It's hot, and my cervical vertebra hurts.

With the high temperature in recent days, the departments with obvious increase in patients are mainly concentrated in emergency department, gastroenterology department, neurology department, panel department and other departments with high incidence of diseases in summer.

According to experts, the high-risk diseases in high-temperature weather mainly include: heatstroke, gastroenteritis and viral hepatitis, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, cervical spondylosis, "air conditioning disease" and face plate disease caused by sunburn.

Experts remind that in hot weather, we must pay attention to the rules of work and rest to ensure adequate sleep; Pay attention to a balanced diet and replenish water; In the air-conditioned environment, attention should be paid to the indoor and outdoor temperature difference; In addition, keep a good mood and increase exercise appropriately, preferably at night.

Prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, avoid cold and heat, and pay attention to hydration. "In many people's understanding, only low temperature weather is the high incidence of stroke. That was not the case. Summer is also a high incidence of stroke. " Professor Gao Cong, chief physician of the Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, said that research shows that when the temperature exceeds 32℃, the incidence of stroke is 66% higher than usual, and the risk will increase with the increase of temperature. The reason, Gao Cong analysis, first of all, the human body sweats a lot in high temperature weather, and it is easy to lack water in the body, so the viscosity of blood will increase. For patients with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, this is undoubtedly easy to become a thrombus. Even the fuse of stroke; Secondly, in hot weather, whether in public places or at home, air conditioners are used to cool down. When the indoor and outdoor temperature difference is too large, if it is frequent, it is easy to make the cerebral vessels contract and relax repeatedly, especially for the high-risk groups of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, which is easy to cause cerebral blood circulation disorder and even lead to cerebral infarction in severe cases.

Therefore, Gao Cong specially reminded that in the hot season, we must pay attention to hydration to avoid thrombosis and even ischemic stroke caused by the increase of blood viscosity, especially for the high-risk groups of cerebrovascular diseases, and should drink at least1.500ml of water every day. At the same time, don't wait until you are thirsty to pour a lot of water. Pay attention to "drinking a small amount of water many times". In addition, it is suggested that the air conditioning temperature should not be lower than 26℃ to avoid cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents caused by excessive temperature difference.

Dr. Liu Jia from the Clinical Nutrition Department of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University recommended two recipes for patients with hypertension.

1. Medicinal dietary effects of Dongguaguiyu decoction: it has the effects of calming the liver, expelling wind and clearing heat. People often use it to treat headache, dizziness, hypertension and other diseases caused by hyperactivity of liver yang.

Production method: 250~500 grams of wax gourd and 200~250 grams of mandarin fish can be used each time (fish tail is better). First, fry the fish tail in oil until golden brown. Together with wax gourd, add appropriate amount of water, cook for 3-4 hours, add a little salt and season to serve.

2. The effect of crispy kelp medicated diet: laminin has antihypertensive effect, and starch sulfate has hypolipidemic effect. However, people with spleen and stomach deficiency and cold in the middle should not eat more.

Production method: kelp 90g, flour 15g, sesame oil 3g, vegetable oil 300g, appropriate amount of soy sauce, appropriate amount of salt, and a little sugar, vinegar, yellow wine, garlic paste and water starch.

(1) Cut the kelp into oblique pieces, paste it with flour, then fry it in the oil pan, and take it out when the batter is slightly fried. After the oil is reheated, put it in again and fry until golden brown.

(2) Leave 9 grams of oil in the pot, reheat the pot, and pour in the prepared juice such as soy sauce, garlic paste, salt, sugar, vinegar and rice wine. After boiling, pour water starch on it, hook it into the sauce, pour kelp into the sauce in the pot, and pour sesame oil on it when you are out of the pot.

Prevent heatstroke, and drink less alcoholic beverages and high-sugar beverages. "The high temperature environment is the main cause of heatstroke in summer." According to Chen Dexiong, deputy chief physician of the emergency department of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, heatstroke refers to a syndrome in which the human body is affected by high temperature, high humidity and thermal radiation for a long time, causing dysfunction of body temperature regulation and heat dissipation, resulting in disorder of water and electrolyte metabolism and impaired nervous system function.

Under normal circumstances, in the weather where the room temperature exceeds 35℃, if people engage in heavy physical labor and strenuous exercise for a long time in a high humidity and poorly ventilated environment or under the strong radiation of heat sources, and are overexposed to the scorching sun without necessary heatstroke prevention and cooling measures, heatstroke will occur.

