How to water ginger reasonably?

Ginger prefers humidity to drought, and its root system is shallow and underdeveloped, and its water absorption capacity is weak, so it is difficult to use the water in deep soil. The rainy season is coming, and Jiang Miao is not tolerant of waterlogging. Therefore, irrigation and drainage must be carried out reasonably according to the water demand characteristics of ginger in cultivation in order to make ginger grow healthily.

(1) Water Management in Germination Stage

First of all, the bottom water must be poured when sowing to ensure the smooth emergence of ginger. After sowing, the first watering is usually started when the seedling emergence reaches about 70%, but it should be flexibly mastered according to the local climate, soil quality and water content. If it is sandy soil, the water retention is generally poor. The weather is dry, the soil evaporates quickly, and the soil is very dry before planting ginger. In this case, water should be used as appropriate to promote the emergence of seeds and buds. After this watering, we should always keep the soil moist to prevent the soil surface from hardening and affecting the emergence of seedlings. If it is cohesive soil with good water retention and suitable soil water content, it can wait until about 70% of the seedlings emerge before watering.

According to the experience of Laiwu ginger farmers, the first watering should be timely, neither too early nor too late. If it is poured too early, the soil surface is easy to harden, and the buds are difficult to be unearthed, which is easy to cause irregular seedling emergence; If it is poured too late, the ginger buds will be dry and the buds will dry up easily. Two or three days after the first watering, followed by the second watering, followed by intertillage to preserve soil moisture, can make Jiang Miao grow vigorously.

(2) Water management at seedling stage

The seedlings are small, grow slowly, and don't need much water, but the requirements for water at seedling stage are strict, and the north is in the dry season of late spring and early summer, so water is not needed at this time. In the early stage of seedling growth, small amount of irrigation is appropriate. After watering, when the soil is wet and dry alternately, shallow tillage should be carried out to loosen the soil and conserve water, which is conducive to raising ground temperature and promoting root development. In the late stage of seedling growth, it has entered summer, with dry and hot weather, large soil evaporation and high water consumption. Therefore, the number and quantity of watering should be increased appropriately, and the relative water content of soil should be kept at about 70%. It is best to water in the morning or evening in summer, not at noon. This can not only prevent soil drought, but also reduce the ground temperature. In addition, after the summer rainstorm, it is necessary to water the well in time to cool down, commonly known as "waterlogging watering the garden". At the same time, drainage should be done in time to avoid ginger rot caused by water accumulation in ginger fields.

During the whole seedling period, we should pay attention to uniform water supply, and do not alternate dry and wet. If the water supply is uneven, not only will the seedlings grow poorly, but the new leaves will often twist and not unfold, commonly known as "braids", which will affect the normal growth of the seedlings.

(3) Water management in vigorous growth period

After the autumn in the northern region, ginger entered a vigorous growth period and its growth rate accelerated. A large number of branches and leaves appeared in the new shoots, and the root system expanded rapidly. At this time, due to the large increase, the water demand also increased accordingly. In order to meet the requirement of water content in this growing period, according to the weather conditions, flood water 1 times is generally poured every 4 ~ 6 days to keep the relative water content of soil at 75% ~ 80% and promote the rapid formation of product organs. Water 1 time 3 ~ 4 days before harvesting, so that ginger slices have moist soil during harvesting, which is beneficial to cellar storage.

In southern China, the water management in Jiangtian is different from that in northern China. In the early stage of seedling growth, the low temperature and much rain affect the root system growth of ginger seedlings. In order to prevent waterlogging in river fields and seedlings, it is necessary to do a good job of ditch cleaning and drainage in the fields, so that the ditches are connected, and the drainage is timely and smooth after rain, which is beneficial to the growth of seedlings. In the late stage of seedling growth, the temperature rises. In places with insufficient water resources, in order to keep the soil moist and reduce water evaporation, we often combine intertillage and cultivate the soil around the summer solstice, and cover the border surface of ginger with straw, wheat straw, rape stalk, rape pod shell and silkworm cocoon stalk, which has good effect of drought prevention and moisture conservation.

During the period of a large number of branches of ginger, the water demand increased obviously. According to Liao Juemin's research, the water consumption of ginger (a ginger ball) is 0.5 ~ 0.8m3 per 667 m2 day and night from the emergence to the growth period. During the growth period from the second ginger ball to the third ginger ball, the daily water consumption per 667 m2 is1~1.5m3.. In the rapid branching period, water shortage, such as water shortage and drought, cannot be avoided. In light cases, the plants grow slowly, the leaves wither, and the plants are thin. In heavy cases, the heart leaves do not unfold, and most leaves roll up and even the plants wither and die. After summer, Jomally is basically closed to traffic. If the temperature is high in summer and autumn and it doesn't rain for a long time, in order to prevent the drought in Jomally, some places adopt the method of late irrigation and early drainage, or irrigate horse racing at night, which can get good results. In Xinfengjiang District, Zhejiang Province, when the weather is dry, maintaining the water level of 3 ~ 6 cm in the border and keeping the soil moist is beneficial to plant growth.

Ginger is the most resistant to waterlogging in the late growth stage. Generally, after September, there are more autumn rains in southern China. At this time, it is necessary to clear ditches, drain water and prevent waterlogging, and create suitable conditions for rhizome expansion.

In order to save water, sprinkling irrigation can be used to grow ginger in places with insufficient water resources. In Lu Fang Township, Feicheng City, Shandong Province, the area of sprinkler irrigation has reached about 266.7 hectares. After the implementation of jiangtian sprinkler irrigation in this township, besides saving land by 2% and water by 60%, it has also achieved obvious effect of increasing production. The ginger they planted is taller and more branched than the ginger planted in ordinary surface irrigation fields, with an average root weight of 506 grams per plant, which is 12.7% higher than that in surface irrigation fields. From the analysis of its nutritional quality, the contents of vitamin C, protein and sugar are higher than those of rhizomes of Jiangtian irrigated on the ground. It can be seen that sprinkler irrigation is not only beneficial to the growth and yield of ginger, but also can improve the nutritional quality.