Where is the north of Huaihe River?

Huaihe River, the great river between the Yangtze River and the Yellow River in China. Below Hongze Lake is the lower reaches of Huaihe River, which discharges water in three ways. The mainstream flows out of Sanjiang from Sanjiangzha and enters the Yangtze River in Sanjiang via baoying lake and gaoyou lake, which is a river channel. Up to now, the total length is about 1 1,000 kilometers, and the drainage area is187,000 square kilometers. The other road leaves Gaoliangjianmen on the east bank of Hongze Lake, and enters the Yellow Sea at Biandan Port via the main irrigation canal in northern Jiangsu. The third road goes out of Helmn on the northeast bank of Hongze Lake and crosses the Hu Aishu River.

Huaihe River Basin is located in the east of China, between the Yangtze River and the Yellow River, with an east longitude of 1 12 ~ north latitude of 12 1 0, with a basin area of 270,000 km2. The basin starts from Tongbai Mountain and Funiu Mountain in the west, borders the Yellow Sea in the east, is bounded by Dabie Mountain, Jianghuai Hill, Toarey Yang Canal and Rutai Canal in the south, and borders the Yellow River Basin in the north. The basin spans Henan, Anhui, Jiangsu, Shandong and Hubei provinces. Because the Yellow River once seized the Huaihe River into the sea, the Huaihe River is divided into Huaihe River system and Yishu Sishui River system. South of the abandoned Yellow River is Huaihe River system, and north is Yishu Sishui River system. The average annual runoff of the whole Huaihe River basin is 6.21100 million m3, of which the Huaihe River system is 45.3 billion m3 and the Yishu Sishui River system is1600 million m3. The main stream of Huaihe River Basin originates from Tongbai Mountain in Henan Province, with a total length of 1000km and a total drop of 196m, with an average gradient of 0.2 ‰.

The Huaihe River originates from Tongbai Mountain in the south of Henan Province, with a total length of 1000km. The western, southwestern and northeastern parts of the basin are mountainous and hilly areas, and the rest are vast plains. The hilly area accounts for about13 of the total area, and the plain area accounts for about 2/3 of the total area. Funiu Mountain and Tongbai Mountain in the west of the basin are generally 200-500 m above sea level, while Shiren Mountain in the upper reaches of Sha Ying is as high as 2 153m, which is the highest peak in the whole basin. The southern Dabie Mountain is 300-1774 m above sea level; The elevation of Yimeng mountain area in the northeast is 200- 1 155m. The hilly areas are mainly distributed in the mountain extension, with the elevation of 100-200m in the west, 50- 100m in the south and 100m in the northeast. To the north of the main stream of Huaihe River is a vast alluvial plain, the terrain is inclined from northwest to southeast, and the elevation is generally 15-50m. The elevation of Subei Plain in the lower reaches of Huaihe River is 2-10m; The west of Nansi Lake is a floodplain with an altitude of 30-50m. Besides mountains, hills and plains, there are many lakes and depressions scattered all over the basin. The Huaihe River originates in Tongbai Mountain, Tongbai County, Henan Province, from west to east, passes through southern Henan Province, northern Anhui Province and northern Jiangsu Province, and joins the Yangtze River in Sanjiangying, Jiangdu County, Jiangsu Province, with a total length of 1000 km. In the western part of the basin, the Funiu Mountain Range in western Henan is separated from the Luo Yi River Basin, a tributary of the Yellow River, and the Hanshui River Basin, a tributary of the Yangtze River. In the north, the South Yellow River embankment from Zhengzhou, Henan Province to Lankao and the South Yellow River embankment from Lankao to the abandoned Yellow River estuary are separated from the Yishu Sihe River basin. South to Tongbai Mountain, Dabie Mountain and Toarey Yang Canal, Dongchuan Changhe River and Hanshui River, Wanhe River, Chaohu Lake and Chuhe River on the north bank of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River; Eastern Yellow Sea.

