Wang Wei's pastoral poems

Wang Wei is proficient in poetry, calligraphy, painting and music. He is famous for his poems, especially his five words, which praise the landscape and countryside. Together with Meng Haoran, he was called "Wang Meng" and "Shi Fo". Calligraphy and painting are particularly wonderful, and later generations promoted it to the ancestor of Nanzong landscape painting. The following are pastoral poems compiled by Wang Wei, I hope it will help you!

First, "After the rain clears, I will stay in Wangchuan."

Year: Tang Author: Wang Wei

Rain is stored in the forest, smoke comes slowly, and steamed quinoa is used to cook millet.

An egret flies over the quiet swamp, and mango birds sing in the trees in midsummer.

I learned to watch the morning glory in the mountains calmly and eat sunflower seeds with dew under the pine branches.

Let's compete with others. Why should I scare seagulls, even if it's an idea? .

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Wangchuanzhuang, located in the middle of Zhong Nanshan Mountain in Lantian, Shaanxi, is Wang Wei's seclusion place. "Biography of Wang Wei in Old Tang Dynasty" records: "All Uighur brothers worship Buddha, live on vegetables and don't eat meat. Grow up fast in your later years and don't wear clothes. " In this poem, the poet combines his elegant and quiet life with the quiet and beautiful pastoral scenery of Wangchuan, creating a kind of artistic conception in which things enjoy themselves and scenes blend.

"Rain is stored in the forest, and cigarettes are slowly coming, steamed quinoa, steamed millet and boiled millet." The first poem describing the life of the Tian family was seen by the poet on the mountain: it was the rainy season, the sky was wet and the air was moist, the smoke rose slowly over the quiet jungle, and the farmers at the foot of the mountain were cooking. Women steamed quinoa to cook millet, prepared food, and then took it to Dongmao-Dong Tian Head, where men went to work early in the morning. As far as the poet can see, he first wrote the fireworks in the empty forest. The word "late" not only vividly described the smoke from kitchen in rainy days, but also revealed the poet's leisurely mood. Then, we write about cooking in the morning, paying farm money and even having a picnic in the field, showing a series of pictures of people's activities, which are orderly and full of life breath, making people want to see the happy mood of farmer Fu Tian.

The natural scenery written by Zhuan Xu is also the result of the poet's meditation: "An egret flies over the quiet wetland, and mango birds sing in the trees in midsummer." Vast and empty, full of stagnant water, egrets take off, and their posture is so quiet and chic; Listen, the distance is high and low, so beautiful. In the dense forest, orioles sing to each other, and their voices are so sweet and happy. In the summer of Wangchuan, birds are flying, and the poet only chooses orioles and egrets with different shapes and habits, and describes them in connection with their respective backgrounds: snow-white egrets and golden orioles have their own differences in color shades visually; Egrets fly, orioles sing, one takes dynamics, the other takes sound; Desert, describing the wide distribution of paddy fields and broad vision; The sky is cloudy, the summer trees are dense and the realm is deep. These two scenes set off each other and cooperate with each other, making the rainy weather in Wangchuan, Shan Ye picturesque. The so-called "painting in poetry" is a good example.

Li Zhao, a native of the Tang Dynasty, laughed at Wang Wei's "articles are easy to get and sentences are beautiful" (in the national history supplement) because he saw Li concentrate on writing the poem "Egrets fly to paddy fields and orioles fly to summer". Hu Yinglin, a scholar of the Ming Dynasty, advised him: "When the Tang Dynasty flourished, it was not as good as the middle Tang Dynasty, so that predecessors could steal it in advance." ? This is a beautiful poem. "("Poetry, Internal Compilation "Volume 5) According to the press, it is hard to say who copied this poem at the same time and later copied it. But from the artistic point of view, their poems are still high and low. Ye Mengde, a poet in the Song Dynasty, said, "These two sentences with the words' desert' and' Yin Yin' are a faint charm to show their own beauty. For example, Li Guangbi gave orders to the Guo Ziyi army, which was wonderful several times. " "Mo Mo" has a broad meaning, while "Yin Yin" has a profound meaning. Compared with "Paddy Field", "Yin Ying Xia Mu" and "Paddy Field" and "Xia Mu", the picture is broad and profound, full of a sense of realm, rendering the hazy tone and atmosphere of rainy weather.

