shi Dongming)