What is an unmanned farm?

What is an unmanned farm?

What is an unmanned farm? In recent years, Gaoming District has accelerated the construction of the "10,000 acres of rice fields" project, introduced scientific and technological power, and accelerated agricultural modernization. A new generation of farmers is using smart technology to promote the development of smart agriculture. What is an unmanned farm? What is an unmanned farm 1

In the village, seeds germinate with sweat dripping

In the distant mountains, selfless hard work, hope is growing

CCTV has launched a special series of reports "Echoes of the Distant Mountains" Season 2

Recording the story of new farmers in rural revitalization

Writing the great changes in rural areas in the new era!

CCTV news from Foshan on December 20. At the end of November, when the cold wind was blowing in the north and the winter was strong, the fields in the Pearl River Delta were a different scene: the ears of rice dyed the earth golden, forming a A gorgeous autumn harvest picture.

For Zhong Zhiqiang, secretary of the Party branch of Jitian Village, Gaoming District, Foshan, this is his most exciting moment. Under his leadership, the village's "unmanned farm" ushered in a bumper harvest this year. This is also my country's first "commercial unmanned rice farm."

From an economically weak village to moving towards “smart agriculture”, this unmanned farm in Jitian Village not only embodies Zhong Zhiqiang’s journey, but also carries his firm belief in rural revitalization.

"As a grassroots village official, we must innovate on the basis of adhering to agricultural construction and lead the villagers to get rich. The 'new farmers' I understand are to use new technologies and new technologies to develop our Agriculture. ”

△Zhong Zhiqiang, Secretary of the Party Branch of Jitian Village, Gaoming District, Foshan (Photo by Guan Wenqing, reporter of CCTV)

When people reach middle age, Departure

After ten years of service as a soldier and seven or eight years of hard work in the enterprise, Zhong Zhiqiang never imagined that when he entered middle age, he would return to his hometown and "deal with" the land.

In 2014, he worked in a company in Guangdong with a monthly salary of nearly 6,000 yuan. He thought he could live his own life peacefully until the village-level organization in Yoshida Village found him, hoping to participate in the construction of his hometown.

“When I returned to work in my hometown, the monthly salary was only 2,000 yuan, and the gap was still quite large.” Although he hesitated for a long time, the characteristics of a soldier still made him make up his mind. "As a party member and a soldier, at this time, I still have to put aside my immediate interests and lead the villagers to work together to get rich."

Having been a soldier in Hainan for ten years, the local relatively developed modern society Agriculture left a deep impression on Zhong Zhiqiang. "Our topography and landforms are similar to those of Hainan. We can develop industries around agricultural products such as rice and kudzu."

Intensification is the key to developing modern agriculture, but what lies in front of Zhong Zhiqiang is a piece of land. A broken piece of land. "There are cases of occupation of cultivated land, and there are also problems of motorized land not being handed over when it expires..."

In 2017, after Zhong Zhiqiang was elected as Secretary of the Party Branch and Director of the Village Committee of Jitian Village, he immediately established the Qing Dynasty The property verification working group collects statistics on village collective land and private land. In just three months, all collective land was recovered.

“The total area is more than 500 acres. We took it all back and re-contracted it, and the village’s collective economy suddenly increased by 800,000 yuan!”

In this way, Zhong Zhiqiang contributed to the development of Jitian Village Saved the "first pot of gold".

△Yoshida Village a few years ago (photo by Li Peisheng, CCTV)

With the land, the next step is how to develop the economy. In 2018, the collective income of Jitian Village was only 196,000 yuan, and it was designated as an economically weak village by Guangdong Province in 2019.

Exactly in that year, Gaoming District started the rural demolition and reclamation work. Zhong Zhiqiang seized the policy dividends and took the lead in implementing the demolition and reclamation reform in Jitian Village, including 93 acres of land within the scope of demolition and reclamation. "We received 360,000 yuan per mu for demolition and reclamation of these plots. In addition to retaining part of the funds for infrastructure, each villager received 16,000 yuan in dividends."