If the carefree working life of farmers written in the first couplet aroused the poet's strong interest and admiration, then when the oriole and the egret fly freely, the poet will be even more intoxicated. Moreover, in these two couplets, people's activities and natural scenery are not simple imitations of objective things, but are influenced by the poet's telepathy and filtration, with distinct subjective colors and reflecting the poet's personality. For Wang Wei, who "the years have passed, only give me a quiet and free from all kinds of troubles", it is really appropriate to be in this idyllic Wangchuan Villa, which can't help but make him feel endless fun. The following two couplets are to express the poet's joy of seclusion in the mountains.

"I learned to watch the morning glory in the mountains calmly and eat sunflower seeds with dew under the pine branches." The poet lived alone in an empty mountain, lived in seclusion under a pine forest, and realized that life was short by participating in hibiscus, and picked sunflower for fasting. This feeling, in the eyes of ordinary people, is too lonely and indifferent. However, poets who have long been tired of the hustle and bustle of the world appreciate great benefits from it, which is no less than vanity fair, which has always been disturbing and deceptive.

Why should I scare seagulls, even if I think about it, by giving the honorary position to any clown? ? Wilder always calls himself a poet. The poet declared happily: I have been delirious for a long time, and I have never thought of vulgarity. I have no problem with others and there is nothing to argue about. Who else will doubt me for no reason? Ordinary people can almost avoid worldly troubles and indulge in the joy of the mountains. "Zhuangzi Miscellaneous Fables" contains: Yang Zhu went to learn Taoism from Laozi, and the innkeeper greeted him on the way, and all the guests gave up their seats; After coming back from school, tourists no longer give up their seats, but "compete for seats" with him, which shows that Yang Zhu has gained the way of nature and is no longer separated from others. Liezi Huangdi contains: there are people near gulls at sea, and they don't suspect each other. One day, his father asked him to take seagulls home. When he went to the seaside again, the seagull had already flown far away, and his close relationship with the seagull was also destroyed by his bad intentions. These two allusions, which are full of colors of Laozi and Zhuangzi, combine into one, expressing the poet's natural state of mind, which is the result of writing Zhai Qing and Xi Jing on the first part of the League.

These seven methods, vivid in image and profound in meaning, show the poet's leisurely life in seclusion in the mountains and forests, and are the representative works of Wang Wei's pastoral poems. In the past, some people pushed it into the Seven Laws of the Tang Dynasty, saying that it was the ultimate goal of "empty the ancient and refine the present", which was of course due to the eccentricity of feudal literati. However, some people think that "elegant and quiet, not better than Yu Cheng's Accumulated Rain", and appreciate this poem for its far-reaching artistic conception, superb style and good artistic opinions. (See Zhao Diancheng's Ten Notes on Wang Youcheng Collection).

Second, "in the mountains"

Year: Tang Author: Wang Wei

The stream of the river has been flowing for less than a day, and white stones are exposed on the riverbed. The weather is getting colder and the red leaves on the branches are becoming scarce.

There is no rain on the winding mountain road, the smoke is misty in the dense pine trees, and the water vapor is heavy, as if to flow, and then the clothes of passers-by.

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This little poem depicts the scenery in the mountains in early winter.

The first sentence is about a stream in the mountains. Jingxi, whose real name is Changshui, also known as Lianshui, originated in the Qinling Mountains in the southwest of Lantian County, Shaanxi Province, and flowed northward to the northeast of Chang 'an to enter Lianshui. It says here that we walked through the middle and upper reaches of the mountain. Mountain roads are often close to streams, and it is easy to notice the winding Qingxi when walking in the mountains, as if someone is accompanying you. The weather is cold, the water is shallow, and the mountain stream becomes a trickle, exposing the white stone of phosphorus and phosphorus, which is particularly shallow and lovely. Grasping the main features of the mountain stream in winter, readers can not only see its clear color, but also meander through its shape and even seem to hear its gurgling sound.

