How did the ancients predict the weather?

Weather forecast is of great significance to agriculture, transportation and even our daily life such as food, clothing, housing and transportation. As the saying goes, the weather is unpredictable. So, how did the ancients predict the weather without high-tech equipment? According to the principles of Yin-Yang and Five Elements and divination, the ancients divided everything in the world into two states of Yin-Yang and five forms of Jin Mu's fire, water and soil, and predicted the weather according to the transformation law of Yin-Yang and Five Elements, which reflected our ancestors' initial insight into heaven and earth and their desire to know things. There have been weather phenomena such as wind, rain, snow, clouds, rainbow and thunder in Oracle Bone Inscriptions unearthed in China, and divination has also been used to predict weather information, indicating that people realized the influence of weather on agricultural production and daily life as early as the Yin and Shang Dynasties. Twenty-four solar terms agricultural proverbs Twenty-four solar terms are a calendar formulated by ancient sages of China to guide farming, which was basically formed in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. According to the position of the sun on the ecliptic. Twenty-four solar terms with the same modern names appeared in Tian Zi Xun of Huainan in Han Dynasty. Twenty-four solar terms can reflect the changes of seasons, guide agricultural activities, and affect the food, clothing, housing and transportation of thousands of families. Later generations summed up the familiar 24 solar terms. According to the 24 solar terms and production practice, later generations summed up more agricultural proverbs, such as "Before and after Tomb-Sweeping Day, we planted melons and beans", "It's windy and hot in summer, and it's sunny and rainy in Chongyang in winter", "The autumn equinox is early, the first frost is late, and it's just the right time to plant wheat in cold dew" and so on. Lv's Spring and Autumn Annals, editor-in-chief of understanding the weather from the wind, divides clouds into four types: mountain clouds, water clouds, dry clouds and rain clouds, and makes a simple classification of clouds representing different weather. The ancients also summarized a series of weather and meteorological proverbs according to the thickness and color of clouds, such as "there are clouds in the sky and thunderstorms on the ground". They can also predict the weather according to the wind direction, "the east wind sends wet west wind and the south wind warms the north wind." Explain that different winds will bring different weather, cold, warm, dry and wet. Predicting the weather according to animals The sensory system of animals is quite keen, and the ancients already knew how to predict the weather according to the behavior of animals. In the morning, there are water drops on the spider's web, which means the weather is fine. This is because the temperature is low in the sunny morning, which makes the water vapor in the air condense into small drops and hang on the spider web. Swallows flying low, frogs chirping, ants moving, and earthworms coming out of holes are all precursors to rain. Ancient Meteorological Bureau: Qin Qin is a government department, which was established in the Qin and Han Dynasties. It has the functions of observing astronomical phenomena, calculating solar terms and making calendars, similar to today's meteorological bureau. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, western missionaries began to preach in Qin. Zhang Heng, an astronomer in the Eastern Han Dynasty, invented the earliest anemometer in the world, that is, a 50-foot-high pole was erected on the open ground, and a flexible rotating copper bird was installed on the pole. According to the rotating direction of the copper bird, the wind direction can be determined. Jin people changed Zhang Heng's bronze bird into a wooden bird, which was lighter than bronze bird and could predict the slightest wind. Most of them are located on city walls and departments of astronomy and transportation. Of course, most people in ancient times still relied on the accumulated experience in practice to predict the weather, and the accuracy rate was relatively low, but this fully reflected the wisdom of the working people in ancient China, and many of the weather prediction methods still have important reference significance for us today. Fan Zhongyun, who is interested in the new moon in the Song Dynasty, worked as a clerk in other provinces. Because the official couldn't take his family to his post, and his wife was at home for a long time, he wrote a copy of Yichuan Order and sent it: last night, Xifeng wore a curtain and added a small rope to the boudoir. At most, the road is falling, the autumn wind has passed, and human feelings are hard to believe. Teach slaves to live alone, tears fall by candlelight. When copying, my wife accidentally wrote the word "Yi" in the inscription as "Yin". Fan Zhongyun was very moved to read this word, but it was ridiculous for his wife to write a wrong word on the inscription, so she wrote a word and sent it back. One of them said in a "teasing" tone: "I don't think Yi Jia wants anyone." It means joking. His wife lost the word "Yi" next to the word "Ren" because she didn't want him to be "Ren". Not to be outdone, the wife replied a small poem, explaining that "wrong is wrong": lovers don't understand the meaning of small books when they are idle; * * * When we don't have much time in Iraq, few people sleep around us. It means that you don't understand me when I write the word "person". That's to remind you that I'm missing a person to sleep with. Fan Zhongyan was deeply moved by his wife after reading it, so he resigned and went home to reunite with his wife. During the reign of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty, there was a family named Yin in the south of the Yangtze River. Because of offending someone, this person wrote a "Darren Chan Ballad" to ridicule Yin's family: there is no one in Iraq, and the sheep's mouth is his person; Decapitate, kill the mouth, shrink the tail and become ugly, and open the door half straight; A long sedan chair, a dead soul. Every sentence of this ballad is an ugly word "Yin". The word "one" is not the word "person", but the word "yin"; The word "Yin" plus "Yang" is the word "Qun"; Remove the "bamboo" prefix of the word "bamboo shoot" and it is the word "Yin". The word "jun" has gone, and the word "mouth" is "yin"; The word "yin" is condensed into the word "ugly"; The word "Yin" is one side of the word "door"; Add a horizontal line in the middle of the word "corpse", which is the word "Yin". These methods of increasing or decreasing strokes have changed the word "Yin". It's a joke.