What are the good landmark changes in China since 15?

National Bureau of Statistics of People's Republic of China (PRC)

65438-0995 Statistical Bulletin on National Economic and Social Development

1996 March 1

From 65438 to 0995, under the correct leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, all regions and departments continued to implement the basic policy of "seizing opportunities, deepening reform, opening wider to the outside world, promoting development and maintaining stability", actively implemented various macro-control measures, and the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country worked together and made new achievements in reform, opening up and socialist modernization. The national economy has continued to develop rapidly, economic restructuring has made progress, inflation has been initially contained, people's lives have continued to improve, and new progress has been made in various social undertakings. According to preliminary statistics, the annual GDP was 5,773.3 billion yuan, an increase of 10.2% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of the primary industry1136.5 billion yuan, an increase of 4.5%; The added value of the secondary industry was 2,827.4 billion yuan, an increase of13.6%; The added value of tertiary industry was1809.4 billion yuan, up by 8%. The main problems are: the agricultural foundation is still weak; The increase in the overall price level is still high; Some enterprises have difficulties in production and operation, and their economic benefits are not good.

I. Agriculture

The planting industry has achieved a good harvest. In addition to the reduction of tea production, major agricultural products such as grain, oilseeds, cotton, sugar, hemp, flue-cured tobacco, vegetables and fruits increased throughout the year, which played a positive role in stabilizing the economy and ensuring market supply.

The output of main agricultural products is as follows:

1995 increased by% over the previous year.

Grain 465 million tons 450 million tons.

Of which: grain 4170,000 tons 5.9.

22.5 million tons of oil 13. 1

In which: peanut10.24 million tons 5.8.

Rapeseed 9.76 million tons 30.2

Cotton 4.5 million tons 3.7

400,000 tons of kenaf 12.7

Sugarcane 64.4 million tons 5.7

Beet13.6 million tons 8.5

Flue-cured tobacco 265438+ 10,000 tons 8.2

Tea 580,000 tons -0.8

Fruit 4 1.9 million tons

Healthy development of forestry production. The annual afforestation area was 5.5 million hectares, the national key forestry construction projects made remarkable progress, mass afforestation activities were widely carried out, and the national key afforestation projects such as the second phase of the Three-North Shelterbelt exceeded the planning tasks; New progress has been made in forest fire prevention and pest control; The management and protection of forest resources has been continuously strengthened, and the forest area and volume have been increased, and the forest coverage rate has reached 13.92%.

Animal husbandry has developed in an all-round way, and the output and stock of major livestock products have maintained a steady growth trend.

The output and stock of main livestock products are as follows:

1995 increased by% over the previous year.

50 million tons of meat 1 1.0

Among them: 42 million tons of pork, beef and mutton 13.7.

Milk 5.48 million tons 3.7

Sheep wool 276,000 tons 8.4

Cocoon 790,000 tons -2.5

At the end of the year, the number of live pigs was 44 1, 4 1, and 6.5 per 1,000 pigs.

At the end of the year, the number of sheep was 273.27 million, 13.6.

At the end of the year, the number of large livestock was 6.5438+0.5939 million, with 6.8 heads.

Fishery production has increased steadily. The total output of aquatic products in the year was 25.38 million tons, an increase of 18.4% over the previous year. Among them, the output of freshwater products 1 16 1 10,000 tons, an increase of 28.8%; The output of seawater products was 6,543.8+03.77 million tons, an increase of 654.38+00.9%. Agricultural production conditions have been further improved. At the end of the year, the total power of agricultural machinery in China was 360.7 million kilowatts, an increase of 6.7% over the end of the previous year; 670,000 large and medium-sized tractors, down about 3%; 800,000 agricultural trucks, an increase of 7%; The amount of chemical fertilizer applied (pure amount) was 35.7 million tons, an increase of 7.6%; The rural electricity consumption was 65.438+06.28 billion kWh, an increase of 654.38+00.5%. The construction of farmland water conservancy has been strengthened, and the effective irrigation area of farmland has increased.