The second sentence is about red leaves in the mountains. Gorgeous frost-leaf mangroves are the characteristics of Qiushan. In the cold winter, red leaves become scarce; This used to be a less noticeable sight. However, for Wang Wei, a poet and painter who is particularly sensitive to the color of nature, on a thick green mountain background (as can be seen from the following two sentences), a few red leaves are dotted here and there, which is sometimes more conspicuous. They may arouse the poet's reverie about the gorgeous autumn scenery that has just passed away. Therefore, the "thin red leaves" here do not give people the feeling of bleak and withered, but arouse people's cherish and nostalgia for beautiful things.

If the first two sentences describe one or two parts of the mountain scenery, then the last two sentences show the whole picture. Although it is cold in winter, the whole Qinling Mountain is still green and luxuriant, and the mountain road runs through the boundless thick green. Castle Peak itself is ethereal and bright, unlike tangible things, so it is said to be "ethereal and green". "Kongcui" naturally does not "wet clothes", but it is so thick that it can almost overflow the jade water, so thick that almost the whole air is full of jade molecules. People walk in the green, just like being shrouded in a green fog, and the whole body and mind are immersed and moistened by it, but they feel a drizzle, and the wet clothes are cold, so although there is no rain on the mountain road, they naturally feel the "green", which is an unreal feeling and a spiritual pleasure caused by the complex effects of vision, touch and feeling. The contradiction between the word "empty" and the word "wet" comes together in this spiritual pleasure.

Zhang Xu's "Stay in the Mountain" said: "Mysteriously, even if there is no rain, you will get clothes in the depths of the clouds." Touching clothes is a true writing, which shows another beautiful realm of clouds and fog locking mountains; Wang Wei's "wet clothes" in "In the Mountains" is an illusion and illusion, which expresses the poetry of thick green hills. The same scenery in the mountains, the same clothes, but the same works and different songs are wonderful. True art is never repeated.

This mountain winter scene, which is composed of white stone, red leaves and boundless thick green, is full of poetry and painting, without bleak and lonely artistic conception. Compared with some poems written by the author, which are specialized in the quiet realm but inevitably have the color of cold nothingness, the emotion and aesthetic interest revealed by this poem seem to be healthier.

Third, a farmhouse by the Weihe River.

Year: Tang Author: Wang Wei

Sunset shines on the market, and cattle and sheep go home along the path.

A rugged old man in a thatched door leaned against a cane and thought about his son, the shepherd boy.

There are whistling pheasants? Full ears of wheat, sleeping silkworms and peeled mulberry leaves.

Jojo and Fu Tian greet each other cordially.

No wonder I long for a simple life and sigh the old song, oh, back to the past! .

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Draw an idyllic scene in late spring and early summer by line drawing, which shows the admiration for idyllic leisure and the poet's desire to resign.

As the sun sets and night falls, the poet is envious of a picture of returning late from Lotte. The core of the poem is the word "return".

At the beginning, the poet first describes the setting sun shining on the village scene, rendering the dense atmosphere of dusk as the general background, and is in charge of the whole article. Then, the poet fell on the word "return", describing the scene of cattle and sheep slowly returning to the village, which naturally reminds people of several poems in the Book of Songs: "Chickens live in the noise, and at dusk, cattle and sheep descend. The gentleman is in service, why not? " The poet watched the cattle and sheep return to the village affectionately until they disappeared into the deep alley. At this time, the poet saw a more touching scene: outside Chai Men, a kind old man was waiting for the children returning from grazing with crutches. This simplicity exudes the fragrance and affection of the earth, infects the poet, and seems to share the joy of the shepherd boy returning home. After a while, he felt that all life in this field seemed to be homesick at this dusk. Isn't it? The pheasant in the wheat field is so emotional that it is calling its mate; There are not many mulberry leaves left in the mulberry forest. Silkworms began to spin cocoons, set up camp in their comfort zone and find their own home. In the field, farmers came back in twos and threes, carrying hoes, met by chance on the field path, and whispered affectionately, almost forgetting to come back. Seeing all this, the poet was deeply moved by his own situation and life experience. Since Prime Minister Zhang Jiuling was pushed out of the imperial court in the 25th year of Kaiyuan (737), Wang Wei felt that he had lost his political support and was in a dilemma. In this state of mind, he came to Yuanye and saw that everyone had a home, but he was still wandering in the middle. How can he not be envious and disappointed? So the poet's emotional department said, "No wonder I yearned for a simple life and sang" Decline "in disappointment." In fact, farmers are not idle. However, the poet feels that farmers are much safer and more comfortable than their official life, so they have a sense of leisure. "Decline" is one of the poems in the Book of Songs. It is repeatedly recited: "Decline, decline, Hu Bugui?" In order to express his pastoral mood, the poet not only embodies the first sentence "Sunset shines on ruins" in artistic conception, but also falls on the word "return" in content, which makes the description of scenery and lyricism fit seamlessly and reveals the theme seamlessly. After reading this last sentence, I suddenly realized that so many "replies" written in front of me are actually a contrast, and everyone replies, reflecting that they have gone and never returned; Everyone returned in time, cordial and comfortable, and compared their loneliness and depression in officialdom when they retired late. This last sentence is the focus and soul of this poem. It is superficial to think that the poet's original intention is to complete the picture of Tian Jia returning late. The whole poem is not carved or painted, just a stick figure, natural and fresh, full of poetry.

