Knowledge points and feelings of each section in the next semester of geography in Grade One (feelings need 600 words). Don't gossip

Section 1 Japan

I. Island countries with many volcanoes and earthquakes

1. Location: the west coast of the Pacific Ocean, eastern Asia and eastern China.

1, the geographical location of Japan

Latitude and longitude position; Land and sea locations; Adjacent position;

2, the scope of Japan (composition)

Honshu, Hokkaido, Shikoku, Kyushu and surrounding islands.

3. The area and population are 377,000 square kilometers, 6,543.8+27 million.

450 Newton

Korea Sea of Japan

1250E—— 1450E Pacific Ocean

Korean Straits

China

Donghai 250N

4. What is the impact of Japan's geographical location on the climate and economy?

Latitude position → North temperate zone and subtropical monsoon climate

Land and sea location → Island country has a lot of climate and precipitation, marine characteristics, winding coastline and many excellent harbors. → Fisheries, shipbuilding, shipping and foreign economic relations

Mount Fuji is a symbol of Japan and an active volcano.

Japan is an island country with many volcanoes and earthquakes.

Activity: P 19 figure 7.4,

Compare the latitude and longitude ranges spanned by Japan and Britain?

Which country is bigger? Environmental complexity?

Japan has a large latitude and longitude span and a large land area.

Japan: 377,905 square kilometers, Britain: 2429 10 square kilometers.

Japan's terrain is complex: mainly mountainous and hilly, with narrow plains; Many volcanoes and earthquakes.

7. Look at the picture below. Which famous mountain in Japan is it? Describe its scenery

It is the highest peak in Japan-Mount Fuji ("Holy Mountain"), a famous active volcano. This is a famous tourist attraction.

8. Read the picture on the right and explain why there are many mountains, volcanoes and earthquakes in Japan.

Japan is located at the junction of the Eurasian plate and the Pacific plate, on the volcanic seismic belt around the Pacific Ocean. During the collision and compression of two plates, the crust is unstable and there are many volcanoes and earthquakes.

9. Discuss that volcanoes bring disasters and can benefit mankind?

When the volcano erupted, a large amount of volcanic ash fell. But during the inactive period of volcano, volcanic ash differentiated into fertile soil; Various landforms formed by volcanic magma flow have become a big landscape; Craters often form lakes; Volcanic distribution areas are often rich in geothermal resources and many hot springs.

10. There are many earthquakes in Japan. How can Japanese people prevent or reduce the harm caused by earthquakes?

(1) Strengthen the research of earthquake science and improve the accuracy of earthquake prediction.

(2) Japanese-style houses: traditional houses mostly use light building materials, and modern buildings add anti-seismic facilities.

(3) Strengthen the earthquake-resistant education of the whole people and enhance the people's viability.

Seven secrets of Japan becoming the second largest economic power in the world

The best quality products in the world

A thrifty citizen

Elite officials

Mass production of high-quality products

Three people unite as one.

Take the company as home

learn from each other

Second, a developed processing trade economy.

1, Japan's economic characteristics The economy is very developed and it is a world economic power.

2, Japan's industrial types import-processing-export

3. Read P22 reading materials to explain the reasons for Japan's economic development.

1) Japan uses the recovery of the world economy to introduce technology to develop its industry;

2) Attach importance to education, rely on science and technology, and have abundant labor resources;

3) The advantages of many excellent ports in the island country are conducive to maritime transportation.

4. Reading materials, the following picture and textbook P2 1 Figure 7. 8. What are the main sectors of the Japanese economy?

The Japanese economy is dominated by processing trade. It relies heavily on foreign countries and needs to import a lot of raw materials such as coal and iron ore.

Three major industries in Japan

Primary industry: 2% secondary industry: 37% tertiary industry: 6 1%

5. Looking at the picture above, Japan needs to import raw materials and fuels in addition to wood; It shows that mineral resources are poor.