Two. Industry and construction industry

Industrial production has maintained steady growth in steady decline. The industrial added value was 2,476,543.8+0.8 billion yuan, an increase of 14% over the previous year. In all industries, state-owned and state-controlled enterprises increased by 9.5%, of which state-owned enterprises increased by 7.2%; Growth of collective enterprises15.8%; Industrial growth of other economic types dominated by Sino-foreign joint ventures, cooperative operations and foreign-funded enterprises 19%. Growth of large and medium-sized enterprises 10.2%.

The production of light industry develops faster than that of industry. The added value of all young industries11181billion yuan, an increase of16.7% over the previous year; The added value of heavy industry was 65.438+035.37 billion yuan, an increase of 654.38+02%, and pillar industries such as petrochemical, machinery and electronics, and automobile developed steadily during the adjustment. Affected by changes in market demand, the output of major industrial products has risen and fallen.

The output of major industrial products is as follows:

1995 increased by% over the previous year.

Chemical fiber 2.9 million tons 3.4

5 million tons of yarn 2.2

Cloth 2 1 100m -0.6

Machine-made paper and paperboard 24 million tons 12.2

Sugar 5.656 million tons -4.5

Raw salt 24.99 million tons-16.6

Cigarettes 34965438+100000 cases 1.7

Synthetic detergent 2265438+8000t 2.0

19.58 million color TV sets 15.9

9.448 million household washing machines-13.6

9.296 million household refrigerators 2 1.0

The total energy production is1.23.9 billion tons, 4.4 billion tons.

(converted to standard fuel)

12.98 million tons of raw coal 45.5

Crude oil 1.49 billion tons 2 billion

The power generation is1000 billion kwh, 7.8%

94 million tons of steel 1.5

80 million tons of steel -5. 1

Ten kinds of nonferrous metals 4.25 million tons 7.9

Cement 450 million tons 765,438+0

Wood 66.5 million cubic meters 0.5

Sulfuric acid 174 1 ten thousand tons 13.3

5.82 million tons of soda ash 0. 1

Chemical fertilizer (100%) 24.5 million tons 7.8

Chemical pesticide (100%) 360,000 tons 24.7

Power generation equipment16.82 million kilowatts-1.5

Metal cutting machine tools1810,000 sets-12.5

1503000 automobile 10.0

63,000 tractors

IC 3 12920000 Yuan 7.9

403,000 microcomputers 182.3

Program-controlled exchange 1635 door 22.0

With the deepening of enterprise reform, the economic growth rate of large and medium-sized state-owned industries has accelerated, and the overall level of economic benefits still maintains its advantages. The comprehensive index of industrial economic benefits for the whole year was 90.02, of which 94. 15 was for large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises. At present, the main factors affecting the improvement of the overall level of industrial economic benefits are the rapid rise of costs and expenses, the large inventory of finished products and the outstanding problem of mutual arrears of funds.

The production and operation of the construction industry continued to develop. The added value of the construction industry was 355.6 billion yuan, an increase of 9.8% over the previous year. The construction industry has intensified the reform of the management system, actively promoted the responsibility system for bidding for construction projects, and further expanded the bidding field. State-owned construction enterprises have 223,000 construction projects and 77,000 bidding projects, and the contracted area for bidding has reached 34.5%, an increase of 8 percentage points over the previous year; The building area was 425 million square meters, an increase of 7.8%; Completed area 1.29 million square meters, down by 8.4%. Labor productivity 13475 yuan, an increase of13.3%; The per capita profits and taxes are basically the same as last year, and the economic benefits need to be further improved.

New achievements have been made in geological exploration. The industrial deposit 126 was discovered or confirmed throughout the year, and significant new progress was made in the exploration of the mining area 7 1; The newly proven reserves are 3 1 species, including 668.53 million tons of 1.865438 billion cubic meters of natural gas, 606 tons of gold, 4.28 billion tons of coal, 659,000 tons of copper, 0.505 million tons of bauxite and 0.8275 million tons of iron ore. The geological exploration industry completed 8.32 million meters of mechanical core drilling. 202 geological reports on industrial and agricultural production and utilization were submitted.

