Temperate maritime climate

Located on the west coast of the mainland, 40 north latitude ~ 60 south latitude. Being in the westerlies all the year round, it is deeply influenced by the ocean air mass, and there is a warm current passing along the coast. There is no cold in winter and no heat in summer. The average temperature in Leng Yue is above 0℃, the hottest month is below 22℃, and the annual and daily temperature difference is small. There is precipitation all year round, especially in autumn and winter. The annual precipitation is above 1000mm, and the windward slope in mountainous areas can reach above 2000 ~ 3000 mm. This kind of climate is the most typical in western Europe, with the largest distribution area, and it is also distributed in the west coast of the American continent, Tasmania in Oceania and the corresponding latitudes of New Zealand. This climate type is influenced by the west wind all the year round, and the ocean air mass prevails. Its main characteristics are mild and humid, and the temperature difference is small. The highest and lowest monthly average temperatures are in August and February respectively, and the monthly average temperatures are not lower than 0℃ and not higher than 22℃. The precipitation is 500 ~ 700 mm, and the local windward slope can reach 2500 mm. Due to cyclone rainfall, the precipitation intensity is very small, there are many rainy days and insufficient illumination. Not suitable for the growth of food crops. Natural vegetation is dominated by broad-leaved deciduous forests and mixed forests. Compared with continental climate, the main characteristics of temperate maritime climate are that not only the annual and daily variations of temperature are small, but also the extreme temperature appears later than that of continental climate zone; The seasonal distribution of precipitation is relatively uniform, with more precipitation days and less intensity; There are many clouds and high humidity. Judging from the annual temperature change, spring is colder than autumn, and temperate maritime climate is an obvious sign of maritime climate. The warmest month appears in August and even lasts until September; Leng Yue is the most in February, and the high latitudes are postponed to March. People usually regard the coastal areas of northwest Europe as a typical maritime climate on the mainland.

[Edit this paragraph] Reason

The main reason for this climate is that this area is located on the west coast of the mid-latitude (40 ~ 60) mainland, and the temperate maritime climate blows westerly winds all the year round. The wind blows from the West Sea, and there is a warm current along the coast, which makes the west wind warmer and wetter. After landing, it will be lifted by the terrain, so that a large amount of precipitation can be realized. As far as Western Europe is concerned, the coastal North Atlantic warm current is very strong, with high temperature and humidity, and the coast is particularly tortuous. The Mediterranean Sea and the Baltic Sea extend inland. In addition, western Europe is low-lying, with plains and mountains running east-west. Therefore, westerly winds and cyclones can go deep inland, expanding the scope of the Atlantic Ocean, making the temperate maritime climate in Western Europe particularly typical. Generally speaking, the maritime climate is on the west coast of the mainland, but the southeast wind in Australia brings a lot of water vapor, and this trade wind is not affected by seasons for many years, so it forms a temperate maritime climate. The wind pattern of the whole earth trade wind is similar to "

[Edit this paragraph] function

It is warm in winter and cool in summer, and the temperature difference is small throughout the year. The closer to the ocean, the stronger the maritime climate. Especially in winter, because there is a warm temperate maritime climate along the coast, the west wind blows from the warm sea surface, and the airflow is warm and humid, so the winter temperature is much warmer than that of the continental center and the eastern coast of the mainland at the same latitude. The lowest monthly average temperature is above 0℃. In summer, the water temperature of the warm current is still lower than that of the mainland, and the sea is much cooler than the land. The hottest month temperature affected by the west wind here is below 22℃. Because it is warm in winter and cool in summer here, the annual temperature difference is much smaller than that in other areas of the same latitude. It rains all year round, and it rains more in winter. On the activity path of temperate cyclones in this area, there is abundant cyclone rainfall, especially in winter, with more rainy days, but the precipitation intensity is not great. Winter precipitation accounts for a slightly larger proportion of the whole year, and there is no dry season throughout the year. In this paper, the characteristics of temperate maritime climate are summarized in one sentence: there is no cold in winter and no heat in summer. The annual and diurnal changes of temperature are very small, and even the diurnal changes are not observed on the ocean surface. The extreme value of annual variation is generally 1 month later than that of the mainland, such as February in the coldest temperate maritime climate month and August in the warmest month. At high latitudes, Leng Yue may be in March and the hottest month may be in September. Autumn is warmer than spring. The seasonal distribution of precipitation is relatively uniform. There are many days of precipitation, but the intensity is small. There are many clouds and high humidity. In the tropical ocean, there are many storms, such as the southwest part of the North Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea of China, where typhoons are generated and strongly influenced. Tropical storm (including typhoon) is a very important meteorological disaster. The weather is cloudy and humid, and most of the mainland areas near the ocean have maritime climate characteristics. The coastal areas of western Europe are typical maritime climate areas on the mainland.

