"How do sandstorms occur?" Read the answer

Sandstorm is a general term for both sandstorm and duststorm.

It refers to a severe sandstorm weather phenomenon in which strong winds blow up a large amount of sand and dust from the ground and roll it into the air, making the air extremely turbid and the horizontal visibility less than one thousand meters.

The formation of sandstorms requires these three conditions:

First, the sand and dust material on the ground. It is the material basis for the formation of sandstorms.

The second is strong wind. This is the power basis for the formation of sandstorms and the power guarantee for sandstorms to be transported over long distances.

The third is unstable air state. This is an important local thermal condition. The fact that sandstorms mostly occur in the afternoon and evening illustrates the importance of local thermal conditions.

Sandstorm weather is a highly disastrous weather that occurs in northwest China and northern North China.

It can cause house collapse, traffic and power supply obstruction or interruption, fire, human and animal casualties, etc., and pollute the natural environment. environment, destroy crop growth, and cause serious losses and great harm to the national economic construction and the safety of people's lives and property. The main hazards of sandstorms are in the following aspects:

Deterioration of the ecological environment

When sandstorms occur, sand, stones and floating dust wrapped in strong winds spread everywhere. The air in any area passing through is turbid, choking the nose and eyesight. The number of respiratory and other diseases has increased. For example, during the severe sandstorm that occurred in Jinchang City on May 5, 1993, the measured dust content in the outdoor air was 1016 mm/cubic centimeter, and the indoor dust content was 80 mm/cubic centimeter, exceeding the national dust content in living areas. 40 times the standard.

Production and life are affected

Sandstorms carry a large amount of dust that blocks the sun and light, and the weather is gloomy, resulting in reduced solar radiation. The poor visibility for several hours to more than ten hours can easily cause People feel depressed and their work and study efficiency is reduced. In mild cases, a large number of livestock can be infected with respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases. In severe cases, it can lead to the death of a large number of "spring fatigue" livestock and scrape away fertile farmland, seeds and seedlings. Sandstorms will also intensify wind erosion and desertification of surface soil, covering plant leaves with thick dust, affecting normal photosynthesis and causing crop yield reductions. The sandstorm also caused the temperature to drop sharply. The sky was like a parasol, and the ground became dark and cold under the shadow.

Loss of life and property

On May 5, 1993, severe sandstorms occurred in Jinchang City, Wuwei City, Wuwei Minqin County, Baiyin City and other cities in Gansu Province. The affected farmland was 2.5355 million acres, 42,800 trees were lost, causing direct economic losses of 236 million yuan, 85 people died, and 153 people were seriously injured. On April 12, 2000, severe sandstorms occurred in Yongchang, Jinchang, Wuwei, Minqin and other cities. According to incomplete statistics, only Jinchang and Wuwei suffered direct economic losses of 15.34 million yuan.

Affecting traffic safety

Affecting traffic safety (traffic accidents such as airplanes, trains, automobiles, etc.) Sandstorm weather often affects traffic safety, causing planes to be unable to take off or land normally, causing cars and train carriages to Broken glass, outage or derailment.

Hazardous to human health

When people are exposed to sand and dust weather, dust containing various toxic chemicals, germs, etc. can penetrate through layers of protection and enter the mouth, nose, and Eyes and ears. If these dusts containing a large amount of harmful substances are not cleaned up in time, they will cause damage to these organs or bacteria will use these organs as entry points to cause various diseases.