Who knows the customs and basic conditions of Tianjin?

Introduction to Tianjin

Geographical location

Tianjin is located in the lower reaches of the Hai River, spanning both banks of the Hai River. Within its territory are the Hai River, Ziyaxin River, Duliujia River, Yongding New River, Chaobai New River and Jiyun River cross into the sea. The city center is 50 kilometers away from the coast and 120 kilometers away from the capital Beijing. It is the chokepoint to Beijing by sea and has been the gateway to Beijing since ancient times. Tianjin is also a transportation hub connecting the Three Norths - North China, Northeast China, and Northwest China. From Tianjin to Shenyang in the northeast, Baotou in the northwest, and south to Xuzhou, Zhengzhou and other places, the straight-line distance does not exceed 600 kilometers. Tianjin is also an important transportation route to the sea for more than a dozen provinces and cities in the north. It has the largest artificial port in the north - Tianjin Port. There are more than 30 sea routes leading to more than 300 international ports, from the other side of the Pacific to the inland of Eurasia. The main channel and the main outlet of the Eurasian continental bridge. Its geographical location has significant advantages and its strategic position is very important.

Climate

Tianjin is located on the east coast of the Eurasian continent at mid-latitudes. Facing the Pacific Ocean, the monsoon circulation has a significant influence. In winter, it is controlled by the cold high pressure of Mongolia and the northerly wind prevails; in summer, it is controlled by the west Around the Pacific subtropical high pressure, there are mostly southerly winds. Tianjin's climate is a warm temperate semi-humid continental monsoon climate, with obvious transition characteristics from land to sea: four distinct seasons with different lengths; precipitation is not much and unevenly distributed; monsoon is significant and sunshine is abundant; it is located in the coastal area and is continental. powerful. The annual average temperature is 12.3℃. July is the hottest month, with the monthly average temperature reaching 26℃; January is the coldest month, with the monthly average temperature being -4℃. The average annual precipitation is 550-680 mm, and summer precipitation accounts for about 80% of the annual precipitation.

Land

The mountainous soil in Jixian County in northern Tianjin is a thin layer of residual soil formed by rock weathering. The rest of the area is soil developed from Quaternary sediments. It has great advantages in agricultural production. Higher fertility. The city has 671,700 hectares of agricultural land and 459,000 hectares of non-agricultural land. There are more than 120 square kilometers of wasteland and tidal flats that have yet to be developed in the coastal area of ??the lower reaches of the Haihe River.

Mineral Resources

More than 20 types of mineral resources with mining value have been discovered. Mainly include manganese, manganite, gold, tungsten, molybdenum, copper, aluminum, zinc, limestone, marble, medical stone, barite, natural oil stone and other metals and non-metals. The fuel minerals mainly include oil and natural gas. Buried underground in the plains and on the Bohai Sea continental shelf.

Water Resources

Tianjin spans both sides of the Haihe River, which is the largest river in North China. There are more than 300 tributaries with a length of more than 10 kilometers in the upper reaches, and they merge with the North River near the middle reaches. The five rivers, including the Canal, Yongding River, Daqing River, Ziya River and Nanyun River, merge into the main stream of Haihe River at the Sanchakou near Tianjin Jingang Bridge, and enter the sea from Dagukou. The total length of the main stream is 72 kilometers, with an average river width of 100 meters and a water depth of 3-5 meters. Historically, the river was navigable by 3,000-ton sea vessels.

The water diversion project from Luan River to Tianjin is a large-scale water conservancy project built in Tianjin in the 1980s. It diverts water to Tianjin and transports 1 billion cubic meters of water to Tianjin every year. Tianjin is rich in groundwater reserves. There are many karst fissure water in mountainous areas, with the best water quality and low salinity. The spring water flow rate is generally 7.2-14.6 tons/hour, and the maximum flow in the rainy season can reach 720-800 tons/hour. There are three large reservoirs in the city, with a total reservoir capacity of 340 million.

Biological Resources

There are many salt-alkali tolerant plants in coastal areas. Trees include ash, locust, toon, willow, poplar, paulownia, etc.; in recent years, pear, jujube, apricot, peach, grape, apple and other fruit trees have been developed. Reeds, calamus and artificially cultivated water chestnuts and lotus roots grow in waterlogged depressions. The northern mountains are rich in Pinus tabulaeformis, Platycladus orientalis, walnuts, chestnuts, red fruits and persimmons. There are a certain number of wild animals, mostly of the plain grassland type, such as wild goats, deer, hedgehogs, squirrels and birds. There are about 30 species of freshwater fish in ponds and reservoirs on land. The most abundant species include carp, green carp, grass carp, silver carp, pike and other fish species.