Three. fixed-asset investment

Significant results have been achieved in controlling investment in fixed assets. In 200 1 year, the whole society completed fixed assets investment of194.45 billion yuan, an increase of 18.8% over the previous year (after deducting the price factor, the actual workload increased by 1 1%), and the growth rate dropped12. Among them, the state-owned economic investment was 65.438+00.822 billion yuan, an increase of 654.38+06.5438+0%; The collective economic investment was 297.8 billion yuan, an increase of11.8%; The personal investment of urban and rural residents was 238,654.38 billion yuan, an increase of 20.8%; Investment in other economic types was 326.4 billion yuan, an increase of 35.3%.

By investment type, the capital construction investment was 736.5 billion yuan, up by 22. 1%, down by 17.4 percentage points from the previous year; The investment in renovation and renovation was 301990 million yuan, up by 1 1.3% and down by 2 1.6 percentage points; Investment in real estate development was 283 1 100 million yuan, up by 2 1.4% and down by 20.6 percentage points. The investment in urban and rural collective, individual and other fixed assets was 605 billion yuan, up by 17.9%, down by 0.8 percentage point.

By industry, investment in agriculture, transportation, post and telecommunications increased rapidly, while investment in energy industry slowed down. Investment in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery and water conservancy was 26.4 billion yuan, an increase of 43.7%. The transportation, post and telecommunications industries completed an investment of 246.7 billion yuan, an increase of 24.6%; The energy industry completed an investment of 242.7 billion yuan, up by 16.7%.

In terms of regions, the proportion of investment in the central and western regions has increased. The investment in the eastern region was121880 million yuan, an increase of 17.5%, and the proportion of the total investment decreased from 63.3% to 62.7%. The central region invested 4 1, 2 1 100 million yuan, up by 20.7%, and the proportion of the total investment increased from 20.8% to 2 1.2%. The investment in the western region was 238.7 billion yuan, up by 2 1. 1%, and the proportion increased from 12% to 12.3%.

The number of projects started in the whole year was10.7 million, with a planned total investment of 3,777.5 billion yuan, including 93,000 new projects with a planned total investment of 577.3 billion yuan. 95,000 projects were completed and put into operation, with fixed assets increased by 7,266,543.8 billion yuan, including 29 large and medium-sized capital construction projects 129, and 258 renovation projects above designated size.

In the whole year, 30 national key projects were completed and put into operation, including 9 railway projects, including Lan Xin double-track railway (299 km), Houyue railway (253 km of newly-built electrified railway, double-track railway 12 1 km), Zhejiang-Jiangxi railway (135 km) and Baozhong railway (498 km). 7 power projects including Yunnan Manwan Hydropower Station (installed capacity of 250,000 kilowatts) and Zhejiang Jiaxing Power Plant (installed capacity of 600,000 kilowatts); 5 post and telecommunications projects, including Hangfu Guicheng optical cable (4,523 kilometers) and Beijing-Shanghai Yinlan optical cable (2,084 kilometers); Yizheng Chemical Fiber Phase III has also been completed and put into production.

The main newly-increased production capacity of China's capital construction includes: coal mining 23.93 million tons, generator capacity 145 1 10,000 kilowatts, oil mining 237 1 10,000 tons, natural gas mining 923 million cubic meters (including the capacity of upgrading and other investments), ironmaking 3.25 million tons, and steel15/. The newly-built railway main line delivered an operation mileage of 2,389 kilometers, the newly-built double-track line delivered an operation mileage of 90 1 km, and the newly-built highway was 4,839 kilometers, including 538 kilometers of expressways, 7.2 million local automatic exchanges/kloc-0, 25,078 long-distance optical cables and 42,777 new digital microwave communication lines.

Four, transportation and post and telecommunications industry

Transportation, post and telecommunications continued to develop rapidly, with an added value of 323.6 billion yuan, an increase of 9.5% over the previous year. The communication ability has been enhanced and the transportation tension has been improved.

The turnover of passenger and freight transportation completed by various modes of transportation is as follows:

1995 increased by% over the previous year.

