The geographical location of Daqing is …

Daqing City is located in the west of Heilongjiang Province and the north of the central depression area of Songliao Basin. The geographical location of the urban area is 45 46' to 46 55' north latitude and 124 19' to 125 12' east longitude. It is connected with Suihua area in the east, facing Jilin Province across the river (Songhua River) in the south, and bordering Qiqihar City in the west and north. Binzhou Railway runs through the city center, with a distance of 0/59 km from Harbin/KLOC-in the southeast and 0/39 km from Qiqihar/KLOC-in the northwest. The total area of the city is 2 12 19 square kilometers, of which the urban area is 5 107 square kilometers.

natural environment

The soil in Daqing city is formed under the comprehensive action of specific geomorphology, soil-forming parent material, climate, hydrology, vegetation and other soil-forming factors. According to the records of Daqing City, grassland soil accounts for 18.64% of the total urban land area, and it is the main cultivated land soil. Soil and water mainly include meadow soil and swamp soil, of which meadow soil accounts for 52.23% of the total urban land area. The whole city is located in the continental monsoon climate zone in the north temperate zone, which is influenced by Mongolian cold air and warm ocean monsoon. The general characteristics are: cold and snowy in winter; There are many spring and autumn monsoons. The frost-free period is short throughout the year. Rain and heat in the same season are beneficial to the growth of crops and pastures. At 200 1 year, the average temperature is 6.2 degrees Celsius, the annual sunshine hours are 2,658 hours, the average frost-free period is 168 days, the average temperature in summer is 23.2 degrees Celsius, and the daily temperature difference during the growth and development of crops is above 10 degrees Celsius.

aster

Daqing is rich in oil and natural gas resources underground, and excellent cultivated land, grassland, water surface and other resources on the ground. The industrial output value of these resources accounts for more than 80% of the GDP of 200 1 year.

Oil and gas source

The petroleum exploration scope of Daqing includes the whole territory of Heilongjiang Province and a vast area of 720,000 square kilometers in Hulunbeier League of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, accounting for113 of the land area of China. Among them, Songliao Basin covers an area of 260,000 square kilometers, spanning Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning provinces, accounting for about 6.5438+0.2 million square kilometers of Heilongjiang. In geological history, it used to be a large inland lake basin, which was rich in oil-generating materials in Mesozoic Jurassic and Cretaceous. The thickness of sedimentary rocks in the center of the basin exceeds 7000 to 9000 meters. According to? Daqing city annals? According to records, it is scientifically predicted that there are at least100-1500 million tons of oil reserves in this area, and the recoverable oil reserves are 800-1000 million tons; The total natural gas reserves are 858-429 billion cubic meters. Daqing Oilfield has been developed from 1960 to 200 1, with proven oil-bearing area of 44 15.8 square kilometers, petroleum geological reserves of 5.587 billion tons, proven gas-bearing area of 472.3 square meters and natural gas reserves of 57.443 billion cubic meters.

Daqing petroleum has medium specific gravity, high viscosity, high wax content, high freezing point and low sulfur content. Generally called "three highs and one less", it belongs to low sulfur paraffin-based type and is an ideal petrochemical raw material.

Natural gas resources in Daqing area are buried in shallow and deep strata above 700- 1200m, showing a sedimentary burial state. Associated with oil, each ton of crude oil contains 50-70 cubic meters of natural gas; It is mainly methane, accounting for 64.5-9 1.3%, which can be directly used as raw material for fertilizer production; The content of condensate oil is high, 70-170g per cubic meter, which has extremely high industrial value.

Cultivated land and resources

In 2006, 495,000 hectares of land in Daqing were used for grain production, and 300,000 hectares were to be developed. Agricultural experts predict that if all cultivated land in Daqing is developed and utilized, more than 4 billion Jin of grain can be harvested every year.

Water surface source

Daqing City is dotted with rivers, lakes and berths. The total surface area of natural fresh water is 320,000 hectares, which is 53.5 times that of Victoria, Hong Kong, and most of it is not fully utilized.

Surface water sources mainly come from natural precipitation, Nenjiang water and Songhua River water. Natural precipitation is mostly concentrated in urban areas 150 bubbles. Nenjiang River flows through the territory, with a total length of 260.96 kilometers, annual runoff of more than 30 billion cubic meters and irrigation area of 249,800 hectares. Songhua River flows through the territory, with a length of 128.6 km and an annual flow of 27.28 billion cubic meters. Daqing is rich in water resources, which enables hundreds of species of fish to thrive, with more than 240 species of migratory birds.

The total water resources in Daqing area is 5.64 billion cubic meters, of which the recoverable reserves are 365.438+0.5 billion cubic meters. The maximum flow of hot springs in Lindian County is 37.5 tons/hour, and the water temperature is 39-40 degrees. They can be used for bathing and drinking directly. The quality of mineral water contains 17 element, and the chloride content is 1 144.69mg/t, which can treat many diseases and ranks 1 1 among the 300 mineral water resources in China. In February, the first geothermal exploration well 1999 in Lindian County tested water, marking the discovery of extra-large geothermal fields in China.

Zi Yuan, Cao Yuan

According to the latest statistics, by 200 1, the total grassland area of Daqing City is 690,000 hectares, accounting for 32.8% of the land area, ranking first in Heilongjiang Province. There are 533,000 hectares of grassland, including 67,000 hectares of severely degraded grassland, 20,000 hectares of desertified grassland and 233,000 hectares of degraded grassland. There are two kinds of natural pasture in grassland: wild pasture, barnyard grass and PUCCINELLIA tenuiflora 12, and Leymus chinensis is the main one. Leymus chinensis has excellent quality and high nutritional value. Each kilogram of hay contains 32-75g digestible protein, which is the same as the nutritional value of leguminous wild alfalfa.

Other sources

Daqing also has Chinese herbal medicines, reeds, forestry, tourism and other resources. Saposhnikovia divaricata, Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch and other Chinese herbal medicines 150, with a total reserve of10 million kilograms. Every summer and autumn, Chinese herbal medicine merchants gather in Daqing to transport millions of kilograms of Chinese herbal medicines and sell some of them to Japan and Southeast Asia. There are 6.5438+0.05 million hectares of reeds in the city, ranking first in Heilongjiang, which is an excellent raw material for the paper industry. Daqing has woodland 165800 hectares, and the green coverage rate of the built-up area is 3 1. 1%. A good natural environment provides conditions for the growth, habitat and reproduction of wild animals. Daqing is also rich in petroleum culture, wetland scenery, folk customs, wildlife viewing, hot spring recuperation and other tourism resources.

climate

The climate of 200 1 year is characterized by extreme high temperature and little rain. The temperature in spring, summer and autumn is extremely high, and there is rare high temperature weather in the same period in history in summer, and the temperature in winter is extremely low, resulting in rare abnormal weather in 40 years. The precipitation is less, the sunshine hours are less than normal, the accumulated temperature of 10 degrees is more than normal, the last frost and the first frost are earlier, and the windy days in spring are less than the climate value. At the beginning of April, it encountered a sandstorm that was rare in history.