"Symptoms of heatstroke can be divided into threatened heatstroke, mild heatstroke and severe heatstroke." Chen Dexiong introduced that threatened heatstroke generally has mild dizziness, headache, tinnitus, dizziness, thirst, general weakness and unstable walking, and the body temperature generally does not exceed 37.5℃; Mild heatstroke, in addition to the above symptoms, there will be early symptoms such as rising body temperature, flushing, chest tightness, dry and hot face, or pale face, nausea, vomiting, sweating and blood pressure drop; Severe heatstroke, in addition to the above symptoms, can also appear sudden fainting or sweating after convulsions, irritability, thirst, oliguria, muscle pain, limb weakness and other symptoms.

The rescue principle of heatstroke is to quickly cool down, move the heatstroke victim out of the high-heat environment quickly, move him to a ventilated and cool place, unbutton his clothes, let the patient lie flat, apply a cold water towel to his head, fan him and give him a cool drink. If necessary, he needs infusion treatment for mild heatstroke.

To prevent heatstroke in hot weather, we should pay attention to the following aspects: replenish water in time, and don't wait for thirst before drinking water. Alcoholic drinks and high-sugar drinks will make people lose more water and should not be drunk in large quantities at high temperature. Ensuring adequate sleep can relax the brain and body system, which is a good measure to prevent heatstroke. Eat less high-oil and high-fat foods and reduce calorie intake. Usually you can eat more tomato soup, mung bean soup, soybean milk, sour plum soup and so on. Go out to avoid noon, wear sunscreen, wide-brimmed hat or umbrella, and wear sunglasses. Appropriately reduce high-temperature outdoor sports. The elderly, children, patients with basic heart and lung diseases and mental system diseases are most prone to heatstroke symptoms, so we must pay attention to observation. The most important thing to prevent cervical spondylosis is not to let the cervical spine catch cold. "Summer is the season of high incidence of cervical spondylosis." Xu Haibin, deputy director of the Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, analyzed that people usually have poor sleep and are prone to stiff neck in hot days. At the same time, the air conditioning temperature is too low or the fan is blown fiercely, which is easy to make the neck catch cold, especially for office white-collar workers, and cervical spondylosis is the most likely to recur. Hot weather, people's lack of outdoor activities, irritability and other factors can also induce cervical spondylosis. Typical symptoms are dizziness, headache, numbness and stiffness.

Xu Haibin also pointed out that summer is also a good time to treat cervical spondylosis. Due to the high temperature in summer, the blood circulation in the neck is accelerated, the muscles of the cervical joint ligament become stretched, and the nerve resuscitation becomes active, which is conducive to taking away the "garbage" in the neck and eliminating bone spurs and edema. At the same time, joints, ligaments and muscles become stretched in summer, which is conducive to the reduction of intervertebral discs and the active recovery of nerves, and is conducive to eliminating the pain and numbness of cervical vertebrae.

"Clinically, most patients with cervical spondylosis have the characteristics of bone dislocation, tendon injury and qi and blood obstruction." He said that in treatment, the "triple therapy" of bone, tendon and blood is usually used simultaneously. Firstly, according to the X-ray examination of cervical vertebrae, the vertebral displacement of patients with cervical spondylosis is determined, and then the displaced vertebrae are restored to the correct position through fixed-point reduction. Subsequently, local acupuncture was used to adjust the tendon to relieve the tension of the neck muscles. At the same time, according to the syndrome differentiation of traditional Chinese medicine, the method of dredging qi and blood is adopted, and drugs for dredging blood vessels are taken orally or injected to achieve the purpose of promoting qi and blood circulation.

To prevent cervical spondylosis, Xu Haibin suggested that first of all, it is necessary to do a good job in cold prevention of cervical vertebrae, especially not to blow air conditioners or fans on cervical vertebrae; Secondly, we should exercise properly, such as walking, looking down and exercising neck and back muscles; Third, calcium and protein should be supplemented appropriately.

Weng Zhisheng, chief physician of the Panel Department of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, said that sun exposure is harmful to panels, and long-term sun exposure can easily lead to dehydration and dryness of panels. In this state, the panel's ability to resist ultraviolet rays is reduced and it is easy to get sunburned. The most common are redness, peeling and swelling. Some will feel local panel burning, and even some will feel pain when touching clothes.

"If the panel is sunburned, it should be dealt with immediately. You can go to a cool place first and wash the uncomfortable parts with clear water or mineral water. " Weng Zhisheng reminded that the water temperature can be slightly lower at this time, but don't ice it immediately. Otherwise, the hot and cold * * on the panel is too big.

