How are typhoons named, such as "Meg" and "Mai Sha"? Where does the word "typhoon" come from?

wang yuping

Starting this year, people will hear the words "Dragon King", "Wukong", "Fengshen", "Poseidon" and "Dian Mu" in the typhoon weather forecast. These are the new tropical cyclone names that China began to use when releasing the weather information of typhoon 1 2000. It adds a vivid and romantic color to the serious and rigid meteorological technology.

Typhoon and hurricane are both strong gas vortices over tropical oceans, and they have different names because of their different regions. Strong tropical cyclones appearing in the northwest Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea are called "typhoons"; Hurricanes occur in the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean Sea and the eastern North Pacific Ocean.

Giving typhoon a friendly name is a masterpiece of an American writer. 194 1 year, a meteorologist described how a typhoon named Maria produced, developed and changed people's lives when it hit the United States in a novel called The Storm, taking girls he knew as fun.

During World War II, the US military named typhoons in this way. The first typhoon in a year has a girl's name beginning with the letter A, and the second typhoon has a girl's name beginning with the letter B, arranged alphabetically until W.

Before 1950, the US Meteorological Administration didn't name the typhoon, but in a week in June that year, three typhoons came at the same time, which made people confused, and people sometimes couldn't figure out which typhoon to predict. So at 195 1, the Meteorological Bureau began to name typhoons in alphabetical order. 1952 decided to give each typhoon a girl's name alphabetically. The first list is: Alice Alice, Barbana Barbona, Carol Carol ... Wallis Wallis.

When newspapers and radio reports the arrival of a typhoon named Holly and its disaster, those girls named Holly may be laughed at by her friends. In order to eliminate the trouble, the Meteorological Bureau solemnly announced that "the typhoon and some girls have the same name by accident".

However, it is said that two names were deliberately chosen. One is ORPHA, which is the name of a girl who works in the meteorological bureau. The other is the famous WINOSOR, for which the king of England gave up the throne.

Some girls are very angry because of the same name as the typhoon, and often complain to the Meteorological Bureau. However, more girls are proud to see their names in the headlines, but they don't mind sharing the same name with the devastating typhoon. Because of this, the US Weather Service continued to decide to use this method-naming typhoons after girls.

In the Asia-Pacific region, typhoon numbering method was mostly used in the past. Like Tiffany's. 890 1 refers to a tropical cyclone that first appeared in the northwest Pacific Ocean or the South China Sea and Beibu Gulf to the west of 180 degrees east longitude and north of the equator in 1989, and the average maximum wind force near its center reached 12 or above.

With the rapid rise of economy and national pride in the Asia-Pacific region, people urgently need to name typhoons in Asian style.

1 997165438+125 October to12 February/0/day, the 30th meeting of the Typhoon Committee of the World Meteorological Organization held in Hongkong, China decided to set up a research coordination group to organize the naming of tropical cyclones in the western Pacific and the South China Sea. Naming methods: Cambodia, China, North Korea, China, China, Hong Kong, Japan, Laos, China, Macau, Malaysia, Micronesia (Federated States of), Philippines, South Korea, Thailand, the United States and Vietnam each provide 10 tropical cyclone names, and each name is required to be no more than 9 letters long; The name used is easy to pronounce, has no bad meaning in the language of member countries, and cannot use the name of commercial organization; The name of tropical cyclone 140 was added, and it was put into use on 10/day in 2000. At the same time, in order to take care of habits and facilitate the internal business of meteorological departments, tropical cyclone numbers are still used. In order to avoid confusion, the number of tropical cyclones entering the northwest Pacific through the international international date line is not given a new name in the Asia-Pacific region, that is, the original name remains unchanged.

The names of 10 provided by China are: Dragon King, Jade Rabbit, Fengshen, Rhododendron, Hippocampus, Wukong, Haiyan, Poseidon, Dian Mu and Begonia; China and Hongkong choose Kai Tak, Iman, Phoenix, Cai Yun, Ma 'an, Shanshan, Lingling, Xinxin, Tingting and Banyan; China and Macau select pearls, butterflies, Huang Feng, Bama, plum blossom, Bebijia, thrush, lotus, agate and coral.

Tropical cyclone 1 in 2000 was named "Davi" and provided by Cambodia; The name of Tropical Cyclone No.2 is the "Dragon King" of China; No.3 is the "red rock" provided by North Korea; Then, according to the pre-arranged name order, and so on.

Typhoon naming method has been further expanded and applied in the Asia-Pacific region; This is a gift from the meteorological department to the society in the new millennium. With the arrival of "Dragon King", "Wukong", "Jade Rabbit", "Rhododendron" and "Butterfly" endowed with new missions, people feel the closeness between man and nature while resisting the storm, showing the perfect combination of science and art.