Demolition and reclamation The implementation of the work has enabled Yoshida Village to achieve a "qualitative leap" in its collective economic income. In 2020, the village's collective economic income reached 32 million yuan, quadrupling in four years.

Zhong Zhiqiang told reporters excitedly that this is a huge change. "When I first took office, the village collective owed 2,300 yuan, and couldn't even pay the electricity bill!"

Drinking the "Tou Tao Soup"

"Six mountains, one water, three "Divided land", the unique landform has restricted the development of Yoshida Village to a great extent. The labor force went out to work one after another, leaving only the old, weak, women and children in the village, making it a "hollow village".

“It caused a lot of fields to be abandoned.” Recalling the situation at that time, Zhong Zhiqiang was very sad, which also prompted him to firmly develop high-tech agriculture to solve the problems of inefficient farming and insufficient labor.

“We must go deeper, take a longer view, and slowly transform traditional agriculture into high-tech smart agriculture.” This is a sentence that Zhong Zhiqiang often repeats.

However, with money and land, how to develop modern agriculture? How to attract investment? Zhong Zhiqiang is still confused.

If you don’t know how to do it yourself, just go out and learn from other people’s experiences. After returning from study tours in Sichuan and Zhejiang, Zhong Zhiqiang made up his mind to develop the industry of Yoshida Village through the method of "village collective + company + farmers" by referring to the experience and methods of the two places.

At this time, the Zhongke Smart Agriculture Innovation Research Institute began to build a smart agriculture industry chain in Foshan and carry out research, development, application and demonstration of smart agriculture-related technologies, which coincided with Zhong Zhiqiang’s ideas.

In December 2020, the Zhongke Smart Agriculture Innovation Research Institute joined hands with the Guangdong Gaoming Industrial Innovation Research Institute, the Gaoming District Supply and Marketing Cooperative, and the Jitian Village Committee of Genghe Town, Gaoming District to build the "Gaoming Jitian Smart Agriculture" Park".

The park plans to include projects such as “unmanned rice farms”, smart construction parks, and interesting picking areas. In March 2021, the unmanned rice farm officially started construction, with an initial investment of more than 4 million.

At first, Zhong Zhiqiang was still a little worried and ran to the farm every three days: "We used to transplant or throw rice seedlings. This is the first time for drones to direct rice on dry land. Can it be successful? Can the rice grow? Come out?"

Soon, his doubts were dispelled.

The unmanned rice farm uses 5G and satellite navigation technology to realize unmanned operation of the entire process of rice plowing, planting, management and harvesting, and can cut an acre of rice in 8 minutes. At the same time, the central control system in the park can monitor the use of unmanned equipment and various soil indicators in real time to realize "smart farming."

“These equipments, including rotary cultivators, harvesters, grain trucks, and fruit picking machines, are all driven by no one.” This makes Zhong Zhiqiang very excited, “The labor cost is greatly reduced! The output is greatly reduced! An increase of 200-300 kilograms per acre compared with before! ”

△The unmanned variable fertilizer spreader is operating in the field (photo by CCTV reporter Guan Wenqing)

In September 2021, Yoshida Smart Agricultural Park was selected into the seventh batch of agricultural science and technology park construction lists in Guangdong Province; in November, the project acceptance was successfully passed... One after another, good news The news further strengthened Zhong Zhiqiang’s confidence in developing modern agriculture. "Jiangxi called a few days ago and said that they also want to rent our machines to harvest rice."

Seeing how popular unmanned equipment is, the local village committee discussed setting up an "Agricultural Machinery Didi" service Team. "The villagers made an appointment for agricultural machinery services on the website, and we brought the unmanned equipment to their fields for service."