"After the panel is cooled, you can apply aloe vera gel and other products with simple safety ingredients to replenish water." Weng Zhisheng said that the panel is fragile after sun exposure, so exfoliating care is not recommended, and some deep cleanser should be suspended, otherwise the panel will become thin and peeling. For skin care after sun exposure, use mild cleaning products and apply easily absorbed skin care products. Don't rush to use too sticky skin care products.

In addition, the diet after sun exposure should be light, eat more fruits, vegetables, grains and high-quality protein, and avoid drinking and eating spicy food. Choose clothes with soft and breathable fabrics such as pure cotton and silk. Generally speaking, the symptoms of sunburn can be recovered in a week or so. After returning to normal, you can care for your skin according to your previous skin care habits.

However, Weng Zhisheng reminded that sun protection is very important in summer, and umbrellas, hats and sunscreen can all play a role in sun protection. When you are outdoors 15 minutes or so, you should rest in the shade and replenish water. You can also pat clean mineral water on the panel to replenish water and prevent sunburn.

To prevent mild diarrhea caused by gastrointestinal diseases, you can take berberine by yourself. Huang, deputy director of the Department of Gastroenterology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, said: "Summer is the season of high incidence of gastrointestinal diseases. Common digestive diseases in summer include gastroenteritis and viral hepatitis such as hepatitis A and hepatitis E..

"The high incidence of gastroenteritis in summer is due to high temperature weather, food is easy to deteriorate, bacteria are easy to breed, and drinking more water in summer is easy to dilute stomach acid." According to Huang, gastric acid is a protective barrier of human body, which can sterilize. Drinking more water will dilute gastric acid. In this case, eating unclean and deteriorated things can easily cause gastroenteritis. In addition, there is another kind of acute gastroenteritis, such as drinking too many cold drinks, which leads to gastrointestinal disorders, diarrhea and abdominal pain.

The main symptoms of gastroenteritis are diarrhea, abdominal pain, vomiting, and even fever in severe cases.

"Viral hepatitis such as hepatitis A and hepatitis E is high in summer, mainly because hepatitis virus is spread through food, such as uncooked aquatic products and seafood, such as oysters and shells." Huang Yue explained that hepatitis A and hepatitis E viruses lurk in these aquatic products, and it is easy to cause viral hepatitis when they enter the body through the mouth. The main symptoms are loss of appetite, aversion to oil, fatigue, and even fever and jaundice in severe cases.

There is another gastrointestinal disease that is not common, but may occur in summer, and that is cholera. Cholera is a Class A infectious disease, which is caused by Vibrio cholerae infection. In summer, it is often caused by bacterial infection by eating raw aquatic products or eating a chopping board. The main symptoms are stool like rice washing water and severe vomiting.

To prevent gastrointestinal diseases in summer, Huang suggested paying attention to the following aspects: First, pay attention to hygiene in diet, don't eat food that has been kept for a long time, eat seafood and aquatic products before eating, and eat different chopping boards raw and cooked; Second, pay attention to personal hygiene and wash your hands frequently; The third is proper exercise to enhance physical fitness.

When diarrhea occurs, if the situation is not serious, you can take berberine orally at home to adjust symptoms, drink some light salt water appropriately, and replenish electrolytes to prevent dehydration caused by diarrhea. However, if you have diarrhea more than four or five times a day and have systemic symptoms such as fever and fatigue, you should go to the hospital immediately. During diarrhea, it is best to eat light and digestible food instead of greasy food. "The most important thing is cleanliness."

Prevention of air-conditioning diseases "air-conditioning diseases" can be mainly divided into three categories: First, in high temperature weather, the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor alternating cold and hot causes nervous disorder and emotional problems such as irritability. Second, people's panels are dry and dehydrated because they are in air-conditioned rooms for a long time, which leads to fatigue and joint pain. The third is microbial infection, which may be caused by Legionella in most cases. Because there is a kind of pathogenic bacteria called Legionella hidden in the refrigeration device of air conditioner, it blows out with cold air and floats in the air. After inhalation, the human body is prone to respiratory tract infection and fever. "Most people confuse Legionella infection with a cold," Chen Dexiong said, because bacterial infection is similar to a cold to some extent. He suggested that if you have symptoms such as fever, cough and chest pain in summer, you should pay attention to whether it is an "air conditioning disease" caused by bacterial infection.