Read the material and complete the following questions. Storm surge is a kind of marine disaster, which has the characteristics of fierce, fast, strong and destructive power, and can wash away seawate

Read the material and complete the following questions. Storm surge is a kind of marine disaster, which has the characteristics of fierce, fast, strong and destructive power, and can wash away seawater.

(1) tropical cyclone (typhoon); (2 points) extratropical cyclone (2 points)

(2) Type: typhoon storm surge (or tropical cyclone storm surge) (2 points)

Spatial distribution characteristics: (2 points)

(3) Typhoon storm surges mostly occur in summer and autumn (1); Temperate storm surges are mostly in spring and autumn (1).

Test analysis:

Question (1): Storm surge is an abnormal rise of sea level caused by disastrous weather systems such as tropical cyclones (mainly including typhoons, strong tropical storms and tropical storms) or temperate cyclones (cold waves).

Question (2), according to the characteristics of weather systems that induce storm surges, is usually divided into two categories: typhoon storm surges caused by typhoons and temperate storm surges caused by temperate cyclones. The type of storm surge in Hainan is typhoon storm surge, which is mainly distributed in the southeast coast of Hainan Island.

Question (3): Typhoon storm surges are common in summer and autumn. They are characterized by fierce strength, high speed, great strength and strong destructive power. Typhoon storm surges occur in all marine countries and coastal areas affected by typhoons. Temperate storm surges mostly occur in spring and autumn, and also occur in summer. Its characteristics are: the process of increasing water is relatively stable, and the height of increasing water is lower than that of typhoon storm surge.

Comments: This question is more difficult and can be answered by combining the knowledge learned in the textbook. In addition, the causes, types, occurrence time, characteristics, disaster prevention and mitigation measures of major natural disasters can be memorized in a list for emergency use.