What meteorological disasters are there in summer?

Lead: As we all know, meteorological departments will forecast and warn meteorological disasters according to meteorological changes, formulate disaster prevention countermeasures, and implement disaster prevention measures in a targeted manner. Recently, a friend came to consult me. What meteorological disasters are there in summer? What meteorological disasters are there in summer? Let's have a look.

What meteorological disasters are there in summer?

Meteorological disasters in summer include rainstorm and flood, drought, high temperature and heat wave, typhoon and hail. Meteorological disasters generally include weather, climate disasters and meteorological secondary and derivative disasters. Meteorological secondary and derivative disasters refer to landslides, mudslides, storm surges, forest fires, acid rain, air pollution and other disasters caused by meteorological factors.

Weather and climate disasters refer to typhoon (tropical storm, strong tropical storm), rainstorm (snow), thunderstorm, hail, strong wind, dust, tornado, heavy (thick) fog, high temperature, low temperature, continuous rain, freezing rain, frost, ice accumulation, cold wave, drought, dry hot wind, heat wave, flood, etc.

Introduction of Meteorological Disasters in Summer

drought

In a long enough period, the rainfall is seriously insufficient, which leads to soil water loss due to evaporation and river flow reduction, which destroys normal crop growth and human activities. This is a disastrous weather phenomenon. As a result, the output of crops and fruit trees is reduced, drinking water for people and livestock is difficult, and industrial water is scarce. Drought is the most serious meteorological disaster affecting China's agriculture, causing serious losses. According to statistics, the average annual drought-affected area of crops in China is more than 300 million mu, and the affected area is 65.438+0.2 billion mu. Due to drought, the annual output is reduced by 65.438+0-5 billion kilograms, and the annual economic loss caused by water shortage is 200 billion yuan. There are more than 420 cities in China suffering from drought and water shortage, and there are 1 10 cities suffering from serious water shortage. The annual output value of urban water shortage affects 200-300 billion yuan.

torrential rain

It is a short-term or continuous heavy precipitation process. In low-lying and blocked areas, rainwater cannot be discharged quickly, resulting in water accumulation in farmland and supersaturation of soil moisture, which brings disasters to agriculture. Heavy rain may even cause flash floods, river flooding and dam break, causing huge economic losses to the people and the country. According to the regulations of China Meteorological Department, the rain with a precipitation of more than 50 mm in 24 hours is called "rainstorm". The Yangtze River basin is a frequent area of rainstorm and flood disasters, especially in the two lakes basin and the Yangtze River Delta. 1983, 1988, 199 1, 1998, 1999.

Tropical hurricane

Tropical cyclone is the general name of strong vortex with high center temperature and low pressure formed in tropical marine atmosphere. It is a very destructive weather phenomenon, which will lead to severe weather such as strong winds, heavy rains, huge waves and storm surges. The average annual loss is more than10 billion yuan. For example, Yunna, who landed in Zhejiang in 2004, created10 billion at a time.

Precautionary measures before meteorological disasters

First, strengthen the psychological quality of disaster prevention.

1, in the face of disaster, don't be too nervous, panic, fear, and be calm.

2. Try to relax yourself and avoid all activities and topics around the disaster.

Don't lose confidence in yourself, your family and foreign aid.

4. Pay attention to the social effects of personal behavior and words.

Second, prepare disaster prevention items

It is suggested that families must have the following disaster prevention items: clean water, food, commonly used drugs, umbrellas, flashlights, cold-proof supplies and other necessities, radios, mobile phones, ropes and appropriate cash. If there are babies, you must also prepare baby products such as milk powder, bottles and diapers. If there are elderly people, prepare crutches and licensed drugs for them. Before the disaster happens, we should also choose a safe place to avoid it.

Third, pay attention to the daily drills of disaster prevention.

1, the community should organize residents to learn self-help and mutual aid knowledge.

2, the community should guide residents to obtain early warning information through formal channels, don't listen to rumors.

3, the community should guide residents to observe the changes in the surrounding environment, timely report the abnormal phenomenon found.

4. The community should guide residents not to forget to cut off the sources of disasters such as electricity, gas and water that may lead to secondary disasters in time.

5, the community should cooperate with relevant departments, formulate emergency plans for meteorological disasters, and organize disaster prevention exercises.

Fourth, actively buy relevant insurance.

Actively participate in disaster prevention insurance, such as personal accident insurance, family property insurance, travel insurance, etc. , reduce economic losses.

Familiar with the game of alarm call.

In case of life-threatening meteorological disasters or other emergencies, you can call 1 10, 1 19 or 120 for help.

Note: These emergency calls can only be used in an emergency. Remember not to make random calls at ordinary times.

Sixth, learn how to send distress signals.

In the absence of telephone or other communication equipment, you can use the following methods to send out distress signals that are easy to be found in time, especially when traveling.

1. optical signal: during the day, with the help of sunlight, a mirror reflects intermittent optical signals in the direction of distress, such as a rescue plane in the air; At night, use a flashlight to continuously send out distress signals in the direction of distress.

2. Sound signal: Make a sound distress signal to the surrounding area by shouting, whistling or banging on the washbasin.

3. "SOS" letter signal: On the hillside with stones, branches or clothes piled up into "SOS" or other words for help, the bigger the letter, the better.

4. Fireworks signal: During the day, wet plants can burn to form thick smoke. At night, dry wood is burned and a flame distress signal is sent out.

5. Color signal: wear colorful clothes and colorful hats; Or shake colorful objects, such as colorful flags and sticks wrapped in colorful cloth, to send a distress signal to the surrounding area.