Fourth, "Wu Xinyi"

Year: Tang Author: Wang Wei

The branches of the topmost hibiscus flowers are full of scarlet calyx in the mountains.

The mouth of a stream is silent, without a trace. They open and fall.

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This is the eighteenth of twenty poems in Wang Wei's pastoral poetry group Wangchuan Collection. This group of poems are all five wonders, just like a beautiful painting sketch, which depicts the scenery in Wangchuan area from many aspects. The author is very good at finding beauty in ordinary things. He not only writes vivid images of the scenery with meticulous brushwork, but also often writes an environmental atmosphere and spiritual temperament from the scenery.

"Hibiscus flowers have broken wood and red calyx in the mountains." Wood dust refers to trees. Magnolia is different from plum blossom and peach blossom. Its bud hits the end of each branch and looks like a brush, so the word "sawdust" is very accurate. "Hibiscus" refers to magnolia. When magnolia is in bud, it looks like a lotus arrow, and its petals and colors are similar to those of lotus. Pei Di's "Wangchuan Collection" and poems have the phrase "There are magnolia flowers, and the color hibiscus is chaotic", which can be used as a footnote. The first two sentences of the poem focus on the flower "hair". When spring comes to the world, under the impetus of vitality, Xinyi happily blooms mysterious buds. They are so brilliant, like steamed clouds and Xia Wei, showing a scene full of spring. The last two sentences of the poem say "Flowers fall". The red calyx on this mountain is dotted with lonely households. With the passage of time, it finally spread pieces of fallen English to the world, ending its flowering period of one year. The four short poems not only describe the beautiful image of Magnolia, but also write a lonely scene and environment.

Wang Wei's Collection of Wangchuan gives people the impression of wandering over mountains and rivers, but there are also some chapters showing that the poet's mood is not so quiet and indifferent. These poems are concentrated at the end of the group of poems, like a poem "Paint Garden" by Wu Xinyi: "The ancients were not proud of their officials and didn't know what was going on in the world. I'm proud of being a micro-official and dancing a few trees. The next poem, which is also the last chapter of the group poem "copulation", reads: "Your honour welcomes you, and Du Ruo presents a beauty. Pepper paste is a Yao banquet, and it wants to be the king in the clouds, which contains the vanilla beauty of Chu Ci. Pei Di simply used the poem "Harmony" to explore its meaning: "Lucky Ding is available, I hope you can adopt it". Therefore, if these poems are read together, "Wu Xinyi" is bound to have sustenance while writing scenery. Qu Yuan regarded Xinyi as fragrant wood and wrote it into poetry many times. People are no strangers to it. It faces the cold spring every year and blooms on that tall branch. The image of "Hibiscus with sawdust and red calyx in the mountains" brings people the vitality and prospect of the Spring Festival. However, this tree is facing an environment of "nobody in the stream". The whole poem is written from flowers to flowers, and an environmental description is also inserted. The situation is very different before and after, from sending to falling. Although there seems to be no trace on the screen, it can make people feel lonely about the times and the environment. The so-called "how can I achieve my fragrance when I am old" (Chen Ziang's "love") is not directly expressed, but it can still be implied in the image.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) "My retreat in Zhongnanshan"

Year: Tang Author: Wang Wei

After middle age, I have a strong kind heart, and I didn't settle down at the edge of Mount Zhongnan until my later years.