　△Zhong Zhiqiang monitors the smart agriculture unmanned farm in Jitian Village The situation was introduced in front of the big screen (photo by CCTV reporter Guan Wenqing)

On the wall of Zhong Zhiqiang’s office, there is a map of Yoshida Village, which is also his “modern agriculture map.”

“This is an unmanned rice farm, this is a Zen farmer cultural tourism town, this is a thousand acres of mountain greening project...” Zhong Zhiqiang talks about the modern agricultural planning and layout of Jitian Village.

In January this year, Jitian Village introduced the Zen Farmer Cultural Tourism Project, focusing on the development of ecological agriculture, flower sea B&B, and cultural tourism industry ancient village landscape tourism. It plans to invest 22 million yuan and the construction will be completed in 2022.

At the same time, Zhong Zhiqiang also led the village party branch to promote multiple industrial projects such as a pollution-free bean sprout production base, a thousand acres of mountain greening tree project, and a seedling base construction project.

“Young people are also willing to return to the village to learn drone control technology or engage in the cultural tourism industry.” Speaking of this, Zhong Zhiqiang’s tanned face showed a smile, “We are about to The first phase of agricultural machinery training will be held to allow young talents to learn new technologies and develop high-tech agriculture."

For Zhong Zhiqiang, the "modern agriculture map" in his heart is still being improved. "According to our '14th Five-Year Plan', we will continue to introduce high-tech agricultural industries, so that our 10 square kilometers of land will become a demonstration of high-tech agriculture!" What is an unmanned farm 2

"This is the smart brain of our '5G + unmanned farm'. The specific conditions in the field can be seen on the big screen, clearly." On December 9, in the Modern Agriculture Development Center of Zhengyu Town, Haimen District, Nantong City, Zhengyu Town Zhang Yao, deputy director of the water conservancy station, stood in front of several electronic screens and remotely grasped farmland irrigation status, cultivated land area, equipment distribution, environmental monitoring and other data information.

At the end of last year, the province’s first “5G + unmanned farm” demonstration base built by integrating 5G elements in Zhengyu Town was completed and put into use. The square meter glass greenhouse integrates the Internet of Things and big data technology. By installing multiple probes in the field, it collects and analyzes insect status, meteorological data, soil moisture, crop growth and other information, and transmits videos, pictures, and text in real time to realize monitoring. Precision planting, intelligent decision-making, visual management and intelligent control of crop growth management.

When talking about the goals for the next five years, Zhang Yao is full of expectations.

"We plan to further improve the control accuracy and stability of intelligent equipment such as unmanned agricultural machinery, and strive to achieve full unmanned mechanization and remote management as soon as possible." Zhang Yao revealed that in 2022, all 100 acres of farmland in the demonstration base will be fully unmanned. Planting pilot.

The hangar next to the demonstration base is particularly eye-catching in the flat and wide farmland. The white warehouse exudes a sense of technology. It displays unmanned tractors, unmanned rice transplanters, unmanned plant protection machines, and unmanned plant protection machines. Harvesters and other equipment required for all aspects of agricultural production. "Traditional agricultural machinery is not very 'friendly' to operators. For example, traditional harvesters are noisy, raise a lot of dust, and become covered with dust after a while. The work is very intensive at the end of the day. Unmanned harvesters completely avoid these problems, like household harvesters. Like the sweeping robot, it can automatically harvest in the field according to the pre-planned operation path after one-button start, and can automatically return after the end." Zhang Yao said that these equipment also have many "hidden" functions, which are mainly used in the "unmanned tractor". A plow can be installed on the back of the equipment to plow, and it can also be replaced with tractor-mounted agricultural tools such as a hay rake device, a bale clamping device, and a ridge opening device.

"The greatest significance of '5G + unmanned farm' is to liberate people from the fields and realize the transformation of agriculture from a 'sweat-based' industry to a 'smart' industry." Zhang Yao said. The reporter learned that a 300-acre demonstration base in Xin'an Village only needs to be equipped with 3-4 management personnel. Through the cloud operation of the platform, they only need to occasionally go to the fields to inspect and maintain equipment, and the full mechanized and automatic operation of "cultivation, management and harvesting" can be realized. .

