When are the seeds of Celosia cristata planted?

Celosia cristata is best sown and propagated in April-May at a temperature of 20 -25 degrees. Before sowing, some cake fertilizer or manure and compost can be applied to the seedbed as base fertilizer. When sowing, some fine soil should be added to the seeds for sowing. Because the seeds of Celosia cristata are small, the soil cover should be 2-3 mm, not deep. Before sowing, the soil in the seedbed should be kept moist. After sowing, you can spray some water with a fine-eye watering can and then shade the seedbed. Do not water for two weeks. Generally, seedlings can emerge in 7- 10 days. When the seedlings grow 3-4 true leaves, they can be thinned once, and some weak seedlings and over-dense seedlings can be pulled out. When the seedlings grow to 5-6 cm high, they should be transplanted and planted with root soil.

When the temperature is 65438+ normal temperature 15-20 degrees, the seedlings can emerge in 10- 15 days.

2. After sowing in summer, sow with a row spacing of 30cm. When the seedlings grow to a height of 6 cm, plant them at a spacing of 20 cm. The seedlings between them can be transferred to other fields, and they must be watered after the transfer. Weed and loosen the soil at seedling stage, and water as little as possible when it is not too dry. The height of seedlings is 30 cm, and topdressing should be done once. After closing the ridge, the old leaves should be slightly removed. When flowering and heading, if the weather is dry, water it properly, and prevent water accumulation in low-lying areas in rainy season. After heading, the flower buds between the lower leaves can be erased, which is beneficial to the growth of nutrients concentrated in the top main ear.

3, of course, you can also cultivate in the greenhouse, as long as you pay attention to humidity and temperature; But if the greenhouse is planted outside, it must sprout and grow four leaves, and then it must be taken outside at night to strengthen its seedlings, that is, to let it learn to adapt to the cold environment, otherwise it will grow slender and delicate and will soon die.

plant

plant

In spring, when the seedlings grow to 2-4 pieces, they are planted in pots. When planting, it should be planted slightly deeper, leaving only cotyledons on the soil surface and drying the pot soil slightly to induce inflorescences to appear as soon as possible. After inflorescence occurs, change pots to 16 cm. Before turning over the pot, water it thoroughly. If you want to get extra-large flower heads, you can change the 23 cm pot and pay attention to the collocation of flower pots. Small potted dwarf species, large potted cockscomb and other high-growth species. Short-branched varieties should be cored after planting to promote branching; But erect and branched varieties do not need to be top-notch.

Light and temperature prefer warmth to cold. There should be enough light during the growing period, and at least 4 hours of light should be guaranteed every day. The suitable growth temperature is 18 -28℃. When the temperature is low, it grows slowly, and the planted forest dies after winter.

3. Fertilizing and watering pots should be fertile, mixed with fertile loam and cooked manure. Proper watering must be done during the growing period, but the basin soil should not be too wet, so it is better to be wet and dry. Prevent white or late flowering. Adding phosphate fertilizer in the later stage of growth can promote vigorous growth and huge inflorescences. In the stage of seed maturity, it is advisable to water the seeds less, so as to facilitate the seeds to mature and keep the colors bright for a long time.

Key points of cultivation

Optimum temperature for germination: 20-30℃ Sowing period: autumn and spring.

Suitable growth temperature: 10-30℃ Flowering: all year round.

Seedling raising: Sow the seeds in the culture soil and keep the soil moist for about 6-8 days to germinate. After thinning, transplant when 4-5 leaves are planted. Be careful not to break the straight root.

Planting: Planting well-drained soil. This plant is heat-resistant and needs plenty of sunshine. The spacing of flower beds is 15CM. Nutritional fertilizers, such as organic fertilizers, compound fertilizers or flowers and fruits, should be applied at seedling stage and growth stage.

Cultivation correlation

Celosia cristata likes sunshine, is barren-resistant, afraid of stagnant water, not cold-resistant, and grows well under high temperature and dry climate conditions. Under normal circumstances, there is no need to water and fertilize. Celosia cristata can be used as potted ornamental flowers. Generally, seedlings are not cultivated in pots, but pots are selected from cockscomb flowers in flowering period. Plant it deeper when you go to the pot, so it is best to put the leaves close to the soil surface of the pot. Don't loosen the lump when transplanting, water it after planting, start fertilization after 7 days, and apply liquid fertilizer once every half month. Before the inflorescence is formed, the basin soil should be kept dry to facilitate the inoculation of inflorescence. After the bud is formed, liquid fertilizer can be applied every 7- 10 days and watered properly.

