The Landscape and Cultural Features of Urumqi

Urumqi is the capital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, the political, economic and cultural center of Xinjiang, the bridgehead of the second Eurasian Continental Bridge in western China, and an important gateway for China to open to the west. She is located in the center of the Eurasian continent, at the northern foot of the middle Tianshan Mountains and at the southern edge of the Junggar Basin. The city governs seven districts and one county, with a total area of1.2000 square kilometers and a built-up area of1.668 square kilometers. The total population of the city is 2.082 million (according to the data of the fifth national census), and there are 47 ethnic groups, including Uygur, Han, Kazak and Hui.

Historical evolution has a long history. Urumqi is an ancient Junggar language which means "beautiful pasture". As early as more than 2,000 years ago, it was an important town on the New North Road of the ancient Silk Road. In the long history, Urumqi has become the intersection of East and West economies and cultures, and the fusion point of Central Plains and Western Regions. Throughout the ages, many people with lofty ideals have stopped in Urumqi, leaving behind many masterpieces describing the beautiful landscape of Urumqi, such as "the bright moon is high from the sky, the sea of clouds is boundless" and "like the strong wind in spring, it blows open the petals of ten thousand pear trees at night", making Urumqi famous far and near. In the 5,000-year splendid civilization of China, Urumqi, as a barrier to the northwest of the motherland, has made important contributions to developing China's foreign economic and cultural exchanges, building the frontier, consolidating the frontier and safeguarding the reunification of the motherland. ?

Rich in natural resources. Urumqi has Tuha Oilfield in the east, Tarim Oilfield in the south, Zhundong Oilfield in the north and Karamay Oilfield in the west. The underground coal reserves1000 billion tons, and the total thickness of minable coal seams is 80 meters, which is known as "the coal city on the oil sea". Lake salt, mirabilite, gypsum, oil shale, copper, manganese and iron ore also have great reserves. It has 54,000 hectares of cultivated land, 600,000 hectares of grassland, more than 300 kinds of wild grassland plants and 3,600 hectares of arable water. Thermal power and wind power resources are extremely rich, with the largest wind power plant in western China. ?

Tourism resources are unique. Urumqi has rugged terrain, remarkable climate difference, steep ice peaks and canyons, exposed and complete geological sections, and a large scale of fossil producing areas. It is an excellent place for alpine exploration, ice skating and skiing, sand curiosity, scientific investigation and other activities. From the towering Tianshan Mountains to the Gurbantunggut Desert, there are mountain ice and snow landscape, mountain subalpine meadow grassland landscape, mountain forest landscape, mountain grassland landscape, foothill desert landscape and desert landscape in turn. The ever-changing vertical natural landscape provides rich contents for scientific investigation and tourism. There are famous "Eight Scenes" such as Hongshan, Jianhu and Yuewei Caotang in the urban area, and tourist attractions such as Nanshan Scenic Area and Tianshan Tianchi in the suburbs. ?

Ethnic customs are colorful. Many ethnic groups living in Urumqi, United and harmonious, built their homes and created colorful and magical national cultures. Their ethnic customs, religious culture, architectural features, festival celebrations, costumes, local products, local food and entertainment customs constitute rich and colorful ethnic customs. The unique ethnic cultural and sports activities such as horse racing, catching sheep, chasing girls, Dawazi performance, Akon playing and singing, as well as the songs and dances and hospitality of frontier ethnic groups deeply attract foreign tourists. ?

(2) development

Great progress has been made in economic construction. Since the reform and opening up, especially since the country implemented the strategy of developing the western region, Urumqi's economic construction has made unprecedented achievements. Remarkable achievements have been made in various reforms centered on state-owned enterprises, the socialist market economic system has been established and improved, and an all-round open development pattern has taken shape. Substantial progress has been made in the strategic adjustment of the economic structure, economic and technological development zones, high-tech industrial development zones and district-level economies have become new economic growth points, and the pattern of public ownership as the mainstay and mixed ownership economy developing together has basically taken shape. The rural economy has developed steadily and the adjustment of agricultural structure has intensified. The adjustment of industrial structure continued to deepen, and the proportion of output value of high-tech industries continued to increase. The functions of urban infrastructure have been continuously improved, and various urban functional blocks with characteristics as the main representatives have been built, including Zhongshan Road Commercial Street, Renmin Road Financial Street, Erdaoqiao Folk Street and Beijing Road Science and Technology Street. Xinjiang Trade City, China Xinjiang Commodity City, Xinjiang International Grand Bazaar, Hualing, Youhao Parkson and other local characteristic markets and large supermarkets have been built one after another, and gradually formed business districts with their own characteristics and taking shape, such as South Station, Erdaoqiao, Zhongshan Road, Daximen and Railway Bureau. A number of well-known brand circulation enterprises at home and abroad, such as KFC, Puls Mart, Century Jinhua, Parkson and Carrefour, have settled in our city. In 2003, the city's GDP was 40.8 billion yuan, the per capita GDP was 65.438+0.99 billion yuan, the full-scale fiscal revenue was 65.438+0.4 billion yuan, the local fiscal revenue was 4.665438+0 billion yuan, the total retail sales of social consumer goods was 65.438+0.72 billion yuan, and the per capita disposable income of urban residents was 9087 yuan. In the west 12 provincial capitals and cities, the comprehensive competitiveness is in the forefront. ?

