Compulsory 1 geography-related issues

A temperate continental climate with certain marine characteristics. Washington has a mild climate and four distinct seasons. The average temperature in August is about 30 degrees Celsius, with high humidity and frequent thunderstorms. The climate in spring and autumn is mild, and the average temperature is around 20 degrees Celsius. It is dry in spring. The turn of summer and autumn was affected by the hurricane. In winter, the temperature will drop below freezing point, and the annual average snowfall is 381mm. The highest temperature in history is 4 1 celsius, which occurred on July 20th, 930 and August 6th, 2008. The lowest temperature in history is -26 degrees Celsius, which appeared in February 1899 1 1.

Beijing:

Temperate monsoon climate. Climatic characteristics of various seasons in Beijing

1, Spring (March-May): The temperature changes rapidly, and there are often strong winds to cool down.

The number of windy days accounts for 36% of the number of windy days in the whole year. The precipitation is 45-80mm, accounting for about 65,438+00% of the annual precipitation. Evapotranspiration accounts for 30-32% of annual evapotranspiration. Due to the rapid temperature rise, low humidity, strong evapotranspiration and dry soil, there are windy and dusty days now, and the temperature rises quickly after the wind. This is the characteristic of Beijing's continental climate.

2. Summer (June-August): hot and rainy is a prominent feature. July average

The temperature in the plain is about 26 degrees, and it is 22-25 degrees in most mountainous areas. The precipitation is between 400-600 mm, accounting for about 75% of the annual precipitation. The distribution of precipitation is uneven. The areas around Zaoshulin, Badao River and Shuiman River in fangshan county, and Luo Ying, Haizi and Jiangjunguan in Pinggu Town are rainy areas. The seasonal precipitation is above 600-700 mm, and the seasonal precipitation is less than 400 mm in the mountainous area north of Kangzhuang and Zhangshanying in the northwest, with high precipitation intensity. Often a few rainstorms or one or two rainstorms are equivalent to a month's precipitation.

3. Autumn (September-165438+1October): it is suitable for cold and warm, sunny and warm with little rain.

Seasonal precipitation only accounts for 14% of the annual precipitation. The rapid cooling makes the duration of autumn shorter than that of spring At the end of autumn, a strong cold air went south and entered winter.

4. Winter (65438+February-February): cold and dry, windy and snowy season is long, which is the characteristic of this season. The monthly average temperature is below zero, and the precipitation is only about 10 mm, accounting for 2% of the annual precipitation. Strong winds and cold waves occur every year, but the intensity and time are different.

Shanghai:

Subtropical monsoon climate. Shanghai has a subtropical maritime monsoon climate. The main climatic characteristics are: warm in spring, hot in summer, cool in autumn and cold in winter, moderate annual rainfall and relatively even seasonal distribution. Generally speaking, the climate is mild and humid, with four distinct seasons. The highest temperature in Shanghai is in July and August. In recent years, the summer in Shanghai is getting hotter and hotter, and the number of high temperature days exceeding 35℃ is about 10 days. 1Late October to early February (usually during the Spring Festival) is the coldest time in winter. Although there are not many days of sudden cold (usually lasting three days), the wet cold in the south of the Yangtze River is too much for northern Renye Fang, and the biting north wind often blows. Don't wear some heavy warm clothes, gloves, scarves and hats should be fully armed. There are not many days of snow, sometimes it doesn't snow all the year round. March to May is the best tourist season in full bloom in spring. What needs special reminder is that the rainy season is from mid-June to early July, both sunny and rainy. The rainfall of more than 20 days accounts for about 1/4 of the whole year, so it is not suitable to travel during this period. From the end of August to the middle of September, typhoons are frequent, and there are often downpours. You must take a sun umbrella to Shanghai during these two periods. Fortunately, the climate is hot at this time, and sunny days can also be used as sun protection.

Lhasa: Plateau (cold) climate. The highest temperature in Lhasa in summer does not exceed 28 degrees Celsius.

