Who's Liu Bowen?

Liu Ji (1311July1-kloc-0/375 April 16). Han nationality, born in Yuan Wuzong for four years (13 1 1), is located in Wuyang Village, Nantianshan, qingtian county, Chuzhou Road, Jiangsu and Zhejiang Province (now, Wuyang Village in Nantianshan was transferred to Wenzhou wencheng county in 1948). Military strategists, politicians and writers at the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty were familiar with classics and history, were familiar with astronomy and made good use of the method of selecting soldiers. He assisted Zhu Yuanzhang to complete the imperial industry, founded the Ming Dynasty, and tried his best to maintain the stability of the country, so he was famous all over the world and was compared to Zhuge Liang by later generations. Zhu Yuanzhang repeatedly called Liu Ji: "My ovary is also." Liu Bowen was exceptionally clever and gifted from an early age. Influenced by his family, he has been studious and understanding since childhood. He likes reading books and is very familiar with Confucian classics and books of a hundred schools of thought contend. Especially for astronomy, geography, the art of war, and the number of tricks, I have devoted myself to research and accumulated a lot of experience. He has a good memory. He reads from line to line. And the writing is wonderful, and the articles written are also extraordinary. /kloc-when he was 0/4 years old, he went to counties to study Chunqiu. /kloc-at the age of 0/7, he studied Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming Dynasties with Zheng Fuchu, a famous scholar in counties and counties, and actively prepared for the imperial examination. With natural endowments and acquired efforts, young Liu Bowen quickly stood out in the local area, became a great talent and celebrity in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, and began to attract the attention of the world. His teacher, Zheng Fuchu, once said to Liu Bowen's grandfather, "This child will definitely shine at your door one day and revitalize the Liu family!" Zhao, a famous scholar in West Shu, ranked Liu Bowen as the first when commenting on Jiang Zuo's characters, and compared him with him, saying that Liu Bowen will become a great tool to save time one day. Liu Bowen is really the best among people. In the first year of Tong Yuan (1339), he entered the official career and began his wonderful performance on the historical stage of China. At first, Liu Bowen hoped to work for the Yuan government and realize his great ambition by being an official. Shortly after entering Jinshi, he was appointed as Cheng of Gaoan County, Jiangxi Province, and later served as Marshal House. However, his suggestions are often not adopted by the court, and his talents are suppressed by the court. Liu Bowen was very disappointed. He resigned angrily for three times and returned to his hometown Qingtian to live in seclusion. During his seclusion in Qingtian, Liu Bowen devoted himself to writing. He summed up his thoughts and opinions on society and life, and created the famous Yu Lun. At this time, the situation of the whole country has undergone fundamental changes. Anti-Yuan uprisings are surging all over the country, and the rule of the Yuan Dynasty is crumbling, but the anti-Yuan rebels are at odds. Liu Bowen observed the situation in the world, and after some analysis, he thought that among many uprising troops, Ming Taizu, a civilian, had the most true spirit of the son of heaven, and a Red Scarf Army led by him was the team that overthrew the Yuan Dynasty and established a new country. In A.D. 1360, Ming Taizu, commander-in-chief of the Rebel Army, twice invited Liu Bowen, who lived in seclusion in Qingtian. After careful consideration, Liu Bowen finally decided to send troops to help, hoping to realize his grand ambition of governing the country and leveling the world by helping Zhu Lai. Similar to Zhuge Liang's "Longzhong Dui", when Liu Bowen first met Zhu, he put forward "eighteen strategies for current affairs". When Ming Taizu saw Liu Bowen, he was overjoyed. From then on, he regarded Liu Bowen as his confidant and strategist. After Liu Bowen came out of the mountain, he faithfully served the Zhu regime and actively made suggestions. He formulated the strategic policy of "destroying Chen Youliang first, then Zhang Shicheng, and then moving northward to the Central Plains to unify the whole country" for the Zhu family. And Ming Taizu has received assistance from Liu Bowen, which is even worse. He basically acted according to the strategy and tactics set by Liu Bowen. First, he defeated Chen Youliang by luring the enemy, and then he fought Chen in Poyang Lake in 1363, completely destroying his power. In the second year, Zhang Shicheng's power was eliminated as planned. Then, Ming Taizu sent troops north to attack Beijing, the capital of the Yuan Dynasty, and prepared to claim the