What happiness will the wind bring to mankind?

Wind comes from the uneven heating of the earth's surface by the sun. The sun shines on the earth, and the earth is unevenly heated. In some places, if the air heats up rapidly, it will expand and rise. In some places, if the air is heated slowly, cooler air will flow along the ground to replenish the air. This flow forms the wind.

In order to distinguish the magnitude of wind power, people divide it into 13, the smallest wind power is 0 and the largest wind power is 12. 12 above are collectively referred to as hurricanes. The standard of wind power is calculated according to the wind speed. The greater the wind speed, the greater the wind force. Because the wind is closely related to people's lives, it is necessary to report the magnitude and direction of the wind in the coal field in the weather forecast.

Whenever we hear the typhoon forecast information, we will naturally think of the terrible scenes such as storms, huge waves and storm surges. Typhoon is a very strong storm in the western Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea, with the wind force exceeding 10. According to statistics, there are at least 20 cases in which a typhoon killed more than 5,000 people worldwide, of which 10 killed more people 10 people.

1944,1One day in February 1944, the US Third Fleet was stationary in Luzon Island, Philippines, and about 150 planes on the stopped aircraft carrier were destroyed. The wind blew the plane into the sea easily.

You may have heard of tornadoes. 1988 was officially named tornado. In ancient times when science was underdeveloped, people saw this funnel-shaped cloud hanging from the bottom of the cloud, stretching and contracting, and sometimes reaching the ground, destroying trees and buildings. They thought it was a dragon's tail hanging down, proving that there was a living dragon in the sky. Now we know that a tornado is a spiral with a central air pressure and a bottom, with a diameter of only a few meters to tens of meters, but the wind speed is often as high as 100 meters per second. Sometimes even faster than the speed of sound, only a few seconds from occurrence to disappearance, but its destructive power is sometimes greater than the earthquake. It can drag tens of thousands of tons of whole carriages into the air and throw thousands of tons of ships from the sea to the shore. 1967 a tornado occurred in Shanghai, China, and 22 high-voltage power towers were pulled up or twisted.

2. Color wind turbines

The wind contains great energy. About 2% of the radiation heat from the sun to the earth is converted into wind energy, which is equivalent to10.08 billion tons of coal reserves, which is about10.000 times of the global annual energy consumption, and it is inexhaustible, with pollution or pollution everywhere.

However, using wind power to generate electricity is not easy. The wind has many weaknesses. The wind is sometimes big and sometimes small, sometimes not, the wind direction is not top, unpredictable and extremely unstable. In particular, the air density is extremely small, only 1/8 16 of water, so to obtain the same power as water, the diameter of wind turbine rotor is several hundred times larger than that of water turbine. However, whether the blades of the wind turbine can be made too long, we need to find ways to improve the efficiency of the wind turbine to reduce the cost of wind power generation. Although wind energy is difficult to control, people still try their best to use it. The first wind power station in the world was established in Denmark in 189 1 year. The United States is also one of the countries that engaged in wind power generation earlier. 1945, Glen Passenaud built a 1250 kW wind turbine, which ran for 16 months, and finally broke because the blades weighed 8 tons. France also built an 800 kW wind power station in 1950s, and the same problem happened. However, people have not given up the pursuit of new wind power generation technology. After a period of uneven development, wind power generation technology is gradually maturing. At present, there are many kinds of wind turbines developed by countries all over the world. The cost is also decreasing.

wind energy

(wind energy)

Kinetic energy generated by a large number of air currents on the earth's surface. Because of the different temperature changes, the water vapor content in the air is different after being irradiated by the sun, and the air pressure in different places is different. High-pressure air flows to the low-pressure area in the horizontal direction, forming wind. Wind energy resources depend on wind energy density and accumulated hours of available wind energy. Wind energy density is the available wind power per windward area, which is directly proportional to the cubic power of wind speed and air density. It is estimated that the global total wind energy is about 654.38+30 million kilowatts, and that in China is about 654.38+60 million kilowatts. Wind energy resources are greatly influenced by topography. Most of the world's wind energy resources are concentrated in coastal areas and contraction zones of open continents, such as California coast in the United States and some countries in northern Europe, and there are also abundant wind energy resources in the southeast coast of China, Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang and Gansu. The wind energy density in the southeast coast of China and its nearby islands can reach more than 300 W/m2, and the wind speed of 3-20m/s accumulates over 6,000 hours every year. The inland areas with the best wind energy resources, along Inner Mongolia to Xinjiang, have a wind energy density of 200-300 W/m2, and the wind speed of 3-20 m/s accumulates 5000-6000 hours every year. These areas are suitable for developing wind power generation and wind pumping. Xinjiang Dabancheng Wind Power Station 1992 is the largest wind power station in China with an installed capacity of 5,500 kilowatts.

