Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Weather forecast - How to survive in an earthquake Four ways to survive in an earthquake
How to survive in an earthquake Four ways to survive in an earthquake
Method 1: If you are in a motor vehicle.
1, stop the car quickly and stay in the car on the premise of safety. Avoid parking near or under buildings, trees, overpasses and public cables. They may fall on your car.
Stay in the car seat until the earthquake is over. Stay calm. Body metal will protect you and your family from most debris and collapsed objects.
The only exception is that you are in the garage or multi-storey parking lot. If you are in the garage, get off at once and squat down against the car, because in this case, the car body metal can't protect you from the concrete falling on the car body. If it is in a multi-storey parking lot, it is basically luck to survive. The way to maximize your chances of survival is the same as in the garage-squatting by the car.
Don't try to drive home. Most earthquakes have aftershocks, and their destructive power cannot be underestimated. Aftershocks will knock down the buildings damaged in the main earthquake.
Aftershocks may be as small as extremely slight, or as large as the original intensity of the main shock. This kind of secondary earthquake can last for more than ten seconds or longer, which can be life-threatening. Unfortunately, there is no way to know when they will happen. So you have no choice but to be vigilant.
3. After the earthquake stops, move forward carefully. Avoid roads, bridges or slopes that may be damaged by earthquakes.
4, waiting for the city or local rescue forces. You shouldn't spend a long time in the car waiting for the rescue troops to bring daily water and food.
Method 2: If you are in a building.
1, keep stable. Grab a solid object or lie on the ground to avoid falling.
2. Fall down, hide and hold on tight. This is the national standard for earthquake safety in the United States. Another suggestion is to lean on some solid furniture. In this way, if a wall falls down, it will form a crawling space for you to survive in. However, this "life triangle" life-saving rule is contrary to earthquake research, and it is not recommended by American Red Cross, Northern California Society of Structural Engineers and National Earthquake Union.
3. Cover your head and neck. Use your arms to protect these key parts from falling objects. Your upper body should also be covered, because it supports your neck and the latter supports your head.
If you have any respiratory diseases, make sure to cover your head with a T-shirt or handkerchief until the debris and dust settle down. Inhaling turbid air is not good for your lungs.
4. Don't move. If it is safe to do so, stay where you are for a minute or two until you are sure that the ground movement has stopped. Remember, aftershocks can happen at any time, and they are likely to happen after a major earthquake. Aftershocks can be as small as a few people or as large as leveling the whole city. It can knock down buildings that have been knocked down, especially fragile structures like mobile homes.
5. Leave the building slowly and carefully. For example, in case of fire, it is suggested that you meet your family in a pre-agreed earthquake safety zone, such as a nearby baseball field or park. Government assistance should be in place soon.
6, check your house, pay attention to those objects that may cause security risks. Broken glass, gas leakage or damage to household appliances are all examples of possible injuries. Do not turn electronic equipment on or off. Just pulling the light switch may produce sparks, which may make you get an electric shock or cause a fire. This kind of fire may be more deadly because it is close to the power line.
7. Check the damage around your building. You should check your house or building to see if there is fire or other damage. If you need water to put out the fire, you can take some from the water heater, but be careful because there is hot water there. When you have put out all the fires, carefully check the following list: stay away from the damaged area of the structure. Wait until the police, plumbers, firefighters or disaster relief teams have cleared the area and declared it safe before entering.
Clean up dangerous leaks. If gasoline catches fire and explodes, it will be fatal. If you only have paper towels, use more layers, because gasoline is toxic and difficult to wash off. It's a good idea to cover up the leaked gasoline with a few shovels of sand, but remember to mark this place and mark it "Gasoline leaks here".
Don't drink the water in the sink, because it may have been polluted. Don't flush the toilet, because most of the sewers were damaged in the main earthquake. Close the valve of the water supply and drainage system (if you don't know where the water valve is, ask the plumber to do it for you). Be sure to hold the sink and bathtub to prevent the sewage from flowing back.
Before using the fireplace, check the chimney for signs of damage. Invisible damage in these places may lead to fire.
Screening facilities. Check the gas leak. If you smell gas, hear blowing or hissing, open the window and leave the building quickly. If you can, turn off the main gas valve outside and call the gas company with your mobile phone or from your neighbor's house. Remember, no matter what reason the gas is turned off, it must be turned on by professionals.
Check the damage of the power system. If you see sparks, broken or worn wires, or smell insulation caused by heat, please cut off the current in the fuse box or circuit breaker. If you have to wade into a fuse box or a circuit breaker, call an electrician for advice.