Environmental conditions

Currently there are 20 environmental monitoring stations in the city, and the six major projects to create a national environmental protection model city are progressing smoothly. The quality of the atmospheric environment continues to improve, with the average level of respirable particulate matter falling by 3.6% compared with the previous year. There were 264 days in the whole year when the air quality reached the second-level good level or above, accounting for 72.3% of the total days in the whole year. There are 60 smoke and dust control areas, with a smoke and dust control area of ??557.3 square kilometers.

The city has 6 ecological demonstration zones and 8 nature reserves with an area of ??153,300 hectares. The Jixian National Geopark has been built with the Jixian Middle and Upper Proterozoic Geological Nature Reserve as the core.

Tourism Resources Tianjin has many historical sites and unearthed cultural relics. There are 40 national and municipal key cultural relics protection units. Among them is Dule Temple, a large wooden temple built in the Sui Dynasty with a history of more than 1,000 years. There is the Huangyaguan Great Wall in Jixian County, with a total length of 41 kilometers and more than 1,000 ancient platforms of various shapes. It is steep and majestic and is known as the "Key to Jibei". There is Panshan Mountain in Jixian County, known as "the first mountain in Jingdong". It has majestic mountains and beautiful mountains, and the buildings and natural mountains and rivers are integrated into one. In addition, there are Tianhou Temple, Confucian Temple, Dabei Yuan, Great Mosque, Tianzun Pavilion, Tiancheng Temple, Dagukou Fort, Wanghailou Church, Guangdong Guild Hall and the Memorial Hall of Zhou Enlai’s revolutionary activities in Tianjin during his youth.

Tianjin’s architecture features the coexistence of ancient architecture and modern architecture, and is known as the “Architecture Museum of All Nations”. Due to its early opening as a port and the presence of concessions from nine countries, it is characterized by small Western-style buildings of different styles. It retains more than a thousand buildings of various types from the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century from the East and the West.

Tianjin has four world-famous folk arts. "Clay Figurine Zhang" colored sculpture art is famous all over the country and is well-known in the world. "Yangliuqing Painting" has a long history and is favored by international friends. "Wei Ji Kite" won the gold medal at the 1914 Panama International Exposition. The architectural decorative brick carving represented by "Brick Carving Liu" makes Tianjin brick carving a unique folk construction craft in China.

Population and Administrative Districts

Demography At the end of 2005, the city's permanent population was 10.2 million, and the registered population was 9.5 million, including 3.85 million agricultural population and 5.65 million non-agricultural population. Nationalities and Ethnic Distribution There are 41 ethnic minorities in Tianjin, with a total minority population of 220,000.

Administrative divisions: Tianjin currently governs 15 districts: Heping, Hedong, Nankai, Hexi, Hebei, Hongqiao, Tanggu, Hangu, Dagang, Dongli, Xiqing, Jinnan, Beichen, and Wuqing Districts ( Yangcun Town), Baodi District (Chengguan Town); 3 counties: Jinghai County (Jinghai Town), Ninghe County (Lutai Town), Ji County (Chengguan Town).

Economy

In 2005, the city's gross product (GDP) was 366.386 billion yuan, an increase of 14.5% over the previous year based on comparable prices. The city's per capita GDP reached 35,457 yuan, approximately US$4,328, an increase of 12.8%. The city's fiscal revenue for the whole year exceeded 70 billion yuan, reaching 72.552 billion yuan.

Transportation Railway

The first phase of Tianjin Port’s 150,000-ton waterway and the Peking University breakwater project were completed. Tianjin Port has established business relationships with more than 300 ports in more than 160 countries and regions in the world. Railway Tianjin Railway Hub is the intersection of the Beijing-Shanghai and Beijing-Shanghai railway trunk lines and a railway transportation hub in northern China. Tianjin's expressway network density ranks first in the country. Currently, there are eight expressways: Jinji, Jinshen, Jingjintang, Jinbin, Jinhu, Jinjin, Jinbao and Jintang. Tianjin highways extend in all directions, including Jingtang, Jingha, Jinyu, Jingfu, Jingzi and Jingtong. Six national highways pass through Tianjin, connecting Tianjin with the three northeastern provinces, most of North China, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shandong, Guangdong and Fujian provinces. In order to improve the highway transportation in the district, the city has built an urban road network with three ring lines, expressways and 14 radial lines as the skeleton.

