Similarities and differences between temperate monsoon climate and subtropical monsoon climate

First, the difference between temperate monsoon climate and subtropical monsoon climate:

1, temperature:

The average temperature in Leng Yue is above 0℃ in subtropical monsoon climate and below 0℃ in temperate monsoon climate.

2. Precipitation:

(1) Annual precipitation: subtropical monsoon climate 800- 1500mm, temperate monsoon climate 400-800mm；;

(2) Length of rainy season: the rainy season is long in subtropical monsoon climate and short in temperate monsoon climate.

(3) The seasonal variation of precipitation in subtropical monsoon climate is relatively less than that in temperate monsoon climate.

3. Distribution range:

Temperate monsoon climate is mainly distributed in the north of Qinhuai in eastern China, and subtropical monsoon climate is mainly distributed in the south of Qinhuai in eastern China.

4. Regional distribution and characteristics of agricultural development:

(1) temperate monsoon climate: the vegetation is temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest, north of Qinling-Huaihe line; Winter wheat is planted in North China, and the crop maturity system is three crops in two years or two crops in one year; Spring wheat is planted to the north of the Great Wall, and the crops are cooked once a year.

(2) Subtropical monsoon climate: the vegetation is subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest, south of Qinling-Huaihe line; Rice is mainly planted, and crops are cooked two or three times a year.

2. Similarities between temperate monsoon climate and subtropical monsoon climate:

1, monsoon climate characteristics, rain and heat at the same time (high temperature in summer, abundant precipitation);

2, monsoon climate, frequent droughts and floods.

3. The reason is the same:

The role of monsoon system is to drive the atmospheric exchange between the southern hemisphere and the northern hemisphere, so it has large-scale characteristics and brings abundant precipitation to its affected areas. The formation of monsoon circulation has its specific geographical background and thermal conditions, and its fundamental driving factor is the seasonal variation of solar radiation and its embodiment in atmospheric circulation.

Extended data:

1, East Asian monsoon region:

The main members of the East Asian monsoon system are the low-level monsoon trough, namely, intertropical convergence zone, front, low-level southwest wind and southeast wind jet (including low-level cross-equatorial airflow-southwest monsoon) and Australian cold high. The middle layer is the western Pacific subtropical high, and the upper layer is the South Asia high-the Qinghai-Tibet high.

The main reasons for the formation of East Asian monsoon system are the seasonal variation of wind system caused by the thermal difference between land and sea and the seasonal movement of planetary wind belt. Since 1980s, domestic scholars have proposed that there exists an East Asian monsoon circulation system which is independent of the Indian monsoon circulation system and has certain interaction, and put forward the concept of subtropical monsoon.

In summer, the circulation system consists of the Australian cold anticyclone, the cross-equatorial airflow in the South China Sea, the intertropical convergence zone subtropical high (the south subtropical southwest monsoon changes from easterly to northern subtropical high), the subtropical rain belt (Meiyu belt) and the mid-high latitude cold westerly wind. With the seasonal change of monsoon system, the summer rain belt in China presents a regular pattern of pushing north and jumping north, forming a flood season from south to north in different periods.

2. South Asian monsoon region

The Indian monsoon in South Asia is the strongest monsoon system in the world. The subtropical high in the southern hemisphere moves northward close to the equator with the seasonal change, and its low-level airflow flows counterclockwise, and then passes through the equator after merging with the southeast trade winds in the southern Indian Ocean, forming a cross-equatorial airflow. This cross-equatorial airflow is influenced by the topography of East Africa, and forms the southwest airflow under the Coriolis force of somali jet and somali jet, that is, the southwest monsoon of Indian Peninsula. Because the southwest monsoon comes from somali jet, the summer monsoon in South Asia is quite strong.

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, located in the northern part of the Indian Peninsula, not only blocks other weather systems from the north, but also prevents the southwest monsoon from extending northward and flowing along the southern part of the plateau. Therefore, it is the existence of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau that determines the stability of the southwest monsoon direction in the South Asian monsoon region. Because the surface temperature of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is higher than the atmospheric temperature in the adjacent areas, the south pressure high is formed at the upper level, which represents the divergence of the upper atmosphere and is conducive to maintaining the low-level low-pressure system in the southern part of the Plateau.

3. Other monsoon regions:

Australia also belongs to the monsoon region and is integrated with the Asian monsoon. Its main climatic characteristics are weak winter wind and strong summer monsoon. The east coast of Africa belongs to the category of Indian monsoon, with10 ~ May as the northeast monsoon and July ~ August as the southwest monsoon. West Africa also shows alternating southwest monsoon and northeast monsoon. In summer, there are four months of southwest monsoon, which is caused by crossing the equator, and the rest of the time is northeast monsoon, with a humid and rainy climate.

Baidu encyclopedia-monsoon climate

Baidu encyclopedia-temperate monsoon climate

Baidu encyclopedia-subtropical monsoon climate