[Edit this paragraph] Distribution

Located on the west coast of the mainland at 40-60 degrees north and south latitude, all continents except Asia, Africa and Antarctica have temperate maritime climate, among which Western Europe and the British Isles are the most typical. Temperate maritime climate is often only distributed in narrow strips or islands. The temperate maritime climate is the most typical in western Europe, with the largest distribution area, and also distributed in the west coast of the American continent, Tasmania in Oceania and the corresponding latitudes in New Zealand. It belongs to a small part of northwest Europe, Pacific coast of Canada, southern Chile, South Africa and southeastern Australia. Western Europe is located at about 30-40 degrees north latitude, which is influenced by the west wind and the water vapor from the Atlantic Ocean. The topography of North America is higher in the west, lower in the middle and slightly higher in the east. The water vapor blown from the Pacific Ocean is blocked by the Rocky Mountains, which can only affect the coastal marginal areas, and the Alaska Warm Current passes by. Therefore, the scope of western Europe is large, and the scope of North America is small. Mild and humid all year round

[Edit this paragraph] Impact

Temperate maritime climate, high latitude, rainy, light and heat conditions are generally not suitable for the development of temperate maritime climate for planting (the heat conditions and planting distribution in Paris Basin are good), general animal husbandry (such as northern Scotland), flower planting (such as the Netherlands) and other agricultural types with less heat requirements.

agriculture

Wheat animal husbandry, because the climate is not conducive to the growth of food crops and oil crops, but it is conducive to the growth of juicy pastures. This climate is not conducive to plant growth. At the end of 19, it was found that in Europe, the protein content of long wheat produced in temperate maritime climate was low, only 4-8% at most. Protein content of wheat increased by 9 ~ 12% as it reached the European part of Russia. In dry and hot areas, the protein content of wheat increased to 65438 08%, even more than 20%. Scientists in the former Soviet Union proved that the stronger the continental climate in a region, the higher the protein content of wheat. In the cool and humid climate, the starch content of wheat increased, while the protein content decreased. People have to rely on meat to supplement protein's deficiency, but it also brings the disadvantage of too much fat. It can be seen that the maritime climate is not very beneficial to agriculture.

life

The mild, cloudy and humid maritime climate gives people a comfortable feeling; In fact, living in a maritime climate is mild, but gloomy and rainy weather is not conducive to people's spiritual and emotional development.

[Edit this paragraph] represents the city.

Europe: London (UK), Birmingham (UK), Manchester (UK), Edinburgh (UK), Glasgow (UK), Dublin (Ireland), Oslo (Norway), Gothenburg (Sweden), Reykjavik (Iceland), Copenhagen (Denmark), Hamburg (Germany) and Bremen. Brussels (Belgium), Paris (France), Bordeaux (France), Bilbao (Spain), Porto (Portugal) Oceania: Melbourne (Australia), Hobart (Australia), Wellington (New Zealand), Auckland (New Zealand) North America: Vancouver (Canada), Seattle (USA) and Juno (USA).

[Edit this paragraph] Related climate

Temperate maritime climate

Mainly distributed in the western part of the mainland at 40-60 degrees north and south latitude. Westerly winds and temperate marine air masses prevail throughout the year, and warm currents pass along the coast, forming the climate characteristics of warm in winter and cool in summer, small annual variation, more annual precipitation in all temperate maritime climate and slightly more rainfall in autumn and winter. Besides, it's rainy, cloudy and sunny here. Key words: warm in winter and cool in summer, more precipitation, slightly more rainfall in autumn and winter.

Wet weather in temperate zone

Mainly distributed in the eastern part of North America between 35 and 55 N and the eastern part of the temperate maritime climate zone of Eurasia, the seasonal variation of wind direction and wind force is not as obvious as that of temperate monsoon climate. From the cause of formation, its cold and dry winter is not caused by the continental monsoon, but by the deep westerly wind blowing from the ocean, which has undergone continental degeneration, so the temperature is low and the precipitation is less; There is convective rain in summer, but the concentration of summer rain is not as significant as that of temperate monsoon climate. Key words: cold and dry in winter and convective rain in summer.

Temperate continental arid and semi-arid climate

Also known as temperate desert and temperate grassland climate. This climate zone in Asia goes deep inland, surrounded by temperate maritime climate of mountains and plateaus, which makes it difficult for humid marine air to reach, and temperate continental air masses prevail all the year round, thus forming a temperate continental arid and semi-arid climate with hot summer and little rain in winter. Generally speaking, the average annual precipitation in arid climate is below 250 mm, and the average annual precipitation in semi-arid climate is 250-500 mm. This climate zone in South America is located on the east coast of the continental westerly belt, which is a rain shadow zone, and there are tall Andes mountains on the west coast. The west wind sinks after crossing the mountain, which is warm, dry and rainy, and there is a cold current along the coast, so the air is stable and precipitation is scarce. Keywords: Leng Xia is hot, dry and rainy in winter.

Mid-latitude monsoon climate

Mainly distributed in East Asia, 35-55 degrees north latitude ... Winter is controlled by temperate continental air mass, which is cold and dry, and the maritime climate and temperature between north and south temperate zones are quite different. In summer, it is warm, hot and rainy, and the temperature difference between north and south is small due to the influence of temperate marine air mass or denatured tropical marine air mass. In addition, the four distinct seasons and significant weather non-periodic changes are also the main characteristics of temperate monsoon climate. Because the climate characteristics of the above temperate climate types are mainly humid (semi-humid in North China Plain and Northeast China Plain), the temperate broad-leaved forest landscape is generally developed (forest grassland landscape in North China Plain and Northeast China Plain). Key words: warm and rainy summer, cold and dry winter, four distinct seasons.