Administrative District Overview

Heping District: It is the central business district of Tianjin. This district includes Jiefang North Road Financial Street, Jin Street and Heping Road, which are known as the "Oriental Wall Street". Street Binjiang Road, Xiaobailou Foreign Business District, Nanjing Road Business Center District, Anshan Road Telecommunications Equipment Street, as well as high-end shopping malls and newly built shopping malls such as Department Store, Quanyechang, Zhongyuan Commercial Building, Isetan, International Set, and Binjiang Commercial Building Commercial outlets such as Binjiang Jinyao Plaza and Wanda Commercial Plaza. The tourist attractions in this area include: Five Avenues, Huayuan Road Style Architectural Area, Central Cultural Plaza, Food Street, etc.

Hexi District: It is the central area for foreign-related business tourism and accommodation in Tianjin. These include: Tianjin CBD, Youyi Road foreign-related hotel service area, Tianjin International Exhibition Center, as well as high-end office buildings and foreign-related star hotels such as Jinhuang Building, Asia Pacific Building, Bohai Central Plaza, Tianjin Hotel, Crystal Palace Hotel, etc. The commercial outlets in this area include: Youyi Shopping Center, Huaju Department Store, Dagu Road Hong Kong Style Street, Youyi Road Style Street, Bar Street, as well as Liansuo business formats such as Jiale Supermarket, Lianhua Supermarket, and Dazhong Electrical Appliances. The tourist attractions in this area include: Tianta Lake Scenic Area, Natural History Museum, Science and Technology Museum, Tianjin Museum, etc.

Nankai District: It is the cultural center of Tianjin. The district has nationally renowned universities such as Tianjin University, Nankai University, Normal University, and Polytechnic Institute, as well as cultural tourist attractions such as Ancient Culture Street and Drum Tower Commercial Street. , also has a water park, Changhong Park, Zhou and Deng Memorial Hall, and Guangdong Guild Hall. The commercial centers of this area are: Dongma Road Commercial Street, Haiguang Temple Commercial District, Nanma Road Hardware City, Clothing Street, etc. At the same time, the Olympic Sports Center, the competition venue for the Tianjin subdivision of the 2008 Olympic Games, is also in the area.

Hedong District: This district is the connection area between the downtown area and Binhai New Area and has developed internal and external transportation. There are many expressways and light rail lines leading to Tanggu District, Free Trade Zone and Development Zone. Eleventh Road is the prosperous commercial center of the district, which includes: PICC Building, Bandung Building, Tianxing Riverside Plaza, Pharmaceutical Commercial Building and other commercial office buildings and shopping malls.

Hebei District: Zhongshan Road in this district is a century-old cultural and commercial district. At the same time, the area also has tourist attractions such as Wanghai Tower, Dabei Yuan, and Beining Park. Tianjin Station located in this area is the largest transportation hub leading to all parts of the country.

Hongqiao District: This district has Guayi Street, Da Hutong, Hebei Street and other commercial blocks with nearly a century of commercial history, as well as the newly built Kailesai Mall, Da Hutong Business Center, Tianyi Commercial Building, Commercial outlets such as Metro Supermarket and Knorr Xiqingdao Supermarket. The tourist attractions in this area include: Xigu Park, Lu Zutang, etc.

Tanggu District, Hangu District, and Dagang District: are the emerging coastal urban areas of Tianjin and the largest economic growth point in Tianjin.

Among them, the Tianjin Development Zone, the Free Trade Zone, China's largest artificial port - Tianjin Port, Dagang Oilfield and Bohai Petrochemical Group, which rank first in the country, are located in the new area. The commercial outlets in the new area include: Tanggu Foreign Goods Market, Jiefang Road Commercial Pedestrian Street, Hangu Jinxiang Shopping Mall, etc. Tourist attractions include: Beitang Fishing Village, Bohai Children's World, Dagukou Fort, Century Avenue, etc.

Jinnan, Dongli, Xiqing, Beichen, Wuqing, and Baodi: are satellite urban areas around the city. Among them, tourist attractions include Dongli Lake Resort, Yangliu Qingshi Family Courtyard, Forest Park, and Yangcun Small World. , Little Swan Resort, etc. There are also Xiqing Development Zone, Wuqing Yixian Garden, Dasi Industrial Zone, etc. as emerging economic growth points.