title of emperor in the south. In A.D. 1368, Ming Taizu ascended the throne and proclaimed himself emperor in Nanjing, formally establishing the Ming Dynasty and changing the Yuan Dynasty to "Hongwu". As one of the founding fathers, Liu Ji made great contributions to Zhu's final pacification of the world and the establishment of the dynasty, and was appointed as an imperial envoy. In recognition of Liu Bowen's special contribution and great achievements, Ming Taizu also issued a letter to exempt Liu Bowen's hometown of qingtian county from taxes. This is the only county in Chuzhou that does not increase taxes. Soon after, Liu Bowen's grandfather and father were made Duke of Yongxi. In the third year of Hongwu (1370), Liu Bowen was appointed as a bachelor of Hong Wen Pavilion, and was awarded the positions of "founding the country, keeping the culture, being a minister, being a good doctor and protecting the army", and was awarded the title of Zhicheng Bo with a salary of 24 1 stone. At this time, Liu Bowen's own career and the development of the Liu family in Qingtian were in full swing, reaching the most brilliant heyday. As a generation of strategist and wise man, Liu Bowen knew that he hated evil at ordinary times and offended many colleagues and dignitaries. At the same time, he knows the truth that "a companion is like a tiger". Therefore, after his success, he resolutely chose to retire from the torrent. Hongwu four years (137 1), voluntarily resigned from all posts, retired to his hometown, and returned to Qingtian for seclusion. Liu Bowen lived in seclusion in Qingtian for two years, hoping to stay away from the dispute between right and wrong. However, his wisdom and talent are too high and his reputation is too great. He was even rendered immortal by folk people, and could not avoid the jealousy of his political opponents and the suspicion of the emperor. In the sixth year of Hongwu (1373), Liu Bowen's political opponent Hu became the left prime minister, instructing others to falsely accuse Liu Bowen, saying that he would occupy a piece of "Wang Dao" land called "Yang Ming" as his grave, with no good intentions. Ming Taizu, who has been uneasy about Liu Bowen for a long time, was indeed deprived of Liu Bowen's seal after hearing this false accusation. Liu Bowen was so scared that he went to Nanjing to apologize to Ming Taizu himself and stayed in Nanjing, afraid to come back. Later, Hu was promoted to the right prime minister. Hu is the biggest traitor in the world, which can be compared with him. Liu Bowen was more worried and finally got sick. In the eighth year of Hongwu (1375), Liu Bowen, who was ill, was escorted home by an envoy sent by Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of Ming Dynasty, and died of grief at home soon, at the age of 65. When Liu Bowen was in Nanking, Hu sent a doctor to treat Liu Bowen, but Liu Bowen's condition got worse after taking the medicine. Therefore, people suspected that Liu Bowen was poisoned by Hu at that time. After his death 139 years, that is, the ninth year of Zheng Dejun (15 14), he was posthumously named as a Taishi, posthumous title Wencheng, so later people called him Liu Wencheng. Wencheng county is a new county separated from 1948. The county name is in memory of Liu Ji. Liu Bowen is not only a master of strategy, but also a famous scholar and scholar. He has many works, including Residual Ion (10) and Selected Works of Chengbo (20). One of them is. Yu Lun occupies an important position in the history of China's thought and literature. Liu Bowen was buried in Xiashan, Wuyang, Qingtian after his death. It is said that before he died, Liu Bowen predicted that Hu would fail and then be rehabilitated. He also left a secret letter for his son to play again when Ming Taizu remembered himself in the future. Five years later, it really collapsed. After another 10 year, Liu Bowen was indeed rehabilitated. Ming Taizu also gave the Liu family a principal book and an iron coupon, which saved the Liu family members from capital punishment. Liu Bowen gained the upper hand in the struggle with Li Shanchang, the leader of Huaixi School, but he was eventually victimized by the traitor Hu, Li Shanchang's confidant. Liu Ji, nicknamed Bowen, is resourceful, thoughtful and unpredictable. He was Zhu Yuanzhang's first counselor to win the world and establish the Ming Dynasty. Zhu Yuanzhang called Liu Ji "my ovary" many times. . However, after the founding of the Ming Dynasty, Liu Ji was only given the second-class title-sincerity. Although he enforced the law like a mountain and gained the upper hand in the struggle with Li Shanchang, the leader of Huaixi School, he was eventually victimized by Li Shanchang's confidant traitor Hu. Behind all this, there is always an invisible hand dominating his fate until the end of his life. 1, Huaixi School and Dong Zhe School started the struggle. After