Check the damage of sewers and water supply pipes. If you suspect that the sewer is damaged, avoid using the toilet and call the plumber. If the water pipe is damaged, contact the water supply company to avoid carrying water with the faucet. You can get safe water from bottled water or melted heated ice.
8. Open the cupboard carefully. If you open the cupboard door too quickly, the contents may fall and hit you. Please pay attention to the glass bottle when checking the damage. They may have broken or cracked. Pay special attention to alcohol, acid, detergent or anything that may cause harm to human body.
Method 3: If you are outdoors.
1. Stay where you are unless it is unsafe. Observe your surroundings, especially if you are in the city. Remember, even earthquake-resistant buildings may collapse. So don't think you are completely safe. Don't try to escape or drive away from the earthquake, it will only increase your risk of injury.
2. Leave buildings, street lamps, wires and anything that may fall down. Also make sure you are not near a broken fault or an open pit. It happened that people fell into a big hole that suddenly appeared in the earthquake and died. This kind of pit can appear anywhere, including roads or parks.
3. Find shelter near the hill or in a spacious place. If it is possible to fall on an object near you, go to a place where there is no danger overhead. Try to find a place to avoid bad weather. But make sure it is not a place where rocks and soil may slide to you when aftershocks occur. Don't look for shelter under the bridge, even if it is strong. Some bridges may be earthquake-resistant, but they are not completely safe, because objects such as signs or lights may still fall and hit you.
4. Stay away from buildings, wires or any big and heavy objects that may hit you. In addition, if in a snowstorm, don't walk around power lines, fallen street lamps or ruins. Make a broken glass, because even a small piece will hurt your feet. Wear heavy shoes to protect your feet.
If you decide to go outside the shelter, be careful. There may be others near you or your area. Everyone needs something like a mobile phone, because if one person is injured, another person can call 120 to call an ambulance.
6. Wait for one or two minutes after the first earthquake, and then move to other places. It is best to do this, because the aftershocks that follow the earthquake are often the strongest. If you finally decide to leave, please pay attention to the above safety rules and make sure that the debris will not fall on you.
Method 4: Prepare for the earthquake.
1. Reserve emergency supplies. In an emergency, many services, such as water and electricity available on weekdays, may be interrupted. To ensure survival, keep clean water and food at hand. Make sure that every family member knows where to find these supplies when they need to be taken away quickly. Besides sterile water, you need to include the following items in your emergency supplies: flashlight.
first-aid packet
money
Simple clothes
woollen blanket
2. Make a survival plan for your family. You or anyone who lives with you should have a plan to move to a safe place immediately and quickly. No family member should know exactly what to do and where to go when an earthquake happens. They should know the "safe" area of the house-under the solid table, close to the inner wall, especially the corner. They should also know the "dangerous areas" in the house-near windows or hanging objects, such as mirrors and photo frames. Exercise every six months to make sure that you and your loved ones know exactly what to do when an earthquake happens.
3. Learn first aid and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. If your family is injured in the earthquake, basic first aid can save their lives. Attend basic first-aid courses and obtain CPR certification. In this way, if the worst happens, you can always save lives.
4. Learn how to turn off water, electricity and gas. The earthquake may damage the pipes and/or circuit lines of the house, resulting in fatal consequences. After the earthquake, you should be prepared to close all the facilities in your home to ensure your own safety. If you turn off the gas after an earthquake or during exercise, don't try to light it again. This may lead to gas leakage and fire. Call the equipment company and ask them to help you.
5. Store dangerous goods in safe cabinets or low shelves. In order to minimize the risk of injury, do not put any dangerous articles (such as fragile articles, heavy objects, flammable liquids and harmful liquids) where they may fall or spill. Keep these items in a safe place, away from the designated safe area of your home.
Give me a hand. If you survive the main earthquake, join volunteers, do your best to help search for survivors, reunite with your family and pets, and clean up after the disaster.
Wear a sturdy open-toed shoes to protect your feet from broken glass, gravel and other harmful substances.
Listen to the latest emergency news on a battery-powered radio. If you need help, it will be very useful.
Help the injured, especially the young and the old. They need special care, and this time is no exception.
Conduct earthquake drills with your family at home to make sure that you are all prepared. Remember, the best shelter is an open space or near heavy furniture.
Don't panic. Earthquakes don't last long, usually only a few seconds to a minute. The San Francisco earthquake of 198 1 year only lasted 15 seconds. Even though being in an earthquake of 15 second may feel like an hour, it will eventually stop.
