Shockproof common sense

Earthquake knowledge!

Q: What should you pay attention to when an earthquake occurs?

A: If an earthquake occurs at night, don’t waste time looking for clothes and clothing. Instead, race against time to move to a safe place. Unable to move to a safe area because he was not wearing any outer clothing, so he returned to pick up his clothes.

Q: How to prevent earthquake secondary disasters?

A: Earthquake secondary disaster sources refer to the sources of earthquake damage that may cause fires, floods, landslides, highly toxic or strong corrosion Construction projects and natural environment that suffer from massive leakage of radioactive substances, radioactive pollution, epidemics and other serious secondary disasters. For secondary disaster sources that have been built and no seismic fortification measures have been taken, the seismic performance appraisal shall be carried out in accordance with relevant national regulations and necessary seismic reinforcement measures shall be taken. Strong earthquakes may cause damage to dams and cause floods. Therefore, when an earthquake is forecast, if the reservoir water level is too high, water can be released to reduce the reservoir water level as soon as possible to reduce the threat of earthquakes to the dam. For fuel oil tanks, edible oil storage tanks, toxic substance storage tanks, etc. that may cause fire, explosion, leakage of highly toxic or highly corrosive substances, a protective embankment of a certain height should be built around the tank to prevent the leakage of the tank once the tank is damaged. Liquid flowed everywhere. The connecting pipe between the tank pipe valve and the tank body should be connected by hose or flexible joint to prevent cracking during earthquakes. There should be no fire sources around the tank area to prevent fire. Preventive measures should be taken at key locations where toxic substances are produced and stored. For example, fire-fighting equipment and gas masks should be provided at key positions.

Develop a home earthquake prevention plan

Food and beverages must be prepared according to the earthquake prevention requirements of the government or relevant departments.

Check and promptly eliminate hidden dangers that are unfavorable for earthquake protection in your home, and reinforce your home.

Inspect and reinforce the house

Take a look at the condition of your house. Is there anything that is not conducive to earthquake resistance? Find out what's going on around you.

Is the construction quality of the housing good? Is it in disrepair? Houses that are not suitable for earthquake resistance must be reinforced, and dilapidated buildings that are not suitable for reinforcement must be evacuated.

Is the structure of the house conducive to earthquake resistance? Bulky decorations such as parapets and high facades should be removed.

In the event of a gas leak:

Cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel, never use an open flame, and try to move away after the earthquake.

In case of fire:

Lie down on the ground and cover your mouth and nose with wet hair. After the earthquake stops, move to a safe place, crawl on your hands and head against the wind.

When poisonous gas leaks:

If there is a fire in a chemical plant and poisonous gas leaks, do not run downwind. Instead, go upwind and cover your middle with wet hair as much as possible. ,nose. Dangerous places that should be avoided:

Factories that produce dangerous goods;

Dangerous goods, flammable and explosive warehouses and other activities that actively participate in

In case of fire:

Lie down on the ground and cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel. After the earthquake stops, move to a safe place by crawling on your hands and going against the wind.

Methods to rescue people

When excavating buried people, the supports should be protected to prevent further collapse and injury;

Let the injured person expose his head first, Remove foreign matter from the mouth and nose and keep breathing smooth. If there is suffocation, perform artificial respiration immediately;

When the suppressed person cannot climb out on his own, do not pull or force him to avoid further injury; spinal injury , when transporting, use door panels or hard stretchers;

When a survivor who cannot be rescued is found, a mark should be set up to await rescue.

Principles of rescuing people:

Rescue those who are close first, then those who are far away;

Rescue the easy ones first, then the difficult ones;

Rescue first young adults and medical personnel to add helpers. Activities

What should you do if you are buried under pressure?

After the earthquake, aftershocks will continue to occur, and your environment may further deteriorate. You must try your best to improve your environment and stabilize it. , try to escape.

Try to avoid weak collapsed objects, hanging objects or other dangerous objects above the body;

Move away movable broken bricks and other debris around you to expand the space for movement. Note that when you cannot move, do not force it to prevent further collapse of surrounding debris; try to use masonry, wooden sticks, etc. to support the broken walls to prevent them from being buried under aftershocks; do not use indoor facilities casually, including power supply, water source, etc. Do not use open flames; when you smell gas, toxic odors or excessive dust, try to cover your mouth and nose with wet clothes; do not scream, maintain your strength, and use knocking sounds to call for help.