solving the Northern Yuan Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang formulated a series of policies aimed at restoring production and life, and achieved good results. But at this time, the contradictions within the imperial court became fierce again, and the ministers were divided into two factions and began a new struggle based on the region. These so-called factions are actually hometown associations, and everyone speaks the same dialect. The largest association under Zhu Yuanzhang was Huaixi Group, and the president should be Zhu Yuanzhang, but considering that he was also the emperor, Li Shanchang was the agent at that time. This group has a large number of people, including Li Shanchang, Guo Xing, Guo Ying, Tanghe, Zhou Dexing and the late Chang Yuchun. It can be said that these people started as Zhu Yuanzhang's team. At that time, people were proud to speak Huaixi dialect when they met. Who is Li Shanchang and why is he the first hero? This person is mainly responsible for logistics and government affairs. If Liu Ji is compared to Sean, then Li Shanchang is Xiao He. He has been working with Zhu Yuanzhang to conquer the world, and he is tired after his horse. The logistics work is not good, and he is thankless. Zhu Yuanzhang was a wise man, so after the founding of the People's Republic of China, he took Li Shanchang as the first hero and appointed him as the Prime Minister. Li Shanchang's character is generous in appearance, but narrow-minded. Whoever dares to have a hard time with him must solve each other. As the saying goes, the wicked have their own grinding. Huaixi Group soon met its rival, namely Dong Zhe Group, and its leader was Liu Ji. The two groups fought under the nose of Zhu Yuanzhang. Zhu Yuanzhang seems very interested and ready to watch a good play. 2. Liu Ji executed Bing Lin and made an enemy with Li Shanchang. Li Shanchang was regarded as the first hero by Zhu Yuanzhang. In the third year of Yu Hongwu's reign (1370), he was named Han Gong, which was remarkable, because at that time, Zhu Yuanzhang only named six Gong, and the other five were Xu Da and Chang Mao (Chang Yuchun's sons Li Wenzhong, Sheng Feng and Deng Yu). They were all killed in a pool of blood. He is also the duke's only civil servant. In contrast, Liu Ji also made great contributions to Zhu Yuanzhang's farmland, but was awarded the honor of "Earl". Intriguingly, his salary is also the lowest in Ors, with an annual salary of only 240 stones, while Li Shanchang has 4,000 stones, ten times that of Liu Jiduo. Liu Ji strategized and won thousands of miles, and played an important role in many important decisions. Why does he only get such treatment? In fact, this problem is not so difficult to explain. Zhu Yuanzhang is a man with a strong sense of place. Li Shanchang, his hometown, has only worked behind the scenes for many years, never stealing the limelight and burying his head in his work. Such a person Zhu Yuanzhang is very at ease. Relatively speaking, Liu Ji is a foreigner, and more importantly, Liu Ji's judgment on things is often more accurate than him! From the battle of Longwan to the rescue of Anfeng, Zhu Yuanzhang thought of it, and he also thought of it. Zhu Yuanzhang didn't think of it, but he did. If you were the emperor, would you allow such a person to be around? Moreover, these decisions are not the policies of daughter-in-law, but the tactics of Machiavellian tactics. Coup is very useful, and Liu Ji's larded school is also very deep. From time to time, Zhu Yuanzhang remembered that he advised himself not to save Han Liner. Who knows if he will do the same to himself in the future. Just don't kill him. Do you still want a reward? Liu Ji was clever all his life, but he also ignored this point. This also determines that it is difficult for him to become a winner in this struggle. In the first year of Hongwu, the two sides met for the first time. At that time, the supervisory organization was modeled after the imperial platform established in the Yuan Dynasty. Liu Ji was an official in the imperial history, that is to say, he was the leader of the official, and the advantage at this time was on Liu Ji's side. The trigger of this conflict was a man named Bing Lin, who was Li Shanchang's confidant. He was arrested by Liu Ji for breaking the law. After finding out the crime, Liu Ji decided to kill him. When Zhu Yuanzhang was away, Li Shanchang went to Liu Ji to intercede, but Liu Ji refused to eat hard or soft, and reported the matter to Zhu Yuanzhang. Zhu Yuanzhang was furious and ordered the immediate execution of Bing Lin. Unfortunately, this reply happened to fall into the hands of Li Shanchang. He dared not hide it, but he was furious. He thought of an excuse to save the life of his cronies. He believed that Liu Ji would not refuse his plea as long as he said this excuse. He found Liu Ji and said to him, "It hasn't rained in Beijing