Matters needing attention in planting watermelon

Matters needing attention in watermelon planting: rational irrigation, rational fertilization, pruning to protect fruit, proper ventilation, pest control, etc. Watermelon juice is rich in water, fresh and sweet, and can produce body fluid to quench thirst. Summer is particularly popular and has the reputation of "King of Summer". It is planted for high yield and high quality.

Matters needing attention in planting watermelon

1, reasonable irrigation

Watermelon needs enough water to grow during the expansion period, but irrigation must be appropriate and even, and it can be watered once every 5-7 days. It is necessary to keep the soil dry and moist. If the soil is dry first and then wet, it is easy to crack melons, so irrigation with small amount of water should be used to keep the humidity uniform. Please note that if drip irrigation or sprinkler irrigation is used, irrigation can be carried out according to the actual situation in the shed.

2. Rational fertilization

When watermelon is planted, fertilization is too blind, and the amount of fertilization exceeds the standard, so it is impossible to realize reasonable fertilization. Usually, potassium fertilizer is not enough and nitrogen fertilizer exceeds the standard. In addition, the application of quick-acting fertilizer is excessive, the amount of organic fertilizer is insufficient or no organic fertilizer is used at all. After several years of planting in this way, the content of phosphorus in the soil exceeds the standard and the content of nitrogen and potassium is insufficient.

Step 3 Prune and leave the fruit

Watermelon is pruned with three or four vines. For example, tornadoes can be pruned with three vines, while extra-large Jingfengmibao and Jingfengmibao No.2 can be pruned with four vines, with each plant leaving 1 standard melon, preferably about 1m from the root. Close to melons, the yield is low, and many crooked melons should be removed. After the fruit grows to a certain size, it should be turned over in time, paying attention to turning along the growth direction of watermelon, and turning over one third of watermelon at a time.

4. Proper ventilation

During melon expansion, it is necessary to master the ventilation time. When the greenhouse temperature is higher than 28℃, the ventilation will end when it is lower than 26℃. It should be judged according to the growth of watermelon in greenhouse and the weather outside. When the watermelon grows vigorously, the aeration time should be prolonged to control the growth, and when the watermelon grows weakly, the aeration time should be shortened appropriately to promote the growth. When the outside temperature is high and the light is strong, the ventilation time can be appropriately extended to avoid the greenhouse temperature being too high.

5, pest control

It is mainly used to control watermelon wilt, anthracnose, virus disease, red spider, yellow cucumber, melon maggot and other pests. It is necessary to remove damaged branches, vines and seedlings in time, and use corresponding chemicals to treat watermelons.

Morphological characteristics of watermelon

The root system of 1. root watermelon is deep, the depth of main root is more than 1 m, the lateral roots extend 4-6 m, and the main root groups are distributed in the soil layer of 10-40 cm, which has strong fertilizer and water absorption capacity. The regeneration ability of roots is weak and it is not easy to recover after injury. Live broadcast is often used in production. If you transplant seedlings, you must pay attention to protecting the roots.

2, stems, leaves Watermelon stems are also called vines. The main vine grows upright in front of 5-6 leaves. When they continue to grow to a certain length of more than 30 cm, they grow on the ground because the mechanical structure is underdeveloped and cannot support their own weight. The branching ability of the stem is very strong, and it can germinate 3-4 levels of lateral branches, but the lateral branches from 3-5 leaf axils of the main vine are stronger. Adventitious roots are easily produced on the stem nodes of watermelon. The vine pressing method can promote the formation of adventitious roots, increase the absorption area, fix plants and prevent seedlings from rolling. Leaves alternate, divided into deep leaves, shallow leaves and whole leaves.

3, flowers, fruits, seeds Watermelon flowers are small yellow, monoecious, solitary in the leaf axils. Early-maturing varieties bear the first female flower in the sixth and seventh nodes of the main vine, and middle-late-maturing varieties bear the first female flower after the tenth node. The interval nodes of female flowers are 7-9 nodes. A few bisexual flowers can appear at the peak of flowering, opening in the morning and closing in the afternoon.

The fruit is oval and spherical, and the color is dark green, light green, or with black-green stripes. The flesh of melon is red, yellow and white. The seeds are black, white or red. According to the size of watermelon seeds, watermelon can also be divided into big seed watermelon, small seed watermelon and seedless watermelon. 1000-grain weight 100 g ~ 150 g, medium-grain type 40 g ~ 60 g, small-grain type 20 g ~ 25 g.