It's so hot that it's easy to get heatstroke. What are the effective ways to relieve summer heat?

First, when general first aid finds that you and others have symptoms of threatened heatstroke and mild heatstroke, the first thing to do is to quickly evacuate the high-temperature environment that causes heatstroke and choose a cool and ventilated place to rest; And drink more salty and cold drinks. You can also apply cool oil, wind oil essence, etc. On the forehead and temples, or take Ren Dan, ten drops of water, Huoxiang Zhengqi water and other traditional Chinese medicines. If your blood pressure drops and you collapse, you should lie flat immediately and go to the hospital for intravenous drip of normal saline in time. For severe heatstroke patients, in addition to immediately transferring them from high temperature environment to a cool and ventilated place, they should also be sent to the hospital quickly and take comprehensive measures for treatment. If you are far away from the hospital, you should keep the patient away from the high temperature environment, wrap the patient with wet sheets or clothes and give him a strong fan to increase evaporation and heat dissipation. It is also a good idea to soak the patient in a lake or river while waiting for transfer, or even use snow or ice to cool him down. If the patient is shivering, the cooling process should be slowed down, because shivering can increase the core body temperature (warning: the body temperature should be measured every 10 minute/time. Don't let the body temperature drop to 38.3℃, so as not to continue to cool down and cause hypothermia. In hospitals, the core body temperature should be continuously monitored to ensure its stability. Avoid stimulants and sedatives, including morphine; If convulsions cannot be controlled, diazepam and barbiturates can be injected intravenously. Electrolyte should be determined frequently to guide intravenous fluid infusion. After severe heatstroke, it is best to stay in bed for a few days, and the body temperature can still fluctuate within a few weeks.

Second, the first aid method for children's heatstroke (You Yinpei's note) The symptoms of summer heatstroke include: the baby's skin color looks rosy at first, but it feels dry and warm to the touch, fidgety and crying, breathing and pulse are accelerated, and then fatigue, dizziness, convulsions, or coma will occur. When measuring body temperature, it can be as high as 39 degrees Celsius or above. Emergency treatment methods are as follows:

1. Keep the respiratory tract unobstructed.

Give some decaffeinated cool drinks every ten to fifteen minutes, but don't give them to people who vomit.

3. Move the baby to the shade, take off clothes, and use electric fans and air conditioners to reduce the ambient temperature. The whole body can be wiped with a warm wet towel (tap water is wet; Never use alcohol or ice water instead), or put it in a cold (non-cold) bathtub, so that its body temperature (anal temperature) will drop to 39 degrees Celsius, so as not to drop too low. Never use ice water or ice, because too cold ice water will make the blood vessels of the skin shrink extremely, and the blood flow of the skin will be blocked, so it is impossible to continue to expel heat. People suffering from summer heat should not take general antipyretic drugs, because its antipyretic mechanism (lowering the setting of temperature center) is not good for health.

4. Send a doctor for treatment immediately.

Western medicine treatment of heatstroke

Patients with heat spasm and heat exhaustion should be quickly transferred to a cool and ventilated place to rest or lie still. Oral cold salt water and cold salty drinks. Patients with peripheral circulation failure should be injected with normal saline, glucose solution and potassium chloride intravenously. The average patient can recover within 30 minutes to several hours after treatment. The prognosis of heatstroke patients is serious, and the mortality rate is 5% ~ 30%. The following emergency measures should be taken immediately.

(1) Physical cooling In order to quickly reduce the patient's high temperature, you can bathe the patient with 4℃ water and massage on the skin of the limbs to dilate the blood vessels of the skin, accelerate blood circulation and promote heat dissipation. In the process of physical cooling, the anal temperature must be observed and recorded at any time. When the anal temperature drops to 38.5℃, the cooling should be stopped immediately, and the patient should be transferred to an environment where the room temperature is lower than 25℃ to continue close observation. If the body temperature rises, you can soak it in water at 4℃ or take a bath or shower with cold water, or put an ice pack on your head, armpit and groin and blow it with an electric fan to speed up heat dissipation and prevent the body temperature from rising. Old and infirm people and cardiovascular patients often can't tolerate 4℃ immersion bath, and some patients are in a coma. Soaking in water at 4℃ may cause muscle jitter, increase heat production and increase the burden on the heart. Other physical cooling methods can be applied.

(II) Drug cooling Chlorpromazine has pharmacological effects of regulating the central function of body temperature, dilating blood vessels, relaxing muscles and reducing oxygen consumption, and is a commonly used drug to assist physical cooling. The dosage is 25 ~ 50mg, and 500ml of rehydration solution is added for intravenous drip1~ 2h. Blood pressure should be observed during medication. When blood pressure drops, you should slow down the decline or stop taking medicine. When blood pressure drops, metaraminol bitartrate, phenylephrine hydrochloride or other α receptor stimulants should be injected intramuscularly.

(three) symptomatic treatment, keep the patient's respiratory tract unobstructed, and give oxygen. The infusion speed should not be too fast, and the dosage should be appropriate to avoid increasing the burden on the heart and promoting heart failure. Correct water and electrolyte disorders and acidosis. Antihypertensive drugs are used for shock, and quick-acting digitalis preparation is used for heart failure. Patients with suspected brain edema should be dehydrated with mannitol, and patients with acute renal failure can be treated with hemodialysis. Heparin should be used when disseminated intravascular coagulation occurs, and anti-fibrinolytic drugs should be added if necessary. There are still different views on the application of adrenocortical hormone in patients with heatstroke. It is generally believed that adrenocortical hormone has a certain effect on body stress and tissue reaction caused by high temperature, as well as prevention and treatment of brain edema and pulmonary edema, but the dosage should not be too large and the medication time should not be too long to avoid secondary infection.

Heatstroke patients need careful care, especially coma heatstroke patients are prone to lung infection and bedsore. Provide nutritious food and vitamin B and C complex to promote patients' early recovery.

Treatment of heatstroke with traditional Chinese medicine

Chinese medicine treatment:

Syndrome differentiation treatment

(1) Symptoms are mild. Main symptoms: headache, dizziness, profuse sweating, burning skin, shortness of breath, dry tongue, thirst and rapid pulse. Treatment: The main points are Du Meridian, Hand Jueyin and Yangming Meridian. Acupuncture uses purgation to dispel summer heat. Prescription: Dazhui, Neiguan, Quchi and Weizhong. Recipe 1: Dazhui purges the heat of the whole body; Committee, also known as blood stasis, bloodletting to clear blood and divide heat; Quchi Qingre Xue Yao; Neiguan clears away heat and releases the fire of triple energizer.

(2) serious illness. Main symptoms: headache, polydipsia, breathing and wheezing, followed by sudden fainting, unconsciousness, sweating, and deep and weak pulse. Treatment: Mainly take the Du Meridian points. Acupuncture uses purgation to enlighten the senses, relieve summer heat and dispel summer heat. Prescription: Shuigou, Baihui, Xuan Shi, Qu Ze and Stomach. Fang Yi: Unconscious, wake up after taking a ditch for a hundred times; Qu Ze matched points on pericardium meridian with pricking blood to clear blood heat; Ten Xuan bloodletting enlightened Su Jue.

Other therapies

Scraping therapy: suitable for mild heatstroke. Dip a smooth spoon in cooking oil or water, and scrape the sides of the back, neck, intercostal space, shoulders, arms, chest fossa and? Nest, etc. , scrape to the skin purple.

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