for a long time. Mr. Wang is familiar with astronomy and should not kill people at this time. " Li Shanchang is a wily old fox. He knew that Liu Ji knew a lot about astronomy and used it as an excuse. If Liu Ji insists on killing Bing Lin, he can blame Liu Ji for the fact that it didn't rain. There was no weather forecast at that time, and God knows when it will rain. However, Liu Ji's answer is: "If you kill Bing Lin, it will rain!" Bing Lin was killed in this way. Li Shanchang was enraged, and he began to prepare for his first counterattack. If Liu Ji dares to say so, it should be said that he is sure. He does know astronomy and meteorology, but the problem is that even today's weather forecast is sometimes inaccurate. Liu Ji is unlucky this time. It hasn't rained for a long time. When Zhu Yuanzhang came back, Li Shanchang's long-accumulated energy broke out, and he incited many people to attack Liu Ji. Zhu Yuanzhang is a wise man. He didn't embarrass Liu Ji. But Liu Ji knew that he couldn't stay here any longer, so in August of that year, he took time off and went back to his hometown. Before he left, Zhu Yuanzhang was hot-headed and wanted to build his capital in Fengyang, Anhui. At the same time, he is actively preparing for an expedition to the North Yuan. Liu Ji gave Zhu Yuanzhang his last advice. It is absolutely impossible to build Fengyang as the capital, and Beiyuan still has strong strength, so it is not appropriate to send troops easily. Later facts proved that he was right again. It should be said that Zhu Yuanzhang at that time understood Liu Ji very well. He told Liu Ji's son that all the civil servants in the Qing Dynasty were a clique, and only Liu Ji had nothing to do with them. I'm a smart man and I won't treat him badly. Zhu Yuanzhang was really fooled by Liu Ji this time. Liu Ji is not a good man or a good woman. Before he left, he had already got off his pawn-Yang Xian. Yang xian is Liu Ji's best friend. He got Liu Ji's instructions to take over the suggestion and prepare to counterattack Huaixi Group. It is not easy for Hu to walk from behind the scenes to the stage. He kept a low profile, supported Gao Jianxian and others, used the power of his official position to constantly collect black materials from Li Shanchang, and often reported to Zhu Yuanzhang that Li Shanchang had no talent or virtue and could not be entrusted with an important task. Zhu Yuanzhang was not a fool. He knew what the purpose of yang xian's remarks was. At first, he was unmoved and trusted Li Shanchang. But after a long time, he gradually had an opinion of Li Shanchang and criticized Li Shanchang. In November, Liu Ji was recalled and entrusted with an important task. Huaixi Group was completely suppressed, and Dong Zhe Group began to gain the upper hand. Dong Zhe Group is about to become the winner, and Li Shanchang is very worried. He knew that he had become the target of public criticism, and Huaixi Group was in jeopardy, so it was inconvenient to go into battle in person and openly challenge Huaixi Group. He thought about it, why not learn from Liu Ji? Find a spokesperson, but this person can't be too prestigious and easy to control. So he took a fancy to Hu, but what he didn't expect was that this choice finally sent him to the point of no return. Hu is from Li Shanchang. He followed Zhu Yuanzhang very early, but he was never satisfied. He is always a small official like a magistrate. But he is a capable man. After being approved by Li Shanchang, he became the new leader of Huaixi Group. The struggle will eventually end in his hands. There is a saying: people are not as good as heaven. Just as Dong Zhe Group was in the spring breeze, it was ready to go all out to attack Huaixi, and things changed again. Because Liu Ji's words are too direct, in our words today, he has no communication skills. Many people began to speak ill of Zhu Yuanzhang in front of him. Zhu Yuanzhang became suspicious of this resourceful first adviser, so there was a conversation that later decided Liu Ji's fate. 4. Zhu Yuanzhang talks with Liu Bowen mysteriously. On this day, Zhu Yuanzhang talked to Liu Ji alone. The two sides started a dialogue with open-minded people. As the atmosphere became more and more harmonious, Zhu Yuanzhang suddenly changed his face and asked Liu Ji in a serious tone. If Li Shanchang is replaced, who can be the prime minister? Liu Ji was very alert and immediately said, "This is up to your majesty." Zhu Yuanzhang's face was slightly better. He then asked, "What do you think of Yang Xian?" This is another trap. Zhu Yuanzhang knew that yang xian was Liu Ji's man, so he put forward this man to test Liu Ji first. Liu Ji now understands that this is an extremely dangerous conversation. If you were not careful, your head fell to the ground! He immediately replied: "Yang Xian has the ability to be a prime minister, but he can't do it without the