How to raise peony family daily?

1. Planting time: No matter whether the seedlings are planted or planted separately, Heze is from late August (summer) to late September (autumn equinox), and Yangzhou is from late September (autumn equinox) to165438+1early October (beginning of winter). It is usually combined with ramets.

2. Planting specifications: the row spacing of ornamental plants in the garden can be 1m× 1m, and the planting points can be arranged in zigzag, so that the land can be used evenly and reasonably for planting, which is beneficial to the symmetrical growth of plants. However, in order to facilitate on-site management and observation records, on-site operation is sometimes inconvenient, and the horizontal and vertical "square" arrangement is often adopted. The specifications of the planting hole are about 35cm deep and the diameter of the upper opening is 18cm. The hole should be narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, and the thick roots should not be removed when ornamental cultivation and reproduction are carried out. Root-promoting seedlings for medicinal cultivation (produced in Dongyang, Zhejiang Province), with bare holes of about 25 cm. If the roots are directly removed, the depth can be shallower.

3. Planting method: apply decomposed manure or cake fertilizer at the bottom of the pit. Fully mixed with subsoil. Before planting, the mixture of 700 times thiophanate-methyl and 65,438 times methyl isofenphos was used to control diseases and pests of Paeonia lactiflora seedlings. Hold the peony seedlings in your hand, so that the roots are scattered in the holes. When the soil is filled to the half hole, shake the seedlings to make the roots closely combined with the soil. The improvement of seedlings is based on the premise that the buds are flush with the ground, and it is just the appropriate planting depth after sinking into the watering pit. If the plant is too deep, the bud will not germinate easily, and even if it emerges, the growth and development will not be vigorous; Planting is too shallow, the roots are exposed to the ground, and exposure to the sun in summer can easily lead to death. Finally, fill the soil until the hole is full, tamp it, and pile up a mound of about 10 cm, which plays the role of keeping out cold and moisture, and also plays the role of marking and protection. Depending on the soil moisture, if the soil is wet, it is not necessary to water it after planting, but it should be watered immediately after planting.

The cultivation of Paeonia lactiflora mainly adopts traditional propagation methods, such as branching method, sowing method, cutting method and layering method, among which branching method is the simplest and most widely used. Sowing method is only used to cultivate broken varieties, produce rootstocks of grafted peony and produce medicinal materials. Rapid propagation of ornamental varieties is an urgent task, which has always been based on tissue culture. A lot of work has been done at home and abroad. Although progress has been made, it is still far from practical application.

Planting method of peony flowers

1. Cutting method

Choose a nursery with high terrain and good drainage as the cutting bed. After the bed soil is loose, spread 15cm thick river sand, and disinfect the river sand with 0.5% potassium permanganate. The cutting substrate can also be vermiculite or perlite. According to the experience of Changchun and other places, the best cutting effect is cutting in mid-July. The cutting length is10 ~15cm. There are two nodes, the last one is a compound leaf, and there are several leaves left; Cut off the next compound leaf, even the petiole, then quickly immerse it in the solution of naphthylacetic acid or indoleacetic acid with the concentration of 500×10 ~1000×10, and then cut it off. The insertion depth is about 5 cm, and the spacing is subject to the fact that the blades do not overlap each other. Water it after inserting it, and then cover it with a plastic shed. It is observed that the rooting effect is the best when the substrate temperature is 28 ~ 30℃ and the humidity is 50%. When the temperature in the cutting shed is kept at 20 ~ 25℃ and the humidity is 80% ~ 90%, it can take root and form dormant buds 20 ~ 30 days after cutting. After taking root, it is necessary to reduce the amount of water spraying and watering, and gradually dismantle plastic greenhouses and awnings. Cutting seedlings grow slowly, so they need to be covered with soil in bed for winter, and then moved to open field for planting in the next spring.

2. Root-cutting law

Root cutting in autumn: cut peony into 5 ~ 10 cm root segments, insert them into a leveled ditch with a depth of 10 ~ 15 cm, cover them with fine soil with a thickness of 5 ~ 10 cm, and then water them.

3. Hierarchical method

In spring, the newly unearthed buds will pass through the holes of the flowerpot and be introduced into the flowerpot with the diameter of 15 ~ 20 cm. As they grow, they will gradually fill the soil and keep it moist, and they will take root and sprout in summer. Before winter, cut off the stems under the pot to form potted peony.

4. Modern tissue culture methods

Plant tissue culture, that is, plant sterile culture technology, is based on the theory that plant cells are totipotent, using organs, tissues or cells (such as roots, stems, leaves, etc. ) callus, adventitious buds and adventitious roots were induced under aseptic and suitable artificial culture medium, light and temperature, and finally a complete plant with the same heredity as the mother was formed. This technology, also known as cloning technology, has achieved the goal of rapid propagation and has the value of wide application.

The cultivation method of Paeonia lactiflora mainly revolves around the following four steps, hoping to help flower friends maintain Paeonia lactiflora daily.

1. temperature

Paeonia lactiflora is a typical temperate plant, which likes warm and cold, and has a wide range of ecological adaptation. In northern China, it can be cultivated in the open field with strong cold tolerance. In Nenjiang County, northern Heilongjiang Province, the annual growth period is only 120 days, and it can still grow, bloom and overwinter normally in the open field with the extreme minimum temperature of -46.5℃. Summer is suitable for cool climate, but it is also quite heat-resistant. For example, Bozhou, Anhui Province, and the extreme maximum temperature in summer reaches 42. 1℃, which is also a safe summer.

lamplight

Paeonia lactiflora can only grow luxuriantly and have bright colors when there is enough light in the growing period. However, it can grow and develop normally under shading conditions, and the temperature can be appropriately reduced and the humidity can be increased during flowering to avoid being burned by strong sunlight, thus prolonging the viewing period. But if there is too much shade, it will lead to virtual growth, weak growth, inability to bloom or thin sulfur in flowering.

Paeonia lactiflora is a plant with long sunshine, which differentiates flower buds in short sunshine season in autumn and winter and blooms in long sunshine in spring. Bud development and flowering should be carried out under long sunshine. Too short sunshine time (8 ~ 9 hours) will lead to delayed bud development, accelerated leaf growth, poor flowering or even no flowering.

3. Land

Paeonia lactiflora is a deep-rooted plant, so it is required that the soil layer is deep, the fleshy roots are thick, and it is suitable for loose sandy loam with good drainage. It grows poorly in clay and sandy soil, with high soil water content and poor drainage, which is easy to cause root rot, neutral or slightly acidic soil is suitable, and saline-alkali soil is not suitable for planting. Fertile soil grows better, but it should be noted that the nitrogen content should not be too high to prevent the white growth of branches and leaves, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can be applied appropriately during the growth period to promote the vigorous growth and beautiful bloom of branches and leaves. In the traditional peony concentrated production areas, it is a very common phenomenon that peony is continuously planted on the same plot for many years, which has caused serious losses, not only serious pests and diseases, but also decreased yield and quality, and even led to large-scale death. Therefore, a scientific and reasonable rotation system must be implemented.

Step 4: Moisture

Paeonia lactiflora likes high and open terrain, relatively dry environment and no need for frequent irrigation. Because peony is a fleshy root, it is particularly intolerant of waterlogging. Waterlogging for 6 ~ 10 hours often leads to root rot. Low humidity areas are not suitable as peony producing areas in China. Every flood is almost devastating to Paeonia lactiflora. Only in the high-opening area, Paeonia lactiflora which has not been flooded still exists.