6. The main sources of industrial raw materials in Japan:

Oil-Middle East, iron ore-Australia, Brazil; Copper-Chile, Canada; Coal-China.

7. Look at the picture above, the main sales places of Japanese industrial products.

America, Western Europe, Southeast Asia, Middle East and other places.

8. Japan's industrial layout and industrial zones

Japan's industries are concentrated in: Pacific coast and Seto inland sea area.

The main industrial zones are: Keihin Industrial Zone, Nagoya Industrial Zone, Hanshin Industrial Zone, Kitakyushu Industrial Zone and Seto Inland Sea Industrial Zone.

9. Analyze the main reasons for the centralized distribution of Japanese industries.

Export processing economy →B favorable conditions along the Pacific coast → A factory is close to the dock, with convenient land transportation.

→D

→ C Coastal plains are concentrated, and the price of land reclamation is low.

→ High industrial economic benefits

Activity: Discuss what will happen to Japan's economic development. What is the impact on economic development? How to solve it?

Japan's economy is heavily dependent on foreign countries → reducing its economic competitiveness → being greatly influenced by the world economy.

Shortage of land and water resources, serious industrial pollution, high wages of workers → accelerating the expansion of overseas investment.

The development of high-tech industries is slow. → Increase state support.

Section 2 Southeast Asia

I. Location of the intersection

1 Location: Southeast Asia

2. Composition: zhina Peninsula and Malay Archipelago.

3. Intersection: Pacific-Indian Ocean, Asia-Oceania

4. The importance of the Straits of Malacca:

It is the only place to sail eastward from Europe and Africa to ports in Southeast Asia and East Asia, and it is an important sea passage connecting the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean.

Second, tropical climate and agricultural production.

1, climate type in Southeast Asia

Mainly tropical monsoon and tropical rain forest.

Mainly distributed in Indo-China Peninsula and Indian Peninsula, mainly distributed in Malay Archipelago.

2. Main crops: rice

3. Main cash crops: Tropical cash crop base Southeast Asia is the largest producer of rubber, oil palm, coconut and flax.

Third, mountains and rivers and urban distribution

1. Mountains and rivers are staggered, with abundant energy in the upper reaches and fertile plains in the lower reaches.

2. Cities are distributed along the river. 3. Find Irrawaddy River, salween, Chao Phraya River, Mekong River and Red River.

The name of the big river near the city.

Red River in Hanoi, Vietnam

Phnom Penh Mekong Cambodia

Vientiane Mekong River in Laos

Chao phraya River, Bangkok, Thailand

Irrawaddy River in Yangon, Myanmar

4. Areas where overseas Chinese are concentrated

1, which is the most concentrated area for overseas Chinese. 2. China people: they have obtained the nationality of the host country. 3. Overseas Chinese: China nationality is still retained.

Section 2 Russia

Currency: ruble

White: the cold zone is snowy all year round;

Blue: sub-cold climate zone, symbolizing rich underground mineral deposits and natural resources such as forests and hydropower;

Red: the symbol of temperate zone.

Section 3 Section 1 Middle East

Long-term hotspot

Land of five seas and three continents

Abundant oil resources

Scarce water resources

cultural difference

The position of the Middle East in the world

16- 17 when European countries expand eastward, according to the distance

Near and far, some countries are divided into Near East, Middle East and Far East.

According to the statistics of the United Nations, there are 20 countries with the most water shortage in the world. They are Malta, Qatar, Kuwait, Libya, Bahrain, Singapore, Barbados, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Yemen, Israel, Tunisia, Algeria, Burundi, Cape Verde, Oman, United Arab Emirates, Egypt and Kenya. More than 300 million people are facing serious water shortage.

Section 2 Western Europe

I. Areas where developed countries are concentrated

1. Location: located in western Europe. 2. Area and population: about 5 million square kilometers. Population: about 3. There are many countries, dense population and developed economy.