Make emergency calls only in real emergencies. The authorities know that there has been a big earthquake. If you can handle it yourself or wait for help safely, do so. The phone is likely to be busy by people who really need help.
If you are at school, follow the teacher's instructions. Generally speaking, you should bend over to avoid, get under the table, seek cover and protect your head and upper body.
If you hear the tsunami warning, leave the beach immediately. In 2004, thousands of people were swallowed up by the tsunami while watching the "empty sea". In the blink of an eye, a powerful tsunami hit the coast, engulfing thousands of people, destroying a large number of buildings and washing away hundreds of thousands of people. See Tsunami Survivor for details.
Generally speaking, earthquakes with intensity less than 6.0 should not be life-threatening. When this kind of weak earthquake occurs, you can usually lean against the wall or heavy furniture for support.
Reach an agreement with trusted relatives from other places and use them as contact points in major emergencies. Remember, the telephone line is likely to be busy, so try to make fewer calls, especially in the first few hours after the earthquake.
If you are trapped, try to get the attention of rescuers. Whistle or horn may make people find you.
Warning don't ignore the alarm, even if it is a false alarm. If you hear the alarm, get ready immediately, even if you may waste a few minutes because of a false alarm. If you don't hear the real alarm at all, the result may be ten times worse.
At 9: 50 pm on August 3 1, 1886, an earthquake occurred in Charleston, South Carolina. The earthquake intensity is 7.3 degrees, which is classified as the main earthquake. The city is more than 250 miles (400 kilometers) from the nearest earthquake fault. This shows that earthquakes do not only occur on fault lines.
Be alert to other disasters caused by earthquakes. Earthquakes may cause landslides or tsunamis in the waters near you. Beware of damaged buildings, roads and other structures. Also be careful of the fire after the earthquake. The eruption of snow volcano above the snow line may trigger a mudslide that is quite fatal to people.
It is more dangerous at the top of the building than at the bottom. Although you may be hit by debris falling from a tall building on the ground floor, it is even worse to fall on these debris from above. Similarly, the basement is not the best place to go. In fact, you may be completely buried, especially if there are multiple floors underground.
Also be prepared for the weather. If the main shock occurs in bad weather, you should also pay attention to keep warm. Put the right clothes in your first aid kit to cope with the weather. If the weather forecast says the temperature will climb to nearly 90 degrees Fahrenheit (32 degrees Celsius), put something to keep you cool in hot weather.
When the earthquake comes, don't escape to the building. Many people who tried to escape were injured or killed by glass, debris, paint, collapsed buildings and/or walls. After the ground movement stops, evacuate safely from the building.
What you need?
Necessities; key element
Water: 2 quarts (1.9 liters) to 1 gallon (3.8 liters) per person per day.
Food: canned or individually packaged. Consider babies, pets and other special dietary needs.
First aid kit: sufficient supplies and new supplies.
First-aid medicines, glasses, contact lens care boxes and spare kits
Can opener.
Radio: portable, battery-powered, with spare battery.
Flashlight: with spare battery and light bulb
Heavy shoes: one pair for each family member.
Thick gloves: one pair for each person, used to clean up sundries.
Knife: sharp, or blade
Clothes: the whole set can be changed and kept dry.
Your passport
recommend
woollen blanket
Fire extinguisher: ABC dry powder fire extinguisher.
Female products
Baby products (if you have a baby)
Motor vehicle supply box
Non-perishable food: put it in a coffee can.
boiling water
First aid kit and manual
woollen blanket
Flashlight: with spare new batteries and light bulbs.
First aid medicine, spare glasses
Tools: screwdriver, pliers, wire, knife.
Short rubber hose
Female products
Sturdy shoes and gloves
Related guide
How to survive the tsunami
The way to survive in an earthquake
More reference
http://www.fema.gov/hazard/earthquake/eq_after.shtm
http://www.fema.gov/hazard/earthquake/eq_during.shtm
http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthquake-proof
http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richter_magnitude_scale
WikiHowwikiHow is a "multi-person collaborative writing system", so many of our articles are created by several authors. In order to create this article, 102 users (partially anonymous) edited and improved the article many times. This article has been read 4 12 1 times. English: ESPA, survived the earthquake? An Italian on earth: a terremoto русский: выит11000, a земле. Ais: Surviving the Dutch Earthquake: Indonesia Earthquake: Japan Earthquake: The Generation and Continuation of Earthquakes? : ?
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