What are the culture techniques and eating methods of puffer fish?

Since ancient times, the puffer fish eaten in China have grown in rivers, and they are named "dolphins" because they make a sound like pigs when catching puffer fish out of the water. People don't know much about the culture method of puffer fish. Here's how I raise puffer fish. I hope you like it!

Method for cultivating puffer fish

1. Feed feeding

When the water temperature is between 15℃ and 17℃, puffer fish can still eat, so they should be fed regularly. At the beginning of entering the pond, fish are lured to feed first, so that the fish form the habit of feeding at fixed points. Feed wet pellet bait, now feed it on the spot. The daily feeding amount is 0.5% ~ 3% of the weight of the river bream, and it is 1 ~ 2 times a day. When the water temperature is lower than 65438 02℃, the food intake of fugu orientalis is obviously reduced. When the water temperature is 10℃, the river bream basically stops eating and needs to stop eating. Try to make squid eat well when feeding, and remove the residual bait in time after feeding to prevent the water quality from deteriorating. A small amount of vitamins e and c can be added to the bait to prevent it from suffering from nutritional diseases.

2. Water quality management

When overwintering in high density, it is necessary to maintain good water quality, and it is best to use sterilized water. When the water temperature is suitable, the river otters can still eat, so they need to be fed. Generally, the pond should be completely changed and constantly inflated. When the water temperature is low, when feeding is stopped, the water exchange rate can be reduced to 10% ~ 30% of the pool water, with intermittent aeration for 30 minutes each time and gas stoppage for 30 minutes. Strengthen aeration every night to prevent fish from dying due to lack of oxygen in the air. The feces, residual bait, water meter film and dirt in the pool should be cleaned up in time to prevent water pollution.

3. Prevention and treatment of fish diseases

The puffer fish has a high indoor wintering density and is prone to diseases. Before the fry enter the pond, they should take a medicinal bath to remove parasites on the body surface and prevent the injured individuals from being infected with bacteria or water mold. The overwintering period is mainly prevention, and the body surface is disinfected with antibiotics every 10 ~ 15 days. You can also continuously feed bait containing antibiotics for 3 days every 15 ~ 20 days for disinfection in vivo. Ill fish should be fished out in time and treated in isolation to prevent the spread of fish diseases.

4. Water temperature control

During the wintering process, we should always pay attention to the change of water temperature and weather forecast, and make full preparations before the cold wave comes to ensure that the heating device can operate in time. When the indoor water temperature is lower than 12℃, measures should be taken to increase the water temperature to about 14℃ and keep it constant.

5. Invert the pool and change the water

Changing water can reduce the number of metabolic wastes and bacteria in water and improve the water environment. Inverting the pond can thoroughly disinfect the fish pond regularly, kill harmful organisms and parasites in the pond, improve the water environment of the pond, reduce the occurrence of fish diseases and improve the survival rate of overwintering. Generally, once a month 1 time, the wintering pool is thoroughly disinfected. It is best to use the adjacent pond to reverse the pond, which can reduce the labor intensity. Siphon the upper pool water into the disinfection pool. Generally, sewage is sucked 1 ~ 2 times a day to suck pollutants such as feces and residual bait out of the pool to reduce water pollution. At the same time, change or replenish water every week 1 time, and the water change amount is 1/5 ~ 1/4 of the pool water.

How to eat puffer fish

The puffer fish has Bai Rushuang muscle, which is delicious, tender and delicious, with high protein content and rich nutrition. Only the liver, gonads and blood contain toxins and can be eaten after treatment. After pickling, it is commonly known as "black wolf owl". The ovary can extract tetrodotoxin crystals for medical treatment.

The fish is rich in DHA, EPA, eight kinds of "amino acids" which are necessary for human body and cannot be synthesized by itself, and various trace elements. The content of selenium, zinc and other elements with anti-cancer and anti-aging effects is higher than that of soft-shelled turtle and sea cucumber. The safe consumption of fugu has the functions of enhancing human immunity, nourishing and strengthening brain, improving eyesight and inhibiting tumor. In addition, puffer fish also has the effect of invigorating stomach and nourishing stomach.