The urban service function is perfect. A large number of key construction projects, such as water supply, heat supply, gas supply, roads and bridges, housing, environmental protection and greening, have been completed one after another, and urban hardware facilities have been significantly improved and service functions have been enhanced. Traffic and communication are relatively developed. Urumqi International Airport is one of the six regional hub airports in China, with 84 international and domestic routes, including 6 1 domestic routes, reaching 62 domestic cities. There are 23 international air routes to 15 countries and 19 foreign cities. Urumqi Railway Station is the general hub of Xinjiang Railway. After the completion and operation of Lanzhou-Xinjiang double-track railway and Nanjiang railway, the ability to undertake passenger and cargo distribution and transportation in the mainland and Central Asia has been greatly enhanced. Roads extend in all directions. Three national highways pass through the urban area and connect with Xinjiang, the whole country and neighboring countries. Hetan Expressway, the main road in the urban area, is connected with Tuwu Expressway and Wukui Expressway, and the outer ring road is now fully connected, further improving the traffic flow in the urban area. Urumqi is the communication and postal hub of Xinjiang, and has formed a long-distance communication transmission network with digital microwave, satellite and optical cable as the main body, which can directly dial with 1046 cities and counties in China and more than 200 countries and regions in the world. The opening of Asia-Europe communication optical cable, GSM digital mobile communication, DDN digital data network and IP broadband metropolitan area network has greatly improved the level of urban informatization and provided conditions for large-scale and high-speed information exchange with domestic and foreign countries. All these have built a modern three-dimensional "Silk Road". By the end of 2003, the annual urban water supply was 465.438+0.5 billion tons, the total natural gas supply was 654.38+0.3 billion square meters, and the electricity consumption was 4.78 billion kilowatts, which effectively guaranteed the production and living water, gas supply and electricity consumption. Urban public transport has been continuously improved, with 3,966 buses and 6,849 taxis, with buses 19 per 10,000 people and 32.9 taxis, which are above the average among large and medium-sized cities in China. The central heating area reached 35.69 million square meters, the green coverage rate of the built-up area reached 23.92%, and the per capita public green area reached 4. 16 square meters; Industrial "three wastes" and air pollution control have achieved remarkable results, with excellent air quality and good weather accounting for more than 50% of the year. At the same time, taking the opportunity of creating a famous tourist city, we will constantly improve and implement urban planning, adhere to the simultaneous transformation of the old city and the construction of the new city, and vigorously promote the pace of comprehensive urban renovation with the focus on improving the appearance of the city and controlling urban pollution, so that the appearance of the city has been greatly improved, and a new type of city with modern flavor is presented to people. ?

The level of opening to the outside world has improved significantly. With the opening of the Eurasian Continental Bridge and the westward expansion of China's development strategy, Urumqi has built five second-class ports and nearly 200 commodity trading markets relying on eight neighboring countries, forming a multi-level and multi-channel trade network covering Xinjiang and radiating at home and abroad, and becoming a frontier city of China's opening to the outside world. In 2003, the total import and export volume of foreign trade enterprises and second-class ports in Urumqi reached 2 billion US dollars. It has two national development zones, Urumqi Economic and Technological Development Zone and Urumqi High-tech Industrial Development Zone, and an export processing zone. The success of Wuqi Fair has publicized Urumqi to the whole country and even the world, improved its popularity and attractiveness, accelerated the development of the city's export-oriented economy, and effectively promoted the economic construction and the development of various undertakings in Urumqi. At present, Urumqi has carried out horizontal economic association and cooperation with 30 counties and cities and more than 60 counties and cities in the whole region, and established good trade cooperation relations with 63 countries and regions on five continents. With the rapid development of tourism, it has become one of the excellent tourist cities in China. In 2003, it received 3,965,438+million overnight visitors at home and abroad, and realized tourism income of 47 1 10,000 yuan. ?

All-round development of social undertakings. Urumqi has been identified by the state as "prospering the city through science and technology", "national pilot city for comprehensive reform of scientific and technological economic system", "national demonstration city for clean energy action", "pilot city for research on important technical standards" and "demonstration city for manufacturing information engineering". Actively promote the construction of scientific and technological innovation service system, and make substantial progress in the reform of various scientific research institutions. Vigorously implement science and technology projects, build five high-tech incubation bases relying on two development zones, and promote the combination of science and technology and economy. Actively promote quality education and improve the quality of education and teaching. By the end of 2003, there were 73 scientific research and technology development institutions in the city, with 65,438+300,000 professional technicians. There are 13 colleges and universities with 86,000 students; A multi-level radio and television network combining radio, television, wireless, cable, amplitude modulation and frequency modulation has been built; Health institutions 1084, including hospitals 106, with 76 doctors per 10,000 people and 60 beds. Gymnasium 1403. Through activities such as "ruling the city according to law" and "creating a civilized city", the cohesion of the military and civilians of all ethnic groups in the city has been greatly enhanced. All seven districts and one county have been built into "dual-support and dual-mode counties (districts)". Urumqi won the title of "Double Support Model City" for five consecutive times.

(3) Prospect

The 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way by 2020. Urumqi Municipal Party Committee and Municipal People's Government decided to seize the strategic opportunity period of development and take the lead in realizing the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way in Xinjiang by 20 10. At present, the Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal People's Government are leading the people of all ethnic groups in the city, adhering to the policy of "strength determines everything, stability overrides everything, and people's interests are above everything else", adhering to the people-oriented principle and establishing a comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development concept. Focusing on the long-term goal of "building a modern international trade city" and the short-term goal of "building a strong economic city and building a famous tourist city", we should follow the principle of "optimizing primary production, strengthening secondary production and upgrading tertiary production"?

Urumqi, a beautiful and rich border town and the strategic center city of China's western development in 2 1 century, is attracting more and more attention and becoming a stage for investors at home and abroad to display their talents in development and construction. It will certainly play an increasingly important role in promoting Xinjiang's economic development and even the revitalization of the western region.