Who's Liu Xiahui? Does he have any famous stories? Symbolize what? Thank you, everyone.

Zhan, whose real name is Zhan, was born in China in the Spring and Autumn Period, the son of Lu, and the descendant of the son Zhan. "Liu Xiahui" is his food city and "Hui" is his posthumous title, so people later called him "Liu Xiahui". It is said that he is also called Ji, so it is sometimes called Liu. He worked as a doctor in Lu, and later retired as a "hermit". Liu Xiahui is regarded as a model of abiding by China's traditional morality, and his "sit-in" story is widely celebrated in China. Mencius said that "Liu Xiahui was also in harmony with saints", so he was also called "in harmony with saints". China is also the ancestor of Liu. After the establishment of the Zhou dynasty (BC 1046~ 256 BC), the king of Wu was enfeoffed as the father of the country, and his brother was made a duke in Lufeng, both of which were in Qufu, but he continued to be in power, and his eldest son, Bird Father (word "bird"), was made a duke in history. Its five generations of grandchildren are all called "famous", that is, the twelfth land (before? Before 769), there was a sub-exhibition of Kiko (or a childe exhibition and an art exhibition). Zi Zhan's grandson said that there is no terror. In 7 15 BC, there were no casualties. At that time, the vassal took the word posthumous title, so Lu Yingong ordered his family to take the word grandfather as their surname. This is the beginning of Zhan's. Zhan bird is a fearless son, which is the historical origin of Zhan and Liu's respect for Zhan bird, that is, the ancestor. Although Mencius called Xia Hui "the saint of harmony", there are few records about his life in history books. These records are scattered in the pre-Qin ancient books such as Zuo Zhuan, Guoyu, The Analects of Confucius, Mencius, etc. Some records have a clear time, while others are closer to an evaluation of him. The Analects of Confucius was recorded when Lu was an official. This is a small official in charge of punishment and prison proceedings. At that time, Lu declined, and state affairs were in the hands of Zang Wenzhong and others. Liu Xiahui, born with honesty and frankness, does not cater to everything, and naturally tends to offend powerful people. It was very disappointing that he was released from prison three times in a row. 100 years later, Confucius was still very angry when talking about this matter, saying: "Zang Wenzhong and his thieves and? Know the sages of Liu Xiahui without standing with them! " (The Analects of Confucius, Wei Linggong) Although Liu Xiahui was repeatedly hit and excluded, his moral knowledge was world-famous, and governors from all over the world scrambled to hire him with high officials and generous salaries, but he refused him one by one. Someone asked him why, and he replied, "What's wrong with the straight road? There are no three?" ? Why do you go to your parents' country when you are working for others? "(The Analects of Confucius) Consciousness means that I was repeatedly exonerated in Shandong because I adhered to the principle of being a man. If you stick to it all the time, you will be exempted wherever you go; If you give up the principle of being a man, you can also get high officials and generous salaries in Shandong. Then why did you leave my hometown where I was born and raised? "Liu Xiahui's honest man in Mandarin has several clear records in the history books. It is recorded in "On Mandarin and Lu Language" that in the summer of 26 years (before 63 1), Qi sent troops to crusade against Lu, and Zang Wenzhong asked how to choose words to make Qi withdraw. Liu Xiahui said: I heard that big countries set a good example for small countries, and small countries can prevent disasters if they serve big countries well; Now that Lu is arrogant as a small country and angered a big country, it is tantamount to asking for trouble. No matter how you phrase it, it's useless. To say this is tantamount to an outspoken criticism of Zang Zailu's ruling behavior. Liu Xiahui has a younger brother named Zhan, who works as a doctor in Shandong. Qi led the troops to attack Lu. Luno sent Zhan to comfort the soldiers in order to meet them. When Liu Xiahui learned the news, he gave Jenny a master plan and invited him to meet Qi Xiaohong in Qiying. Xiao Gong asked, "I am in Qi. Are you scared? "Zhan Xi smiled." Only villains are afraid, but gentlemen are not! " Xiao Wen asked why. Zhanxi said, "I have orders from the king first. At first, Duke Zhou and Duke Qi, the monarch of Lu, both got help from Zhou Chengwang. King Cheng once gave a letter of alliance saying that Qilu and China should reconcile from generation to generation and not kill each other. Now the Covenant is still hidden in the palace and recorded in the history books. Whenever the new king ascended the throne, he must solemnly swear and never forget it. You have only been on the throne for a few days. How could you leave this? " JiXiaoGong speechless, self-knowledge indefensible, had to withdraw. The monarch of the State of Qi sent someone to ask Lu for the top of Cending, a treasure handed down from generation to generation. Duke Zhuang of Lu could not bear to part with him, and was afraid of offending the rude State of Qi, so he planned to pretend to be a fake tripod. Qi people said, "We don't trust you, but we only trust Liu Xiahui, who is famous for his honesty and integrity. If he says this tripod is real, we will be relieved. " Zhuang Gong had to send someone to beg Liu Xiahui. Liu Xiahui said, "Fame is the only wealth in my life. If I tell a lie, it will be self-destruction. How can I keep your treasure at the expense of destroying my treasure? " Zhuanggong was helpless and had to send it to Qi with a real tripod. Guoyu also recorded the story of Liu Xiahui criticizing Zang Wenzhong for offering sacrifices to seabirds. A seabird named Xianju stayed outside the east gate of the capital of Lu for several days. Zang Wenzhong asked people in Beijing to sacrifice. Liu Xiahui, however, said that Zang's state rule was simply