European Union

(1) is a regional international organization, referred to as the European Union.

(2) The 25 member countries are all economically developed countries.

(3) The foundation for the establishment of the EU:

The geographical location is similar, the economic base is similar, and the development level is equivalent.

(4) The result, function and influence of the establishment of the European Union:

Expand the economic market, reduce costs and reduce cumbersome procedures,

Promote the development of science and technology, promote the development of domestic and foreign trade,

Enhance the strength of countries in world politics and diplomacy.

Member States of European Union

Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany,

Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and Britain.

65,438+00 Eastern European countries newly joining the EU: Hungary, Poland, Czech Republic, Slovenia, Slovakia, Estonia, Lithuania,

Malta and Cyprus.

The economic status of the European Union in the world has formed a tripartite confrontation with the United States and Japan.

1, industrial distribution in the EU:

From England to Poland,

From Scandinavia

Go to southern Italy

be world-famous

Industrial intensive area

Western Europe is the birthplace of industrial revolution.

3. Manufacturing industry: refers to the industry that processes raw materials into products.

4. Developed countries: complete industrial categories, with high-tech products as the mainstay of foreign economic relations and trade.

Developing countries: single economy (Malaysia), poor resources (Nepal) and large population (India)

5. The relationship between GDP and manufacturing population in different countries: GDP in developed countries is high.

_ _ _, the population engaged in manufacturing is _ _ _ _; The GDP of developing countries is low and the number of people engaged in manufacturing is small.

Fourth, traditional animal husbandry.

1, the general terrain of western Europe

The terrain is low and flat, with mountains in the north and south and a vast plain in the middle.

2. Climate in Western Europe

1) most of western Europe is located in temperate zone; 2) The climate is mainly maritime.

Temperate maritime climate: it is mild and humid all year round, which is conducive to the growth of juicy forage and suitable for animal husbandry production.

3. Western European livestock countries: Britain, France, Netherlands and Denmark.

4. The relationship between diet and natural environment

5, dairy production process

Verb (abbreviation of verb) Prosperous tourism: beaches, mountains, pastures and human environment.

Section III Sub-Saharan Africa

The hometown of blacks, a single commodity-oriented economy, population, food and environment

The topography of the plateau in sub-Saharan Africa is dominant.

Ethiopia Plateau, East Africa Plateau and South Africa Plateau

Congo basin

Cape of Good Hope on Mount Kilimanjaro in the Rift Valley of East Africa.

Hometown of black people

Hometown of black people

90% of the population in sub-Saharan Africa is black.

The history of civilization in 2000

Rich and colorful national culture and art

Economy based on single commodity

Unequal trade exchange

The climate of sub-Saharan Africa

The typical feature of the tropical grassland climate is the obvious dry and wet seasons.

8.4 Australia

Low-level marsupials-kangaroos and wombats belong to the primitive suborder after beasts. The monotremes that lay eggs belong to primitive protozoa, and they are all rare animals unique to Australia. Among the 3 1 genera of mammals, 28 genera are endemic, more than 450 species of more than 650 species of birds are endemic, and half of insects are endemic. Of the 12049 plants, 9086 (75%) are endemic to Australia. Eucalyptus, widely distributed in China, is not found in other continents, and it is also a typical representative of Australian natural landscape.

I. World Museum of Living Fossils

The country with the largest number of sheep

1999 people:18.75 million sheep:1500,000.

The number of sheep ranks first in the world, the output of wool ranks first in the world, the export of wool ranks first in the world and the output of mutton ranks first in the world.

The country of "riding on the back of sheep"

Flat terrain: The central plain (great basin, Australia) has a suitable climate: tropical grasslands are widely distributed.

Vast grassland: a large area of tropical grassland is rich in drinking water; Great artesian basin (rich in groundwater)

Excellent breed: Merino sheep has no natural enemies: no wild carnivores.

The country of "riding a mine car"

The world's major exporters of mineral products: coal: half of the output is exported, mainly to Japan and other countries.