Japan, North Korea and China in Asia all love to eat river bream. People who have tasted it all admire: "You don't know the taste of fish unless you eat river bream." Eating fish not only tastes delicious, but also has the functions of lowering blood pressure, treating waist and leg aches and restoring energy. To eat river bream, we must first keep the muscles fresh and the processing should be extremely strict. The method is to cut open the fish body along the spine, tear off the panel, cut off the head, dig out the internal organs, wash it repeatedly in clean water, and thoroughly remove the blood before eating.

The export price of a ton of fresh squid meat is as high as more than three thousand dollars. In Japan, a catty of live fish costs more than 40 yuan, which is in short supply. In order to meet the Japanese people's demand for puffer fish, relevant Japanese institutions have repeatedly negotiated with relevant parties in China, hoping to import puffer fish from China. In addition to fresh food, it can also be pickled and salted into dried products, which is safer to eat. The pickling method is: marinate the cleaned fish with 5 ~ 10% salt, and expose it to the sun after half a month. If a certain amount of alkaline substances, such as sodium carbonate, are added in the curing process, tetrodotoxin can be destroyed more effectively.

Life habits of puffer fish

move

Every March, they swim from the high seas to the salty and fresh water area of the estuary to lay eggs. Only * * * fugu obscurus (English name: Obscure puffer * * *) is a dark fugu, which enters fresh water in droves from May to June and lays eggs in rivers. The number of fertilized eggs is generally between 40 thousand and 50 thousand. In autumn, the water temperature dropped and began to fall into the river, swimming to the deep sea like other species, and returning to the deep sea for the winter in early February of 65438. The young fish born that year lived in rivers or lakes connected with rivers, and did not return to the sea until the following spring, and then grew up in the sea and re-entered the river to lay eggs until sexual maturity. From April to June, puffer fish entering the Yangtze River spawn in the middle reaches or Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake.

Eating habits

The food of fugu orientalis is mixed, eating fish, shrimp, crabs and shellfish, as well as insect larvae, cladocera, copepods, leaves of higher plants and filamentous algae. Generally speaking, they seldom eat during reproductive migration.

defend oneself

The body shape of the river bream is mainly propelled by pectoral fins. Although this body can rotate flexibly, it is not fast, so it is easy to become the target of hunting. Therefore, the river bream has evolved a self-defense mechanism different from that of ordinary fish. When threatened, puffer fish can quickly suck water or air into its elastic stomach, which will expand several times in a short time to scare away predators. There are even spines on the spiny river bream of Acaridae. When it expands, the thorns all over the body will stand up, making it difficult for predators to swallow.

The most poisonous part of puffer fish

The most poisonous parts of puffer fish are gonads, ovaries and liver, followed by kidneys, blood, eyes, gills and panels, and puffer fish meat contains less toxins. Tetrodotoxin is one of the most toxic non-protein toxins found in nature at present, and its toxicity is equivalent to 1250 times that of sodium cyanide. One puffer fish is toxic enough to kill dozens of people. This toxin usually paralyzes people's nerves, vomits, and then stops their heartbeat and breathing.

In addition, when killing puffer fish, if you accidentally prick your finger with a small thorn in the mouth of the fish, it will also cause poisoning. Moreover, the degree of toxicity of puffer fish is related to the season and the breeding cycle of puffer fish. In late spring and early summer, puffer fish is the most poisonous. It is recommended that the public never eat it at this time.

Nutritional value of puffer fish

1, puffer fish is sweet and warm. Toxic. It can dispel wind and dampness, strengthen the spleen and promote diuresis.

2. The puffer fish meat contains protein, fat, vitamins A, B 1, B2, nicotinic acid, calcium, phosphorus, iron and toxic substances such as tetrodotoxin and tetrodotoxin.

3. There are many kinds of puffer fish, most of which are toxic and have different toxicity. As far as tissues and organs are concerned, the toxins in ovary and liver are the most, followed by spleen, intestine and face plate, and meat is almost nontoxic. Even the most poisonous puffer fish contains almost no toxin in its meat. Tetrodotoxin has analgesic effect.

The season of eating puffer fish

Spring ~ ~ The puffer fish in spring is the fattest and most delicious ~ ~ "Peach blossoms outside the bamboo are three or two, and duck prophets in spring water heating. Artemisia sphaerocephala has short reed buds all over the ground, which is the time for puffer fish to go up. " The above poem is the evidence that the ancients began to know how to eat ~ ~ The greatness of our country ~ ~ But ~ Spring is the most fertile season for puffer fish and the most prosperous season for tetrodotoxin.