measurement of the prime minister." But the test is far from over. Zhu Yuanzhang then asked, "What about Wang Guangyang?" This is the second trap. Wang Guangyang is not a member of Huaixi Group. Zhu Yuanzhang suspected that he was colluding with Liu Ji, so the second one proposed him. Liu Ji read the confession and replied, "This person is very shallow, so he can't." Zhu Yuanzhang looked at Liu Ji with admiration. This is a shrewd man! He said the third candidate: "What about Hu?" Liu Ji breathed a sigh of relief and said the most accurate judgment in his life: "Hu is a calf now, but he will definitely get rid of the shackles of the cow plow in the future!" After saying this, Liu Ji knew that he had passed the exam, but he was wrong. The next question was fatal. Zhu Yuanzhang finally flashed a killing trick. He said meaningfully, "My phase can only be taken by my husband." Generally, people's minds will relax after being extremely nervous, and Liu Ji is no exception. He finally made a mistake, but this time it was fatal. He replied to Zhu Yuanzhang: "It's not that I don't know that I can, but that I hate evil. The emperor will choose slowly. " This sentence is very inappropriate. He pretended to be the prime minister. He also said that he hated evil. As Liu Ji said, who is evil? Before Liu Ji's lethargy passed, he added: "These people are not suitable for me now." Zhu Yuanzhang and Liu Ji broke up. 5. Who is guilty of the death of the first counselor? From then on, Liu Ji no longer won the trust of Zhu Yuanzhang. Although I know that my position is not as good as before, I still insist on being an official in the DPRK and support Zhedong Group. But Zhu Yuanzhang is not so easy to send. In the third year of Hongwu, Zhu Yuanzhang personally wrote a letter to Liu Ji and said to him: "You are so old, you should stay at home with your wife and children. Why stay here with me? " This means I have to fire you and leave. Liu Ji had to return to the countryside. At this time, the other faction of the group lost Liu Ji's help to yang xian, and yang xian was quickly excluded by Huaixi School, and his life was at stake, so Hu made an excuse to kill him. In this struggle, Huaixi Group finally won an all-round victory. Liu Ji knew that he had failed. His only wish now is to take good care of the elderly at home and spend his life. But in this struggle, the loser must pay the price. Hu became the prime minister. He refused to let Liu Ji go and ordered his men to sue Liu Ji. At this time, Liu Ji has no official position. What can he sue? But this is a wise saying. If you want to add a crime, you can say it at any time. Liu Ji was charged with occupying a piece of royal land. The so-called kingly way is really a hard thing to define. If you say yes, there will be. If you say no, you will have nothing. It just depends on your purpose. So Zhu Yuanzhang punished Liu Ji again, and the official was gone. What else should he punish? Zhu Yuanzhang had an idea. He deducted Liu Ji's pension. Liu Ji fell into despair, but his wisdom played a role again. Instead of waiting for death, he unexpectedly returned to Beijing. This is really a trick. He knew that Zhu Yuanzhang was the fundamental reason why Hu wanted to deal with him. As long as he returns to Beijing, under the nose of Zhu Yuanzhang, he can rest assured that his life is guaranteed. But this time, he was wrong again. In the first month of the eighth year of Hongwu, Liu Ji fell ill, and Zhu Yuanzhang sent Hu to visit Liu Ji. Hu's doctor gave Liu Ji a prescription. After taking the medicine, Liu Ji became more and more ill and died soon. Regarding the cause of Liu Ji's death, after Hu was killed, the doctor confessed that Hu had instructed him to poison Liu Ji. This has also become one of Hu's crimes. Many people know that Hu and Liu Ji are enemies, and Zhu Yuanzhang also knows that he sent him to visit Liu Ji. Liu Ji, an influential person, did not dare to do it casually, otherwise he would not have let Liu Ji live happily under his nose for five years, and he probably got Zhu Yuanzhang's acquiescence. Whether Zhu Yuanzhang instigated it or not, there is no doubt that Zhu Yuanzhang was responsible for Liu Jizhi's death. Liu Ji was resourceful all his life and made great contributions to the establishment of the Ming Dynasty. He judges the situation, is thoughtful and can predict the development direction of things. Although he is really not as capable as folklore, judging from his judgment and prediction ability, it is not an excessive comment to expect things to be as good as god. Like Zhuge Liang, he has always been remembered by ordinary people as a symbol of wisdom. Hu won. With the help of Zhu Yuanzhang, he defeated Dong Zhe Group and got rid of Liu Ji, the first counselor in the world. Now that he is in power, Li Shanchang will give him some face. But is he really the final winner? The answer of history is no.