Iron: The reserves are the fourth in the world and the export volume is the first in the world. Mainly exported to Western Europe, Japan and China.

United States of America

50 white five-pointed stars: representing 50 states in the United States.

Seven red and six white stripes: representing the original thirteen states of the United States.

Red symbolizes strength and courage, white symbolizes purity and innocence, and blue symbolizes vigilance, perseverance and justice.

The Hawaiian Islands are called "the cutest island fleet" by the famous American writer Mark Twain.

The United States is rich in natural resources and has unique conditions for developing agriculture.

The local climate is north temperate and subtropical, tropical at the southern tip of Florida, continental in sub-frigid zone in Alaska and tropical maritime in Hawaii.

Most parts of the country have abundant rainfall, which is evenly distributed, with an average annual rainfall of 760mm.

The amount of land, grassland and forest resources ranks among the top in the world. The soil is fertile, and the plains below 500 meters above sea level account for 55% of the land area, which is conducive to mechanized farming and scale management of agriculture. The cultivated land area in the United States accounts for about 20% of the total land area.

Third, modern agriculture in the United States is highly modernized; Agricultural products are extremely rich-the world's largest exporter of agricultural products (wheat, soybeans, corn, etc.). ), a typical distribution area of commodity agriculture, with high commodity rate; High degree of mechanization; Regional production specialization

Advantages of developing industry: abundant natural resources; Developed transportation (railways, highways, inland rivers, lakes and sea and air transportation extending in all directions); Strong scientific and technological strength (many famous schools in the world); The market economy environment is good.

Major industrial products rank among the top in the world, such as petroleum (ExxonMobil, Chevron-Texaco), electronic products (General Motors, Dell, Hewlett-Packard, Intel), chemical products, automobiles (General Motors, Ford, Daimler-Chrysler) and airplanes (Boeing).

The research and development of information technology ("information superhighway"), space technology (moon landing, space shuttle, international space station, landing on Mars, Hubble telescope), bioengineering technology (transgenic technology) and nuclear energy utilization (atomic bomb, nuclear power plant) all occupy the leading position in the world.

Northeast China

the west

south

Major departments

Steel, automobile, chemistry

Electronics, aircraft, precision machinery

Petroleum, aircraft, aerospace

Important city

Chicago, new york, Pittsburgh, Detroit

San Francisco, Los Angeles

Houston

The largest city and seaport in the United States, and one of the four largest financial centers in the world (new york, London, Zurich and Hongkong)-new york.

The largest port city and economic and cultural center on the Pacific coast of the United States; "Movie Capital of the World"-Hollywood and "Entertainment Paradise"-the location of Disneyland

2. The main factors stimulating the rise of "Silicon Valley" 1) Superior geographical location and beautiful environment 2) Pleasant Mediterranean climate.

3) There are institutions of higher learning (science and technology), and the key role of Stanford University is 4) Convenient transportation 5) Military orders (market).

Washington, DC-the capital of the United States, located in the District of Columbia, is the political center of the country.

New york-the largest city, the largest seaport and financial center in the United States.

San Francisco is one of the financial, trade, educational and cultural centers along the Pacific coast of the United States. The largest high-tech industrial zone in the world

Los Angeles-the largest port, city and economic and cultural center along the Pacific coast.

Seattle-American Aircraft Manufacturing Center

Chicago-American Railway Transportation Center

Detroit-the center of American automobile industry

Houston-American Petroleum Industry and Space Center

Pittsburgh-American Steel Industry Center

Walk into bath

Eat-Roast Beef State Banquet-Roast Beef Brazil's pasture area is three times that of cultivated land, and the vast pasture is a good condition for developing animal husbandry. The number of cattle raised and beef production rank second in the world. Since 1980, Brazil has achieved one cow per capita.

Drinks-coffee, orange juice-playing football and samba-sightseeing.