Seize the first ten seconds before the earthquake

The early warning phenomenon of major earthquakes, the early warning time and the existence of earthquake-absorbing space are the objective basis for people to save themselves and survive during earthquakes. As long as they grasp If you have a certain knowledge of shock absorbers, make certain preparations in advance, seize the early warning opportunity during an earthquake, and choose the correct shock absorber method and space, you will have hope of survival.

Experts believe:

Most earthquakes are felt or mildly damaging, so you must stay calm and take shelter when you encounter an earthquake.

Key points for shock absorbers:

Whether to run or hide during an earthquake, most experts in our country believe that the best way to avoid shocks is to avoid the nearest place during the earthquake and to quickly evacuate to a safe place after the earthquake. way. Shock absorbers should be chosen indoors under (beside) objects that are strong and can protect the body, in places where a triangular space is easy to form, in places with small openings and supports, and in open and safe places outdoors.

The posture that the body should adopt:

Lie down and wait, squat or sit down, curl up the body as much as possible, and lower the body's center of gravity.

Grasp a sturdy object such as a table leg.

Protect your head, neck, eyes, and cover your mouth and nose.

Avoid the flow of people, do not crowd around, and do not light lights casually, because there are flammable and explosive gases in the air.

How to avoid shocks at school

During class, students should quickly hold their heads, close their eyes, and hide under their desks under the instruction of the teacher.

When in the playground or outdoors, you can squat down and protect your head with your hands. Be careful to avoid tall buildings or dangerous objects.

Don't go back to the classroom.

Evacuation should be organized after the earthquake.

Classes should be held outdoors when necessary

How to avoid shocks in public places

Follow the instructions of the on-site staff, do not panic, and do not rush to the exit , avoid the flow of people and avoid being squeezed against walls or fences.

In movie theaters, gymnasiums, etc.:

Squat down or lie under benches; be careful to avoid hanging objects such as chandeliers and fans; use schoolbags to protect your head; wait for earthquakes After passing through, follow the instructions of the staff and evacuate in an organized manner.

In shopping malls, bookstores, exhibition halls, subways, etc.

Choose sturdy counters, products (such as low furniture, etc.) or beside pillars, as well as interior corners, etc. to squat on the spot. When going down, protect your head with your hands or other objects; avoid glass doors, windows, glass showcases or counters; avoid tall and unstable shelves with heavy or fragile items; avoid tall hanging objects such as billboards and chandeliers

In a moving electric (car) car

Hold the handrails to avoid falling or being injured; lower your center of gravity and hide near the seat; get off the car after the earthquake has passed.

How to avoid shocks outdoors

Choose open areas to avoid shocks

Squat or lie down to avoid falling; do not run around and avoid crowded places place; protect your head with a schoolbag, etc.; do not return indoors casually.

Avoid tall buildings or structures:

Buildings, especially buildings with glass curtain walls; above and below street bridges and overpasses; under tall chimneys and water towers

Avoid dangerous, tall or hanging objects:

Transformers, telephone poles, street lights, etc.; billboards, cranes, etc.

Avoid other dangerous places:

Narrow streets; dilapidated houses and dilapidated walls; parapets, high facades, under awnings; piles of bricks, tiles, wood, etc. .

How to avoid shocks in the wild

Avoid dangerous environments on the mountainside

Avoid the foot of mountains and steep cliffs to prevent landslides, rolling rocks, mudslides, etc.< /p>

Avoid steep hillsides and cliffs to prevent ground cracks, landslides, etc.

Avoid landslides, landslides, and mudslides

When encountering landslides and landslides, move vertically Run in the same direction as the rolling rocks. Do not run down the mountain in the direction of the rolling rocks. You can also hide under solid obstacles, or squat under ditches or ridges; especially protect your head.

After the disaster How to live under special circumstances

Pay attention to diet and personal hygiene.

Pay attention to fire prevention when building and living in earthquake-proof shelters

Actively invest in restoration and reconstruction work.

Take preventive drugs as prescribed to enhance body resistance and prevent and eliminate diseases