Interest concentration is often unique to play and have a happy thing to enjoy self-appreciation.

Sometimes go to the end of the water to seek the source, or sit and watch the ever-changing clouds rise.

Occasionally I met a village elder in the Woods, and I chatted with him until I often forgot to go home.

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This poem is not only a description of the scenery, but also a description of carefree and peaceful feelings.

In his later years, Wang Wei's position was not small. In fact, due to the repeated changes in the political situation, he has seen the difficulties and dangers of his career, and he wants to get rid of this disturbing world. He fasted and worshipped Buddha, carefree. After about forty years old, he began to live a secluded life. This poem describes that carefree interest.

The first two sentences: "The middle-aged heart finds its way and comes to live at the foot of this mountain", describing that after middle age, it hates the secular and believes in Buddhism. "Late" is old age; "Nanshan Huang" refers to the location. This was originally a villa in Song Dynasty. After Wang Wei got this place, he was completely intoxicated by the beautiful and peaceful rural scenery there. In his letter "In the Mountains and Pei Xiucai's Brother", he said: "Warming up the scriptures under your feet does not dare to interfere with each other. I went to the mountain, rested in the temple and left with the monks. North involves Xuanba, and the bright moon reflects Guo; In the night, on Hua's body, you can see the ripples at the water's edge, the water waves are up or down, and the moonlight is rippling with the waves in the water. The cold mountain is far from the fire, and the forest is destroyed; Cold dogs in deep alleys bark like leopards; There was a flood of rice in the village, and the scattered bells staggered. At this time, I was sitting alone and the servants were silent. Think about it before and after, work together to write poetry, and walk slowly and steadily. "

From this description, we can know that the second couplet in the poem, "Come and go alone, in beauty, it's all for me", reveals leisure. The last sentence "going alone" shows that the poet is in high spirits; The next sentence "self-knowledge" describes the poet's pleasure in enjoying the beautiful scenery. Poets do not have much in common. When their interest comes, they can only travel alone, enjoy the scenery and enjoy themselves. If there is income everywhere, Dont Ask For Help knows his heart will be interested.

The third is "self-knowledge". "I'll keep walking until the water checks my way" means to go anywhere you want, but before you know it, you come to the end of the running water and see that there is no way out, so you just sit down on the spot. ...

"Then sit and watch the clouds rising in Ran Ran" is an extreme expression of carefree mood. Clouds give people a leisurely feeling and an unintentional impression. This is why Tao Qian said, "A cloud comes out of a hole unintentionally" (see Home). Through this line, the poet's mood at this time will be clearly revealed through the description of one arriving, one sitting and one watching. These two sentences were deeply appreciated by later poets. Yu Biyun, a close friend, said, "If you reach the end of your journey and look at Yun Qi, you will see endless wonders. Only then can you realize that the things in life are infinite and the meaning of learning is infinite. These two sentences have a wonderful effect. " This is very insightful. From an artistic point of view, these two poems are really picturesque and naturally a landscape painting. No wonder Xuanhe Huapu pointed out: "I will walk until the water checks my path, and then sit there and watch the rising clouds and clouds. When I look back, behind me and the mist, when I enter them, they are all painted with their grammar."

The last couplet: "One day, I met an old woodcutter, laughing and laughing, and never came back." Highlighted the word "accidental". In fact, I met this Chaucer not only by accident, but also by accident when I went out to travel. "I will keep walking until the water blocks my way" is natural and accidental. The word "accident" really runs through it and has become a major feature of this trip. Moreover, it is precisely because there are accidents everywhere, so there are "unintentional encounters" everywhere, which shows the leisure in the heart, such as Yunfei's freedom, such as flowing freely and unrestrained traces. It describes the poet's natural simplicity and detachment, which is of great significance to our understanding of Wang Wei's thought.