Cargo turnover (100 million tons of kilometers) 35,436.5

Railway 12900 3.6

Highway 4890 9.0

Water transport 17000 8.4

Aviation 24 26.3

Pipeline 622 1.6

Passenger turnover (100 million person kilometers) 9 105 6.0

Railway 3547 -2.5

Expressway 4726 12.0

Water transport 180 -2.2

Aviation 652 18 438+0

Throughput of major coastal ports (10,000 tons)

The post and telecommunications industry continues to develop at a high speed. The total post and telecommunications business was 98.6 billion yuan, an increase of 42% over the previous year. Residents' telephones developed rapidly, with the number of new telephone users15.46 million, an increase of 56.6% over the end of last year, and the telephone penetration rate reached 4.66 per 100 people, an increase of 1.46 percentage points over the previous year. There were 2.06 million new mobile phone users in the whole year, which was 1.3 times of the number of users at the end of last year. The public communication ability has been further improved. At the end of the year, the capacity of local exchanges was 70.96 million, and the capacity of long-distance exchanges reached 35 1 10,000 terminals. The quality of post and telecommunications communication has also been significantly improved.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) domestic trade and market price

The domestic consumer goods market is prosperous and active. The total retail sales of social consumer goods in 2005.98 billion yuan, an increase of 26.6% over the previous year. After deducting the price factor, the actual growth was 10.3%. The total supply and demand of domestic means of production market is basically balanced, and sales are growing steadily. The purchase and sale of agricultural means of production are booming, but the price level is rising rapidly.

In terms of urban and rural areas, the retail sales of urban consumer goods123.89 billion yuan, an increase of 28.2% over the previous year; The retail sales of consumer goods in rural areas was 820.9 billion yuan, up by 24.3%. After deducting the price factor, the actual growth was 13% and 6.8% respectively.

In terms of industries, after the implementation of the fifth day, residents' travel and holiday time increased, and the catering service industry developed accordingly. The annual retail sales of catering industry increased by 29.9% over the previous year, ranking first in all industries. Wholesale and retail sales increased by 22.2%.

Inflation has been initially controlled, and the market price increase has dropped month by month, achieving the regulatory goal of controlling the annual retail price increase at around 15%. However, the overall price level increase is still on the high side.

Prices of various categories increased (%) over the previous year.

1, retail price of goods 14.8

In which: city 13.5

35 large and medium-sized cities 12.8

Rural 16.4

2. The consumer price is 17. 1.

In which: city 16.8

35 large and medium-sized cities 16.5

Rural 17.5

Among them: food 22.9

Food 36.8

Meat birds and their products 26.4

Edible vegetable oil 13.4

Eggs 14.6

Aquatic products 14.4

fresh vegetables

Clothing 14.5

Household Equipment and Supplies 7.0

Health products 1 1.3

Transportation and communication tools -0. 1

Entertainment, Education and Stationery 6.4

Residential commodity 10.6

Service item 20.2

3. Retail price of agricultural means of production 27.4

4. The purchase price of agricultural products is 19.9.

5. The purchase price of energy raw materials for industrial enterprises is 15.3.

6. Ex-factory price of industrial products 14.9.

Intransitive verb foreign economy

The scale of foreign trade has expanded. The total import and export volume reached $280.9 billion, an increase of 18.6% over the previous year. Among them, the total export value148.8 billion US dollars, an increase of 22.9%; The total import value was 132 1 billion USD, with an increase of 14.2%. The structure of import and export commodities has been further improved, and the export proportion of mechanical and electrical products has increased from 26.4% in the previous year to 29.4%, surpassing clothing and textiles to become the first category of products exported by China. The import of raw materials and means of subsistence that are in short supply in China has increased substantially. The import and export of foreign-invested enterprises continued to grow substantially, reaching US$ 654.38+009.8 billion in the whole year, up by 25.3%, accounting for 39. 1% of the country's total import and export from 37% in the previous year. New progress has been made in the market diversification strategy. China's foreign trade partner countries and regions increased from 22 1 in the previous year to 227, and its import and export volume to Africa and Latin America increased by 48.3% and 30% respectively, much higher than that to other continents.