What are the benefits of “unmanned farms”? Zhang Yao told reporters that taking rice sowing as an example, compared with manual driving operations, unmanned rice transplanters drive straight and horizontally, have small alignment errors, more uniform row spacing, and good ventilation and permeability between crops, which is more conducive to seedling growth and can improve Crop yield per unit area can be reduced, and the amount of fertilizer used can be reduced. At the same time, this precision can also improve land utilization. Since it can operate 24 hours a day and is not affected by weather, the utilization rate of agricultural machinery has also been greatly improved, and the benefits of cost saving and income increase are obvious. "The 1,000-mu rice-wheat rotation base in Xin'an Village can produce more than 1,300 kilograms per mu this year."

"In the future, people who farm will no longer be carrying hoes. Going to the fields, we no longer rely on heaven and experience.” Looking to the future, Zhang Yao deeply feels that strengthening agricultural science and technology and equipment support is the only way to accelerate the high-quality development of agricultural modernization. There are 162 agricultural machinery of various types in Zhengyu Town. At present, 18 agricultural machinery have been registered on the "unmanned farm" platform, realizing the mode of independent farm business entities issuing orders, platform dispatching orders, and agricultural machinery households receiving orders independently. "Next, we will promote this platform to 15 new cooperative farms in the town to take the lead in rural revitalization technology." Zhang Yao is full of confidence in the future of "5G + unmanned farms". What is an unmanned farm 3

"Unmanned rice farm" refers to rice cultivation, planting, management, and harvesting

The entire planting process uses unmanned intelligent equipment

A modern farm under management

The smart agricultural park in Jitian Village, Genghe Town, Gaoming District, is the home of Foshan Zhongke Agricultural Robot and Smart Agricultural Innovation Research Institute (hereinafter referred to as "Zhongke Smart Agricultural Innovation"). Research Institute"), China's first commercial "unmanned rice farm" application demonstration project built in Foshan.

In recent years, Gaoming District has been accelerating the construction of the "10,000 acres of rice fields" project, introducing scientific and technological capabilities, and accelerating agricultural modernization. This coincides with the development philosophy of the Zhongke Smart Agricultural Innovation Research Institute.

In the Jitian Village Smart Agricultural Park, there are hundreds of acres of green rice fields. Photo by Hong Hai

No need to bend over when sowing, no need to go to the field when transplanting rice, automatic management of field irrigation... In Jitian Village, in recent years, Gaoming District has been accelerating the construction of the "10,000 acres of rice fields" project, introducing scientific and technological power, and accelerating agriculture modernization.

There is no need for manual farming, let alone manual driving. In March this year, the Zhongke Intelligent Agricultural Innovation Research Institute introduced unmanned intelligent agricultural machinery equipment into Yoshida Village, successfully completing farmland rotary tillage, laser leveling and 30 acres of early rice. For sowing operations, the sowing speed reaches 25 acres per hour.

Unmanned farming machinery based on Beidou satellite positioning and navigation technology can efficiently complete rotary tillage, laser leveling, sowing, management and harvesting of rice. The yield has increased by 200-300 kg/acre compared with before. Farmers in Yoshida Village can complete harvesting, threshing, grass crushing, and grain storage by moving their "fingertips" in the shade. Harvesting per acre only takes 8 minutes.

Using cloud computing, data control and other technologies, the Yoshida Village Smart Agricultural Park is cleverly painting a new picture of agricultural farming. A new generation of farmers is using smart technology to promote the development of smart agriculture. In 2022, Gaoming District will develop another 1,000 acres of uncultivated rice fields on the basis of the Jitian Village Smart Agriculture Industrial Park, allowing more young people with knowledge and ideals to participate in agricultural production.