out of order. Sacrifice is an important system of the country, and the system is the foundation of successful governance. Therefore, we should carefully formulate laws and regulations on sacrifice, and these systems should be based on the principle of sacred king sacrifice. The holy king only sacrifices people and things that have contributed to the people and the country, so Zhu, Houtu, Huangdi, Zhuan Xu, Yao, Shun, Gun, Yu ... until Zhou Wenwang and Zhou Wuwang, they can be sacrificed by future generations; In addition, land, grains, mountain gods, sages and sages, the sun, moon and stars in the sky, the five elements on the ground, and the famous mountains, rivers and swamps in Kyushu should also be sacrificed. But seabirds "live" in Shandong, and they don't know why they fly, which doesn't necessarily mean that they have any merits for the people. So it is not a kind and wise move to decide to sacrifice them. Liu Xiahui guessed that seabirds came to avoid disaster, but it turned out that his guess was right. This incident not only shows Liu Xiahui's integrity as an official, but also shows his familiarity with the ritual system of the holy king, which is why he is valued by Confucianism. The story of "sitting with open arms" is widely known in China, and Liu Xiahui is regarded as a model of observing traditional morality. Nowadays, people still use "Liu Xiahui" or "sitting still" to describe men's proper behavior on gender issues. The phrase "Sit with your arms open" comes from Biography of Mao Heng in The Book of Songs Xiaoya Xiang Bo. When Mao Heng annotated Xiang Bo, he told a story: A man in Lu lived alone in one room, and his neighbor was a widow living alone in one room. One night, when the storm raged and the widow's house was destroyed, the woman came to the man and asked for shelter. Men don't let women in. The woman said to him from the window, "Why don't you let me in?" The man said, "I heard that men and women can't live together until they are 60." "Now I am still young, and so are you. I can't let you in." The woman said, "Why don't you use your body to warm a woman who can't get in in the cold? Just like Liu Xiahui, others won't think he has indecent behavior." The man said, "Liu Xiahui can open the door but I can't. Therefore, I want to use my' don't open the door' to learn from Liu Xiahui's' open the door'. " This story shows that at the latest in the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, there was a legend about Liu Xiahui sitting still, but it was a little vague. In Yuan Dynasty, Hu Bingwen's "Pure Seeking" further enriched the details of "sit-in": Lu people and birds lived outside the city gate and made long-distance trips. It was cold at that time, and suddenly a woman came to stay. Liu Xiahui was afraid that she would freeze to death, so she sat in her arms and covered her with clothes. The ceremony was not held until dawn the next day. The story of Liu Xiahui sitting still circulated by later generations is roughly the same as this version. After his death, Liu Xiahui lived in seclusion in Liuxia, where he enrolled students and taught culture and etiquette, which was deeply loved by the villagers. Disciples will discuss posthumous title for him after his death. His wife said, "If you praise your master's virtue, your two sons and three sons will not know it as well as my concubine, and said,' Your master will never cut it, but he will never use it, and he will be sincere and will not harm others. A confession is made under duress, and the consciousness of obeying customs is not strong. It is a great virtue to save the people from shame. It doesn't hurt to die three times. A gentleman with an open mind can always be diligent. It's a pity, next life. It's been a few years, but now it's gone. Alas, ghosts and gods are venting. The owner posthumous title should be "Hui Xi" (Biography of the Fierce Woman), and the bird posthumous title is "Hui". Liu Xiahui was buried in the sunshine of Wenshui after his death, and his tomb has always been protected by people. Qin Faqi, passing by the cemetery, ordered: "Anyone who goes to the cemetery to collect firewood will die without forgiveness." In the 28th year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty (1902), Ling Mao of Tai 'an County renovated his mausoleum three times and erected boundary stones around it. In order to prevent soil erosion, earth dikes were built on the south, west and north sides of the tomb, and a 30-foot stone dam was built in the southeast to protect it, and thousands of willows were planted, reappearing the ancient style of "colorful trees" in Liu Xiahui. Evaluation of Liu Xiahui's choice to adhere to the "straight road for the people", finally can only go to official seclusion, to be a "submissive". The Analects of Confucius records that Confucius' evaluation of Liu Xiahui is: "Those who lose their ambition are humiliated, and their words are reasonable and their actions are restrained." This means that compared with Boyi and Shu Qi, Liu Xiahui would rather starve to death than eat Zhou Su. Although he humiliated his identity, he can behave ethically and rationally. In Zuo Zhuan, Confucius also condemned Zang Wenzhong's resignation as one of the "three inhumanity" of Zang's ruling. Mencius worshiped Liu Xiahui very much. In Mencius, Liu Xiahui, Boyi, Yi Yin and Confucius are called the four great saints. They think that he is not ashamed because the monarch is not wise, and he does not resign because of his humble position. People who are in high positions and do not forget to recommend talents are forgotten among the people and have no resentment; Don't worry when you are poor, you will feel very happy when you get along with rural people. He thinks he can get along with anyone without being adversely affected. Therefore, after hearing about Liu Xiahui's tolerance towards others, the original narrow-minded people will become tolerant and generous, and the original mean people will become honest and kind. Mencius believed that a saint like Liu Xiahui could be a "teacher of eternal life".