The actual utilization of foreign capital continued to grow. The actual use of foreign capital in the whole year was 48.4 billion US dollars, an increase of 1 1% over the previous year. Among them, foreign direct investment was US$ 37.7 billion, up by 1 1.7%. At the end of the year, 234,000 foreign-invested enterprises were registered, an increase of 28,000 over the end of last year.

Foreign economic and technological cooperation continued to develop. In 2001, the newly signed contracts for foreign contracted projects and labor cooperation amounted to 9.67 billion US dollars, an increase of 21.1%over the previous year; The turnover reached US$ 6.59 billion, up 65,438+00.3% year-on-year.

There has been a new development in international tourism. The number of foreigners, overseas Chinese and compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan who came to China for sightseeing, business and various activities reached 46.39 million, an increase of 6.2% over the previous year. The national tourism revenue was $8.7 billion, up by 19%.

Seven. Finance and insurance

The financial situation is stable. Deposits have increased substantially and the loan structure has been improved. Loans to support national key construction projects, industrial restructuring, state-owned enterprises with market benefits, and imports and reserves of important national materials have increased.

At the end of the year, the balance of deposits in banks and rural credit cooperatives nationwide was 4,595.8 billion yuan, an increase of188 million yuan or 365.438+0% over the end of last year, of which the balance of corporate deposits was145.2 billion yuan, an increase of 300.4 billion yuan or 266.5438+0%. The balance of various loans was 4,462.8 billion yuan, an increase of 797,654.38 billion yuan or 2 1.7% over the end of last year, of which the balance of short-term loans was 3,654.38 billion yuan, an increase of 532,654.38 billion yuan; The balance of medium and long-term loans was105.32 billion yuan, an increase of196.9 billion yuan. The market cash flow at the end of the year was 78.85 billion yuan, an increase of 59.67 billion yuan or 8.2% over the end of the previous year. Narrow money (M 1) rose16.8%; Broad money (M 2) increased by 29.5%. At the end of the year, the balance of savings deposits of urban and rural residents was 2,966.2 billion yuan, an increase of 8,654.38+0.26 billion yuan or 37.7% over the end of the previous year.

The country's foreign exchange reserves have greatly increased. At the end of the year, China's foreign exchange reserves stood at US$ 73.6 billion, an increase of US$ 22 billion.

The insurance industry continues to develop. In the whole year, the total amount of national underwriting was 65.438+39.679 billion yuan, an increase of 25% over the previous year. The premium income was 610.57 billion yuan, up by 23.6%. Among them, property insurance premium income is 42 1. 1 billion yuan, and personal insurance premium income is1942 million yuan. Property insurance claims 24.2 billion yuan, personal insurance claims 6.47 billion yuan.

Significant progress has been made in social insurance for employees. At the end of the year, 95 million employees nationwide participated in unemployment insurance; 89 million urban workers participated in the basic old-age insurance, and 2 1 10,000 retirees participated in the social pooling of retirement fees; More than 5 million employees participated in the overall medical care for serious illness, and more than 700,000 retirees participated in the overall medical expenses. The local labor department has provided unemployment relief to more than 2.5 million unemployed workers.

Eight, science and technology, education, culture and health, sports

The scientific and technological team has expanded. At the end of the year, there were 27.85 million professional and technical personnel in state-owned enterprises and institutions, an increase of 4% over the end of last year. There are 5,856 state-owned independent research and development institutions at or above the county level, 2,550 scientific research institutions run by universities, and14,400 scientific research institutions run by large and medium-sized industrial enterprises. There are 2.77 million people engaged in scientific and technological activities, including 6.5438+0.63 million scientists and engineers.

Funding for science and technology has increased. The expenditure on scientific and technological activities of scientific and technological institutions, universities and large and medium-sized industrial enterprises was 83.3 billion yuan, of which the expenditure on research and development was 28.6 billion yuan, equivalent to 0.5% of GDP, which was the same as that of the previous year.

