Distribution of climate types in Japan

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Judging from the specific conditions of different seasons and regions, Japan's climate has three main characteristics.

The four seasons are distinct and the seasonal differences are great.

Spring in Japan generally starts around February 10 and ends in mid-May, with changeable weather and less rain. Summer lasts six months, seven months and eight months. Due to the control of the Pacific subtropical high, the southeast monsoon with high temperature and high humidity affects Japan. There is a long period of sultry weather in the south of Honshu, and the precipitation on the Pacific side, that is, "Japan", is relatively large. The important feature of summer in Japan is that the rainy season appears shortly after summer and lasts for a long time. September, 10, 1 1 is autumn in Japan. Autumn is crisp, as the saying goes, "autumn is crisp, and horses are fat." From the beginning of September to the beginning of 10, there is another autumn frost season in Japan, during which typhoons are frequent and often accompanied by heavy rains, causing harm. Winter in Japan generally lasts from 165438+1October 20th to February 20th of the following year. Affected by the cold northwest monsoon from the Asian continent and the warm current on horses along the coast of the Sea of Japan, there are many snowfalls, cloudy days, short sunshine and humid air on the side of the Sea of Japan, while there is little rain, sunny and dry on the side of Japan. In winter, the temperature difference between north and south of Japan is quite large. For example, the monthly average temperature in Asahikawa, Hokkaido is -7.8℃ at 65438+ 10, and that in Naha, Okinawa 17.2℃, with a difference of 25℃. Because of the rainy season and autumn frost period, Japan also has the saying that there are six seasons in a year.

There are great differences between the two areas.

Because Japan straddles the subtropical zone, temperate zone and sub-frigid zone, its terrain is complex, and it is greatly influenced by monsoon and ocean current, and the climate varies significantly from place to place. From south to north, it can be roughly divided into three climatic zones: the western and southwest coastal areas (generally south of 35 north latitude) belong to monsoon subtropical forest climate; The northern part (Hokkaido and northern Honshu) has a monsoon temperate coniferous forest climate; Most other areas belong to monsoon temperate broad-leaved forest climate. In addition, according to the four indicators of temperature, precipitation, sunshine rate and excess water (dry and wet climate), Japanese scholars further divide Japan's climate zones into the following six types:

(A) "Japan" type

Winter monsoon precipitation (snow), cloudy days in winter and short sunshine time are the main snow-covered areas in Japan.

(2) Kyushu type

The temperature is high, the sunshine time is long, and there is little rain in winter, and the rain is mainly concentrated in summer.

(3) Nanhai type

Affected by Kuroshio, the temperature is high. During the Meiyu in June and the typhoon in September, the rainfall was concentrated, the sunshine time was long and the humidity was high.

(4) Setouchi type.

The climate is warm, sunny, with little rainfall and low humidity. There is less rain in winter and more rain in summer.

(e) "Japan" type

In winter, there are long sunshine hours and a lot of precipitation.

(6) Okinawa type

The temperature is high, there is no frost or snow, and there are many typhoons and rains.

Three warm rainy days

Japan has a mild climate, with an annual average temperature above 10℃, and only Hokkaido, the northeastern part of Japan and some mountainous areas in Honshu have an annual average temperature below 10℃. There is no severe cold in winter, and the lowest average temperature in northern Hokkaido in June is 5438+ 10℃, which is not lower than-10℃. There is no heat in summer, and the average temperature in August in the southern region is between 25-26℃. Tokyo is located in the middle, with an annual average temperature of 15.3℃.

Japan is rich in rainfall, with an average annual rainfall of about 1800 mm, which is much higher than that of countries on the east and west coasts of Eurasia. For example, the annual rainfall in Akita is three times that in Beijing at the same latitude. The annual rainfall in Tokyo is more than twice that in London and Mali. The areas with the most precipitation in Japan are Fukui, Ishikawa and Gifu counties in the southeast of Kyushu, the south of Shikoku, the southeast and the middle of Mu Yi Peninsula, with annual precipitation above 3,000 mm, while the annual precipitation along the coast of Seto Inland Sea, the coast of the Northeast Pacific Ocean and the eastern half of Hokkaido is less than1200mm. The precipitation in Japan has obvious changes in different seasons, which can be roughly divided into three types:

(A) "Japan" type

Winter monsoon precipitation (snow) is the most in 65438+February or 65438+ 10.

(2) Southwest Japan type

Meiyu precipitation is the most in June or July.

(3) Northeast Japan type

Typhoon precipitation, with September as the most.