In nature, wind is a renewable and pollution-free huge energy source. With global warming and energy crisis, countries are stepping up the development and utilization of wind power generation, trying to reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and protect the earth on which we live.

There are two main forms of wind energy utilization: wind power generation and wind power generation, of which wind power generation is the main one.

Taking wind energy as power means using wind to directly drive various mechanical devices, such as driving a water pump to lift water. This kind of wind engine has the advantages of low investment, high efficiency, economy and durability. At present, there are more than100000 wind-driven pumps in operation in the world. Many pastures in Australia are equipped with this kind of wind-driven water pump. In many countries with abundant wind resources, scientists also use wind engines to mow grass, grind powder and process feed.

Wind power generation is the earliest application in Denmark, and it is widely used. Although Denmark has a population of more than 5 million, it is a big producer of wind power and wind turbines in the world. Five of the global 65,438+00 wind turbine manufacturers are in Denmark, and more than 60% of the global wind turbine manufacturers are using Danish technology. It is a veritable "windmill country".

By the end of 2006, Germany, Spain and the United States were the top three countries in the world, accounting for 60% of the global wind power generation.

In addition, wind power has gradually entered residential buildings. In Britain, micro wind turbines with slowly rotating blades in the wind are becoming a new landscape. Installing miniature wind power generation equipment at home can not only provide domestic electricity, save money, but also be beneficial to environmental protection. The "greenest house" in the world was built by Marty William, the founder of Friends of the Earth, a famous British environmental protection organization, in five years. A fan-shaped turbine generator stands in front of the windward wall of the house, which converts wind energy into electric energy from time to time with the rotation of blades.

China is rich in wind energy resources, with the exploitable wind energy reserves of 654.38+0 billion kilowatts. The utilization of wind energy, especially for China's coastal islands, remote mountainous areas with inconvenient transportation, grassland pastures with vast land and sparsely populated areas, rural areas and frontiers far away from power grids, is of great significance as a reliable way to solve the problem of producing and living energy.

Now, no matter on the vast grassland or in the rugged mountainous area, we will see wind power stations that can withstand the wind and waves and operate stably. Whenever a strong wind comes, the collector will automatically turn around to meet the fierce wind. No matter how strong the wind is, it will be taken away and stored as electric energy to provide electricity for people. In this way, even in rural areas and pastures far away from the city, you can use electricity and live a happy life.

There are some limitations and shortcomings in the utilization of wind energy.

1) The wind speed is unstable and the generated energy is unstable.

2) The utilization of wind energy is seriously restricted by geographical location.

3) Low wind energy conversion efficiency

4) Wind energy is a new type of energy, and the corresponding equipment is not very mature.

In the 1990s, China's independent power supply system mainly used horizontal axis wind turbines and solar photovoltaic systems for power supply, which were mainly used in communication base stations, border posts, island troops and other special occasions. It is mainly the logistics support system of the army. After a period of application, many problems have been found. If the equipment is seriously damaged in the typhoon; The noise is loud, which affects the normal rest of personnel; Interference with communication equipment makes some equipment unable to operate normally. The occurrence of these problems has affected the normal communication of the troops. 200 1, in order to solve these problems, relevant units were convened for discussion, and Shanghai Moss Electronic Equipment Co., Ltd., as a supporting manufacturer of military communication products, was also invited. After the meeting, after a certain period of investigation and study, MUCE Company proposed to undertake the important task of tackling this scientific research problem, which was agreed by the military and local leaders, and issued instructions to come up with a technical scheme and make a prototype as soon as possible. With the cooperation of a group of experts from Xijun Electric Power, Xi Jiaotong University, Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai Tongji University and other universities, Shanghai Mosi Electronic Equipment Co., Ltd. successfully developed the world's first new (H-type) vertical axis wind turbine in less than a year, and successfully installed it, and gained basic data and practical experience. In the following year, MUCE made many improvements and tests on the products. At the end of 2002, the product passed all the tests and met all the design requirements. Since the end of 2002, MUCE has installed more than 60 sets of vertical axis wind turbines and wind-solar complementary systems in the army, which has made immortal contributions to the stability of national defense!