What is the highest surface temperature of Flame Mountain? What is the main reason for the extreme heat in Flame Mountain?

1, the highest surface temperature of the Flame Mountain has reached a horrible 88℃.

2. "Turpan" is located in the heart of Eurasia, deep inland, far away from the ocean, surrounded by a large area of arid areas, sandwiched between Bogda Mountain and Kuruktag Mountain in the eastern Tianshan Mountains, forming a famous Turpan-Hami subsidence basin. Turpan is far away from the ocean, so the moist air mass of the ocean cannot enter, and the Atlantic water vapor in the west is blocked by Tianshan Mountain. Its terrain is too low, the height difference between the mountain and the basin exceeds 5600 meters in a short distance, and the foehn effect caused by the sinking and warming of the airflow makes it dry and hot.

Therefore, it is called "Fire Island". Because of the bare mountains and vegetation, the Gobi desert has a large area, long sunshine time, rapid temperature rise during the day, and the basin is too low to lose hot air, which forms this extremely hot zone. The temperature in the flaming mountain area can reach 47℃ in summer, and it often exceeds 80℃ under direct sunlight, and the sand surface can bake eggs.

Extended data

The mountain of fire

Xinjiang Flame Mountain is the most famous scenic spot in Turpan. Located in the northern margin of Turpan Basin, north of the ancient Silk Road, Mesozoic is mainly composed of Jurassic, Cretaceous and Tertiary songkhla red sandstone, conglomerate and mudstone. The locals call it "Qizil Tage", which means "Red Mountain".

Flame Mountain, called Chishi Mountain in ancient times, is located in the northern edge of Turpan Basin, north of the ancient Silk Road. East-west direction. The Flame Mountain is called "Qizil Tage" in Uygur language, which means "Red Mountain". The Tang people once called it "volcano" because it was very hot. The length of the mountain is 100 km, the widest point is 10 km, and the elevation is about 500 meters. The elevation of the main peak is 83 1.7 meters. The flaming mountain, the mountains and the mountains, the grass is barren and the birds' songs disappear. In midsummer, the red sun is in the sky, the reddish-brown mountain is brightly illuminated by the scorching sun, the sand and gravel are burning and flashing, and the hot airflow is rolling up like a flaming flame, so it is also called the Flame Mountain.

Flame Mountain is the hottest place in China. The highest temperature in summer is as high as 47.8 degrees Celsius, and the highest temperature on the surface is as high as 89 degrees Celsius. Eggs can be baked in the sand nest. Turpan is a typical continental arid desert climate. Although the annual average temperature is only 14.5℃,

The number of days above 35℃ is more than 100, and even the extremely hot weather above 38℃ is as many as 38 days. The absolute maximum temperature measured for many years is 49.6℃( 1975 07 13), and the surface temperature can reach 89℃, which is a veritable "China hot pole". The average annual precipitation in Huozhou is only 16mm, accounting for half in summer, while the annual precipitation in Toksun is only 5.9mm. It is not surprising that it doesn't rain all the year round, so it can be called "China dry pole".

There are many scenic spots in Flame Mountain, such as Shantou Mountain, Ladder, Thousand-Buddha Cave, Suspension Bridge, Muhammad Academy, Wanfoshan and so on.

In stark contrast to the barren hills of Flame Mountain, the valleys that pass through the mountains are mostly clear springs, which are shaded by trees and form long and narrow oases. Among them, the most famous valley is Grape Valley, in addition to Taoergou, Mutou, Tuyugou, Lianmuqin and Supogou.

It should be noted that spontaneous combustion of coal seams is not uncommon in Xinjiang. Today, the Sulphur Ditch coalfield, 42 kilometers away from Urumqi, has been "fractured vertically and horizontally, filled with smoke, and the flames between rocks roar all the year round." It has been 1 10 for many years now (20 19). This coalfield fire area lasted for four years (1999 -2003) and was extinguished in 2003. "Tianshan Mountain is a region with strong geological activities. After many geological movements, most of the horizontal coal seams buried in the stratum have become inclined coal seams. After the coal seam is exposed, it contacts with the air, accumulates heat after oxidation, and the temperature rises, causing spontaneous combustion, which eventually leads to coalfield fires. "

The nursery engineer, who is in charge of engineering technology in the fire area of Liuzigou coalfield, explained this. The heat and dryness of Flame Mountain are attributed to the unique natural and geographical conditions here. In fact, the Flame Mountain is a branch of Tianshan Mountain, which was formed during the Himalayan movement 50 million to 60 million years ago. For thousands of years, numerous fold belts left by the lateral movement of the earth's crust and the wind erosion and rain stripping of nature have formed the ups and downs and vertical and horizontal gullies of the Flame Mountain. In summer in mountainous areas, the temperature can reach 47℃, the direct sunlight can reach 80℃, and the sand surface can bake cooked eggs.

Tuyugou Mazha villagers' residence. Most of the houses in the Flame Mountain area are semi-cellar-style, and half of them are buried underground. Adobe with fast heat dissipation has always been the main local building material.

Turpan is the lowest place in Uyghur language. Located in the heart of Eurasia, deep inland, far from the ocean, surrounded by a large area of arid areas, sandwiched between Bogda Mountain and Kuruktag Mountain in the eastern Tianshan Mountains, the famous Tuha subsidence basin has been formed.

Because the climate is extremely dry, the ability of flowing water to transport materials is very weak, there is little hydraulic accumulation in the basin, and the flaming mountain traverses the north-central part of the basin. The blocking effect makes it difficult for the weathered materials eroded by flowing water in Tianshan Mountain to enter the center of the basin, and the basin naturally becomes lower and lower after falling. Turpan is far away from the ocean, and the moist air mass of the ocean cannot enter. The Atlantic Ocean comes from the west.

The water vapor was blocked by Tianshan Mountain again. Its terrain is too low, the height difference between the mountain and the basin exceeds 5600 meters in a short distance, and the foehn effect caused by the sinking and warming of the airflow makes it dry and hot. Therefore, it is called "Fire Island". Because of the exposed mountains and vegetation, the Gobi desert has a large area, long sunshine time, rapid temperature rise during the day, too low basin, and hot air is not easy to be lost, forming the only hot stove in the world above the 42 north latitude line.

Today, the Flame Mountain still stands in the north of Turpan Basin, stretching for more than 100 kilometers, with a width of 10 kilometers and an altitude of more than 500 meters. It is called "the mountain burning with fire" in Shan Hai Jing, and it is called "Kiziltak" in Uygur language, which means Hongshan. It was called "Chishi Mountain" in Sui and Tang Dynasties.

The flaming mountain is criss-crossed, winding and barren. In hot summer, the exposed surface temperature under the sun baking can reach 75℃, and the heat wave is rolling, which makes people breathless. Due to the relative horizontal accumulation of strata and the alternation of soft and hard strata, gullies are formed along the slope under the long-term erosion of rainwater. The material eroded by the mountain forms a red alluvial fan skirt in front of the foothills, and the front edge of the fan skirt forms numerous polygonal cracks in the arid environment, which is particularly eye-catching.

Although the high temperature is unbearable, Flame Mountain is a natural underground reservoir dam. It is precisely because the center of the Flame Mountain blocked the groundwater seeping from the Gobi gravel belt, raised the groundwater level, and formed a phreatic overflow zone on the northern edge of the mountain, with many springs exposed, which moistened several oases such as Shanshan, Lianmuqin and Subhas, thus creating life in this area.

Reference source: Baidu Encyclopedia-Flame Mountain