* * made 3 1 000 major scientific and technological achievements at or above the provincial or ministerial level throughout the year; There are 795 national awards, including National Invention Award 13 1, 57 National Natural Science Awards and 607 National Science and Technology Progress Awards. The main scientific and technological achievements that directly serve the economic construction include: successfully developing a large-scale software development environment with independent copyright in China ―― Jade Bird System and a large-scale integrated circuit computer-aided design system ―― Panda System; Construction and acceptance of computer network demonstration project of education and scientific research in China; Large-scale digital program-controlled switching equipment independently developed is put into production; Application of computer integrated manufacturing technology in industrial production: obtaining the world's first transgenic wheat resistant to barley yellow dwarf virus. 83,000 domestic and foreign patent applications were accepted, and 45,000 patents were granted, up by 6.8% and 4 1% respectively over the previous year. In the whole year, the National Natural Science Foundation supported scientific research projects 4 1, 3 1, and the funding amount was 5 1 10,000 yuan. The key instruments and equipment of 23 state key laboratories have been updated and reformed. Four national engineering research centers, 10 national industrial test bases and 40 national enterprise technology centers will be built. In the whole year, the state organized 278 projects of technology development, new technology popularization, digestion and absorption, and industrial test, and completed 300 projects of major technical equipment development, which passed the appraisal and acceptance.

Quality inspection, standardization construction and weather forecasting services have been improved. At the end of the year, there were 5,000 national product quality monitoring institutions, an increase of 2,000 over the previous year, and 235 national quality inspection centers, an increase of 1 over the previous year. The national standard 1320 was revised throughout the year. 2035 transmitting stations of ultrashort wave meteorological early warning service system were established nationwide, an increase of 188 over the previous year. Surveying and mapping departments have surveyed 64,087 maps of various scales and published 970 kinds of maps.

New progress has been made in the cooperation among enterprises, universities and scientific research institutions. In the whole year, 44,000 units participated in the "Industry-University-Research" cooperation and 26,400 cooperative development projects, with 404,000 participants.

The technology market is booming. In 20001year, 220,000 technology contracts were signed nationwide, with a turnover of 26.8 billion yuan, an increase of 17% over the previous year.

All kinds of educational undertakings continued to develop. The adjustment of university layout has achieved remarkable results. At the end of the year, there were 1054 ordinary colleges and universities and1kloc-0/56 adult colleges, all of which were less than the previous year. The enrollment of colleges and universities has developed steadily, with 926,000 students enrolled in ordinary colleges and universities, an increase of 26,000 over the previous year and 2.906 million students. Adult colleges and universities enrolled 9010.4 million students (including 810.00 million students in general college classes of RTVU), a decrease of10.03 million students over the previous year, with 2.57 million students (including general college classes of RTVU/kloc-0.78 million students). The number of graduate students enrolled nationwide is 5 1 10000, which is basically the same as that of the previous year. There are 145000 graduate students, an increase of 17000.

The scale of secondary vocational education continues to expand. There are 9.394 million students in various secondary vocational and technical schools (including 6.5438+0.88 million students in technical schools), accounting for 56.8% of the total number of students in high school.

New progress has been made in popularizing nine-year compulsory education. There are 47.28 million junior high school students in China, with an enrollment rate of 78.4%, an increase of 4.6 percentage points over the previous year; Pupils 1, 3 1.95 million, and the enrollment rate of school-age children was 98.5%, an increase of 0. 1 percentage point over the previous year. The dropout rates of ordinary junior middle school students and primary school students are 3.95% and 1.49% respectively. I hope that the project will make gratifying progress. A total of 253 million yuan was donated at home and abroad throughout the year; Sponsor 237,000 out-of-school children to return to school; Funded the construction of 1325 Hope Primary Schools.

All kinds of adult education have made great progress. There are 2.429 million students in adult secondary specialized schools and 76.98 million students in adult technical training schools. 2.88 million adult students graduated from primary and secondary schools; 4.76 million people were illiterate throughout the year.

Cultural undertakings have been accelerated. By the end of the year, there were 2,690 performing arts groups, 2,890 cultural centers, 26 public libraries, 26 museums, 3,589 archives, 204 radio stations, 746 medium and short wave broadcasting transmitting stations and relay stations, with a broadcasting population. There are 94,000 film projection units. Throughout the year, feature films 146 were produced, and 204 new films (feature films) were shown. 16 won prizes at international film festivals. National and provincial newspapers published 18 1 100 million copies, magazines published 2.38 billion copies and books published 6.26 billion copies.