The total basin area is 6.5438+0.87 million square kilometers, including 66,900 square kilometers in Anhui Province, accounting for 35.8%. Because the northern Jiangsu plain, east of the Li Canal, south of the abandoned Yellow River, north of the Canal and Dongchuanchang River, covers an area of 22,440 square kilometers, and the water flows directly into the sea eastward. Actual catchment area of Huaihe River 164560 km2. Anhui section of Huaihe River, located in the middle reaches of Huaihe River, starts at the mouth of Red River at the junction of Henan and Anhui, and ends at Hongshantou at the junction of Anhui and Jiangsu, with a total length of 430 kilometers. To the north of Huaihe River is the Huang-Huai alluvial plain, which is flat and vast with deep soil layers. The ground elevation is 45 meters to 13.5 meters, and it slopes from northwest to southeast with a slope of1/5000 ~11000. There are low mountains and residual hills in the northern counties of Xiao, Shu, Su, Ling and Si, with an altitude of generally 50 ~ 100 m, the highest peak of Guanshan in Xiao County is 408 m, the highest peak of Xiangshan in Huaibei City is 342 m, the dry mountain in Su County is 3 12 m, and Pingshan in Sixian County is 165438+. There are bays, depressions and lakes on both sides of the Huaihe River, which is the flood detention and drainage area of the Huaihe River. Huainan is mainly a hilly area, and Baimajian and Tiantangzhai are the highest in the Dabie Mountains in the west, with elevations of1.774m and1.729m respectively. To the east of Dabie Mountain, the terrain is obviously reduced, and the hills are continuous, extending northeast to the south of Hongze Lake, becoming the watershed between the Yangtze River and Huaihe River. The altitude is generally about 50 ~ 100 meters, and there are hills above 300 meters. For example, the North General Mountain in Zhangbaling is 399 meters, and there are shallow mountains below Huaishou County. The slope of the Huaihe River is gentle, with an average of 0.02 ‰, and it flows through Xiashan, Jingshan and Fushan Three Gorges along the way. The situation is very dangerous. Zhengyang Pass receives water from all mountainous areas in the upper reaches of Ganzi River, with a total control area of 9 1.620 square kilometers. Known as "Seventy-two roads return to Zhengyang", Dabie Mountain, Tongbai Mountain, Funiu Mountain and Songshan Mountain are the main flood sources of Huaihe River. Main channel flow: from Honghekou to Zhengyangguan is less than 1000 m3/s, from Zhengyangguan to Wohekou is less than 2,500 m3/s, and from below Wohekou to Hongshantou is less than 3,000 m3/s.

There are many tributaries on both sides of the Taiwan Strait. On the left bank are Red River, Ancient River, He Run, He Ying, Xifei, He Juan, Guohe, Hutong and He Sui. , as well as large artificial rivers, the new Bianhe River and the new Huaihe River, have a long history and are characterized by plain rivers. On the right bank, there are Shiguan River, Fenghe River, Jihe River, Pi River, Donghe River, Heyao River, Xiaoxi River, Chihe River and Baita River, all of which originate from the north side of the Jianghuai watershed and have the characteristics of mountainous rivers. There are many lakes along the Huaihe River, which are distributed near the confluence of tributaries. The lake is big, but the water is not deep. There are Bali Lake, Jiaogang Lake, Sifang Lake, Meet Lake, Tuo Lake and Days Mirror Lake on the left bank. On the right bank are Chengxi Lake, Chengdong Lake, Wabu Lake, Gaotang Lake, Huayuan Lake, Nvshan Lake, Qili Lake, gaoyou lake, Huyi Lake and Yanghu Lake.

In the Huaihe River area of Anhui Province, water conservancy developed earlier in history, such as Shaopi (now Anfengtang) in Shouxian County, which was built more than 2,500 years ago in the Spring and Autumn Period and irrigated thousands of acres of fields. Tongji Canal, which runs through Suzhou, Lingsi and Suzhou counties, was built in the Sui Dynasty 1300 years ago. Tracing back to the Bianliang River, it is connected with the canal and communicates with Jianghuai. It was a waterway at that time. From the12nd century, the Yellow River seized the Huaihe River for more than 600 years and was finally abandoned. Before 1949, the water system in Huaibei area was disordered, the rivers and ditches were silted up, and the ponds and ditches were mostly leveled; The main stream of Huaihe River has shallow siltation, supported by Hongze Lake, and the bottom of the river below Fushan Mountain is in an inverted slope, which makes ventilation difficult. Floods, even droughts and locusts often occur in this area thousands of miles away. "Heavy rain is a disaster, light rain is a minor disaster, and there is no rain" is its true portrayal. 1949, the main and tributaries of Huaihe River were rectified, drainage ditches were excavated, and a drainage system was initially established. Although the control standard is still very low and the flood disaster is still very serious, great achievements have been made in water control, and great progress has been made in eliminating the four pests and promoting the development, which has promoted the vigorous development of industry and agriculture. Huaibei area has formed a coal-fired power base and a grain and cotton base. In the past, it was poor and backward, but now it has undergone significant changes.