The general characteristics are: thin air, low air pressure, low oxygen content, strong solar radiation, long sunshine time and low temperature. The daily temperature difference is divided into obvious dry season and rainy season, and the climate type is complex and the vertical change is great.

Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: Due to the influence of peculiar and diverse topography, landforms, high-altitude airflow and weather system, a complex and diverse unique climate has been formed. Generally speaking, the climate in Tibet is characterized by severe cold in the northwest, warm and humid in the southeast, and zonal alternation from southeast to northwest, namely: subtropical zone-warm zone-temperate zone-sub-frigid zone; Wet-semi-humid-semi-arid-drought; Reflected in plants, the order is forest-shrub-meadow-grassland-desert.

In addition to the general trend, there are various regional climates and obvious vertical climatic zones. As far as its climate is concerned, there are many sunshine, strong radiation, large temperature difference between day and night, distinct wet and dry, and rainy nights. It is dry in winter and spring, windy, with low air pressure and low oxygen content. Because of the abundant sunshine and strong radiation, even in the cold winter, the daytime in Tibet is still warm and harmonious, and only at night will the temperature drop below zero.

The most obvious feature of Tibet's climate is the large temperature difference between day and night. The highest temperature in a day can reach 28 degrees Celsius, and the lowest temperature can be reduced to 10 degrees Celsius (taking August as an example). Because of the long sunshine, winter is not as cold as people think, but strong ultraviolet radiation is also a big challenge to Tibet's tourism.

Compared with other regions in the same latitude, the temperature in Tibet is low and the annual temperature difference is small. However, due to the strong solar radiation, the surface temperature rose rapidly after sunrise. Even in winter, as long as there is sunshine, you will feel warm as spring, which is probably beyond your imagination.

Mexico: Tropical desert climate. Because it is controlled by subtropical high all the year round, the precipitation is scarce all the year round, so it is called cactus kingdom.

Hawaii: It has a tropical maritime climate (high school geography is merged into tropical rainforest climate). For example, the climate in eastern Madagascar and southern Brazil.

The reason for its formation is the high temperature all the year round, which is influenced by sea breeze and topography. There is a lot of precipitation all year round, and the vegetation is the same as the tropical rain forest. Therefore, it is classified as a tropical rain forest. The temperature in Hawaii does not change much throughout the year, and there is no seasonal difference. February and March are the coldest, and August and September are the hottest. Under normal circumstances, the rainfall is the largest from June 5438+00 to April of the following year, and it may rain at any time.

Cape Town: Cape Peninsula has a Mediterranean climate with four distinct seasons. In winter, from May to August every year, the cold front from the Atlantic brings a lot of rain, and the average temperature is only about 7℃. The highest rainfall in the whole city is in winter, and due to the terrain, the rainfall in different regions may be very different. From 1 1 in summer to February of the following year, the climate is warm and dry, with an average temperature of 26℃. Due to the geographical environment, there are often fresh strong winds blowing from the southeast of Cape Peninsula, which the locals call "Dr. Cape". This wind is formed on the ridge of the South Atlantic Ocean west of Cape Town, which brings fresh air to the area and blows away pollutants in the air.

Cairo: Cairo has a Mediterranean climate. Many cities in the world are in the transitional zone between two climate types, such as Hongkong in China, Varna in Bulgaria, continental climate from Mediterranean to temperate zone, Cairo in Egypt and Washington in the United States. However, according to the world practice, the climate type of the dominant city throughout the year is regarded as the climate of the city.

Greece: Mediterranean climate. In April in Greece, spring comes to the earth, and the chance of rain decreases. The flowers on the grassland are gradually blooming. The highest temperature in Athens is about 20 degrees Celsius, and the lowest is 12 degrees Celsius. Wan Li is dry and sunny in summer, with strong sunshine in July and August. Pay attention to sun protection. Since September, the weather has been getting colder and colder, with a large temperature difference between morning and evening and more cloudy days. In the coldest winter, the temperature may drop below 0 degrees Celsius, so you should take a thick coat, gloves and scarf.

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