Health services have been further developed. At the end of the year, there were 2.836 million hospital beds nationwide, an increase of 0.2% over the previous year. The number of professional health technicians was 4.257 million, an increase of1.4%; Among them, doctors1910.8 million (including Chinese and western medicine14.555 million), an increase of10.9%; The number of nurses1126,000, an increase of 2.9%.

Sports have made remarkable achievements. In major competitions at home and abroad throughout the year, China athletes won 102 world championships in 18 events; Two teams 14 set 24 world records 13, four teams 16 set 32 Asian records, and 23 teams 137 set 87 national records. More than 89% of the students in school have reached the national physical exercise standards, and the Outline of the National Fitness Program has been widely implemented throughout the country.

Nine. Population, people's life and environmental protection

Positive results have been achieved in controlling population growth. The annual birth rate is 17. 12‰, the mortality rate is 6.57‰, and the natural growth rate is 10.55‰. At the end of the year, the national population was121000, an increase of 127 1000. Residents' income has increased steadily. The annual per capita income of urban residents was 3,893 yuan, an increase of 22.5% over the previous year. After deducting the price factor, the actual increase was 4.9%. The per capita net income of rural residents 1578 yuan, an increase of 29%. After deducting the price factor, the actual increase was 5.3%. However, the imbalance of income growth between regions and between urban and rural areas is still outstanding, and the actual income level of some residents has declined.

Employment has developed steadily. By the end of the year, various employment agencies had grown to more than 25,000, with 7.2 million new urban employees. At the end of the year, there were186.2 million urban employees nationwide, an increase of 4.6 million over the previous year. Among them, urban employees1490,000, an increase of 5 10000; Urban private and individual employees19.6 million, an increase of 4.03 million. Through the implementation of the re-employment project, 654.38+400,000 enterprises will be helped to find jobs for long-term unemployed and surplus personnel. At the end of the year, there were 5.2 million registered unemployed people in cities and towns, and the registered unemployment rate was 2.9%. The number of employees in township enterprises was123.5 million, an increase of 3.32 million. The number of rural private and individual employees was 3 1 10,000, an increase of 2.33 million.

The wage level of employees continued to increase. The total wages of urban workers in China in the whole year was 8 1000 billion yuan, an increase of 2 1.7% over the previous year. The average annual salary of employees is 5,500 yuan, an increase of 2 1.2%, and a real increase of 3.8% after deducting the price factor.

Living conditions in urban and rural areas continued to improve. In the whole year, 330 million square meters of new houses were built in cities and towns and 650 million square meters in rural areas.

Social welfare undertakings continued to develop. At the end of the year, there were 997,000 beds in various social welfare homes nationwide, and 767,000 people were adopted. 40.28 million urban and rural social relief recipients received state relief. 33.2% of the townships in China have established rural social security networks, and urban social service networks have also developed greatly, with community service facilities104,000.

The development of environmental protection was accelerated. By the end of the year, there were 88,000 people in the national environmental protection system, 2 184 environmental monitoring stations at all levels and 34,000 environmental monitoring personnel. There are 793 nature reserves in China, including 98 national nature reserves, with a total area of 7 1.72 million hectares, accounting for 7.2% of the total land area. The construction of environmental legal system was further strengthened. By the end of 1995, 362 national and industrial standards for environmental protection had been formulated and issued. During the year, 4,397 environmental pollution control projects were completed, with a total investment of 3.65 billion yuan. There are 3002 smoke control zones in 530 cities in China, covering an area of 12532 square kilometers, and 1980 environmental noise standard zones in 4 16 cities, covering an area of 5 144 square kilometers.

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Note: 1. All data in this bulletin are preliminary data, excluding Taiwan Province Province, Hongkong and Macau;

2. The absolute figures of GDP and added value of various industries in the communique are calculated at current prices, and the growth rate is calculated at comparable prices. References:

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