The greenhouse effect refers to whether global temperatures increase or decrease. So why are winters still so cold?

The greenhouse effect (English: Greenhouse effect), also known as the "greenhouse effect", is the common name for the atmospheric insulation effect. The atmosphere can make the short-wave radiation of the sun reach the ground, but the long-wave thermal radiation emitted by the surface is absorbed by the atmosphere, which increases the temperature of the surface and lower atmosphere. Because it acts like a greenhouse for cultivating crops, it is called the greenhouse effect. Since the Industrial Revolution, the amount of heat-trapping greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide emitted by humans into the atmosphere has increased year by year, and the greenhouse effect of the atmosphere has also increased. This has caused a series of serious problems such as global warming, which has caused concern in countries around the world. of attention.

Impact

Greenhouse gases effectively absorb infrared radiation emitted by the same gases and clouds on the Earth's surface and in the atmosphere itself. Atmospheric radiation is emitted in all directions, including toward the Earth's surface below. Greenhouse gases trap heat in the ground-tropospheric system. This is called the "natural greenhouse effect." Atmospheric radiation is strongly coupled to the temperature levels of its gas emissions. In the troposphere, temperature generally decreases with increasing altitude. Infrared radiation emitted into space from a certain height is generally generated at a height with an average temperature of -19°C, and is balanced by the income of solar radiation, thereby maintaining the earth's surface temperature at an average of 14°C. The increase in greenhouse gas concentration leads to an increase in the opacity of the atmosphere to infrared radiation, causing effective radiation to be emitted into space from places with lower temperatures and higher altitudes. This creates a radiative forcing, an imbalance that can only be compensated by an increase in the temperature of the surface tropospheric system. This is the "enhanced greenhouse effect." If this effect did not exist in the atmosphere, surface temperatures would drop by about 3 degrees or more. On the contrary, if the greenhouse effect continues to intensify, global temperatures will continue to rise year by year.

The Economics of Climate Change report released in 2006 showed that if we continue our current lifestyle, there is a 50% chance that global temperatures will rise by more than 4 degrees Celsius by 2100. At the same time, the British "Guardian" stated that if the temperature rises like this, it will disrupt the lives of millions of people around the world and even the global ecological balance, eventually leading to large-scale migration and conflicts around the world.