Interesting knowledge of high school geography.

Interesting high school geography knowledge: five-color desert

Colorful desert is located in Arizona desert on the east bank of Colorado River Grand Canyon in the United States. Because the sand grains formed by volcanic lava contain minerals, the whole desert appears pink, gold, purple, blue, white and purple. Under the irradiation of sunlight, due to reflection and refraction, different colors of smoke seem to float in the air, dazzling. The cliff is blue at noon and amethyst at night. Rock peaks are often blue, so they are called blue peaks. The eastern part of the desert is covered with colorful domes, and thousands of colorful stone pillars with colors like agate and rocks stand among the sand dunes. It is more than 30 meters long and the thickest is three or four meters. Arizona desert has become a rare landscape in the world with its wonderful colors.

Red Desert The Simpson Desert in Australia is red, and the sky and the earth are red and beautiful. The reason is that the sand is covered with a layer of iron oxide, which is caused by long-term weathering and diffusion of iron minerals in the desert.

Black Desert There is a black desert in Turkmen, the former Soviet Union and Central Asia, called Karakum, between the Black Sea and the Amu Darya River. The whole desert is brown and black, and it is chilling to be in it, as if it were in a dark world. This desert is formed by the weathering of local black rocks.

White Desert There are vast white sands in Russolo Basin, New Mexico, USA, and sand grains are fine particles of gypsum crystals. 654.38 billion years ago, due to crustal movement, the gypsum coast swelled into mountains, and rainwater carried dissolved gypsum into Lushuo Lake in the valley basin. Later, the climate became increasingly dry, the lake evaporated, and the gypsum crystals on the shore of the lake weathered into fine sand, which spread all over the basin with the wind and became this white desert. Even some animals in the desert, such as marsupials and lizards, have turned white to adapt to the environment.

Interesting knowledge of high school geography: five-color lake

Colorful Lake There is a lake on Fofeile Island in Indonesia, with crimson on the left, turquoise on the right and cyan on the back. These colors are about 200 meters wide. Why a lake has three colors is still a mystery.

Fluorescent Lake There is a lake in the Bahamas, and the lake emits green fluorescence, which is caused by the luminescence of a firefly enzyme microorganism.

Lake Mohe is located on the island of Goss, Upa in the Caribbean. There is a lake called Lake Page. The lake is black, waterless, soft and composed of asphalt, also known as asphalt lake.

Interesting high school geography knowledge: Yellow River

The Yellow River is the second longest river in China and the birthplace of Chinese civilization. There are many anecdotes related to the Yellow River, all of which are related to its hydrogeological characteristics.

"Pillar": This idiom refers to a powerful person or group, which can play the role of a pillar, just like a pillar standing in the torrent of the Yellow River. The mainstay mountain is actually a boulder, located in the rapids of Sanmenxia section of the Yellow River, and it is a stone island, which is called "mainstay" or "mainstay". The water of the Yellow River flows into the canyon, and is bound by rocks on both sides of the river into a narrow stream, which rushes to the stone pillars, forming a rapid vortex, splitting into two streams and leaving the Sanmenxia Valley. The scene is thrilling. In the past, the Yellow River was well-developed and was the main channel for shipping. But in Sanmenxia section, people often hit the rocks. Even the mountains under the water are called "rice piles" and "grain piles". When the boat behind reached this point, the boatman disembarked and pulled it over. The legendary pillar is used to calm the waves of the river, but in the eyes of boatmen, it is a navigation mark. The stone was originally engraved with the words "follow me", which means to drive to it. As long as the ship comes towards it, when it is about to hit, the waves in front of the pillar will return to the water, just pushing the ship to a safe channel, which is very magical.

Speaking of Yellow River shipping, it has played an important role in history. Therefore, as early as the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a record of "boating after being defeated by Jin". Both the Western Han Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty took Chang 'an as their capital, and used the Yellow River and Weishui Waterway to connect the Canal with Jianghuai, making Chang 'an an an international metropolis with convenient transportation. On the other hand, there are many dangerous shoals in the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River, with rapid current and much sediment in the middle and lower reaches, which is not conducive to navigation. Since the end of the Qing Dynasty, highways and railways have risen, waterways have not been integrated for a long time, and the Yellow River waterway has declined.

There is a saying in history that "saints come out of Huang Heqing". But can the water in the Yellow River become clear? The Yellow River is very clear in Qinghai, but after flowing through the Loess Plateau, tributaries bring a lot of sediment. This is mainly because of the environmental damage caused by human activities, resulting in soil erosion in the Loess Plateau. At present, the sediment flowing into the Yellow River every year is beyond human control. Although the long-term efforts have achieved certain results and reduced the sediment by 50%, there are still 800 million tons downstream, and the Yellow River still cannot be dredged. It's hard to be a saint. When the sage comes out, the Yellow River will be treated first. This sentence is changed to "when the sage comes out, Huang Heqing comes out".