If you want the Celosia cristata to be stout, and the corolla to be plump, thick and colorful, you can change it into a big pot after the inflorescence is formed, but you should pay attention to it when transplanting, because its root system is extremely fragile, otherwise it is not easy to survive.

Celosia cristata is cross-pollinated, and it is easy to cross and mutate among varieties. Therefore, the varieties left in seeds should be isolated at flowering stage. When reserving seeds, the seeds at the lower part of inflorescence should be harvested to preserve the variety characteristics.

Scientific protection

① Pot soil: select fertile sandy loam with good drainage or mixed medium mixed with humus, garden soil and sandy soil according to the ratio of 1: 4: 2.

② Upper pot: You can choose the upper pot directly from the Celosia cristata planted on the ground during the flowering period. Be careful not to loosen the flowerpot, plant it deeper and make the leaves as close as possible to the soil surface of the flowerpot.

③ Watering: Water thoroughly after planting, and then water properly. Try not to let the sludge get on the leaves below when watering.

④ Fertilization: After bud formation, apply dilute compound liquid fertilizer every 10 day.

How to make the color of cockscomb beautiful

There are many varieties of Celosia cristata, including three plant types: high, medium and short. Shapes include cockscomb, torch, pompon, feather, fan shape, etc. Colors are bright red, orange yellow, dark red, purple, white, red and yellow variegated and so on. The leaves are crimson, green, yellow-green, red-green and so on, which are very beautiful and have become common flower beds in summer and autumn.

If the management and maintenance are improper in cultivation, the flowers are often scarce and the color is dim, which affects the ornamental value of Celosia cristata.

In order to make Celosia cristata large and colorful, attention should be paid to cultivation and maintenance:

① Planted on sandy loam with high and dry terrain, abundant sunshine, fertile soil and good drainage.

(2) don't water too much during the growth period, control watering after flowering, water properly when the weather is dry, and drain water in time in rainy days.

③ All axillary buds were removed at seedling stage.

④ After the comb is formed, apply 1 diluted compound liquid fertilizer every 10 day (2-3 times).

disease control

When root rot occurs at seedling stage, quicklime can be used to spread in the field. Small bridge-building insects are easy to occur in the growth period. Spraying diluted detergent, dimethoate or pyrethroid pesticides on leaves can prevent propagation and cultivation.

(1) ring rot

Main symptoms: large round lesions with brown periphery appear on the leaves, and there are obvious concentric wheel marks on the surface of the lesions. In the later stage, the center of the lesion was grayish brown and scattered in small black spots.

(2) Epidemics

Main symptoms: The leaves are small dark green spots at first, and then spread out. The lesion is soft rot in high humidity and light brown dry lesion in low humidity.

(3) Spot disease

Main symptoms: the lesion on the leaf is polygonal or round, with a diameter of 1 ~ 5 mm, dark brown around and light brown in the middle.

(4) Rhizoctonia solani

Main symptoms: Pathogens mainly infect rhizomes. Before emergence, the seed buds rotted in the soil, showing the lack of seedlings on the ground. After emergence, the damaged roots appeared dark brown, soft and waterlogged, and the top of the plant withered and eventually died. When the disease is serious, the leaves touching the ground are also prone to produce dark green to brown waterlogging spots, causing leaf rot.

(5) Stem rot

Main symptoms: diseases mostly damage the stem base. At the beginning, yellow-brown spots appeared in the affected area, and then gradually expanded into oval or long lesions with brown edges and yellow or grayish white centers, and finally small black spots appeared on the lesions.

Chemical control

1, sprayed in time at the initial stage of the disease. The medicine is 1: 1: 200 Bordeaux solution, 50% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder, 500 times carbendazim wettable powder and 600-800 times mycotoxin suspending agent. Or 300-500 times of zineb wettable powder.

In addition to using diluted detergent, modern methods to protect the environment can also plant some plants around to drive away insects, or release some beneficial insects that eat those pests.