Sixth, "pastoral work in spring"

Year: Tang Author: Wang Wei

Pigeons sing on the house in spring, and apricot flowers are white on the edge of the village.

Hold an axe to cut far and wide, and hoe the spring pulse.

Yan knows his lair, so he looks at the new calendar.

If you are in a hurry, you will not be royal, and if you are far away, you will travel far.

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This is an ode to spring. Judging from the environment and mood of the poem, it seems that it was written earlier than Wangchuan Collection. In this poem, the poet simply narrates, calmly feels and tastes the taste of life.

It is difficult to see turtledoves in winter. With the arrival of spring, they flew to the village early and sang songs on the house from time to time. The apricot flowers in the village bloomed before the peach blossoms, and the whole village was hidden in a piece of white apricot flowers. The first two sentences and ten words make the meaning of spring very strong through the flowers and birds. Then, the poet wrote about farming from the spring scenery, as if it were the sound of spring pigeons and dazzling apricot flowers, which made the farmers unable to stay at home. Some of them took axes to trim mulberry branches, while others took hoes to check the spring channels. The whole mulberry water management is the earliest kind of labor after winter, which can be said to be the prelude to farming.

Returning geese and the new calendar mark the beginning of spring. The swallow is back, flying on the roof beam, whispering beside the nest, as if she can still know its nest, while the old owner in the house is looking through the New Year calendar. An old friend, who belongs to Yan, is peaceful and stable, and his former residence remains the same, but "East Wind for the Future" lives in the natural and peaceful replacement and progress. Facing the old nest and the new calendar, how will swallows and people plan and build a new life? This is a poetic style, writing the prelude of spring. Isn't it? When the new calendar appears in front of people, isn't it just like spring?

The first six sentences of this poem are the spring scenery seen by the poet. At the end of the sentence, write down your emotional activities. The poet thinks the pastoral scenery in this spring is so beautiful. "Everything is thriving and spring is blooming." Everything is full of life and beauty. He wanted to have a good drink, but he stopped at the wine. He felt sorry and disappointed at the thought that he had left his hometown to become a stranger and had no chance to enjoy and appreciate this life.

This poem has a strong breath of spring, but the poet only describes it calmly and never exaggerates the colorful spring. However, judging from the brisk tone and quiet activities, it successfully indicates the arrival of spring. With a keen sense, the poet captured all the early scenes of spring, as if he were not enjoying the appearance of spring, but listening to the pulse of spring and tracking its footsteps. No matter the people or events in the poem, it seems that they all look forward to and pursue a better tomorrow at the beginning of spring, revealing some characteristics of social life and people's mental outlook in the early Tang Dynasty. People's mental state is also a bit like everything else, happily adapting to spring and appearing healthy, full and developed.

Seven, "New Sunshine Wild Hope"

Year: Tang Author: Wang Wei

After the rain, the new clear sky is particularly open, and the vision is open without any fog and dust.

The gatehouse of the outer city is close to the ferry pier, and the trees at the edge of the village connect the stream and the estuary.

The silvery white river is shining in the fields, especially bright, and the green mountains stand behind the ridge.

It is the busy farming season, there are no idle people, and farmers are busy going to the fields.

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This is an idyllic poem. Describing the countryside in early summer, it was sunny after the rain, and the poet looked at the scenery Yuan Ye saw. At the beginning of the poem, there is always such a feeling when writing a new sunny outlook: after being washed away by rain, there is no dust in the air, which is particularly clear and fresh; At first glance, Yuan Ye is particularly spacious. The poet grasped the characteristics of the environment at a glance, and only used the words "Yuan Ye is spacious" and "there is no atmosphere" to truly reproduce this situation. We should also introduce the reader into this specific situation and watch it with the poet.

Look around, what beautiful scenery is around! You can see the gatehouse near the river mouth in the distance; Nearby, you can see the green trees on the edge of the village near the stream and entering the estuary. This is usually not so clear. Outside the stadium, the silvery white river is sparkling, because it rises after the rain and shines on sunny days, which is brighter than usual; Behind the ridge, many green peaks suddenly appeared, and the peaks overlapped, which was more layered than usual. This set of landscape shots closely captures the characteristics of the sunny new scenery after the rain. At first glance, from far and near, from near and far, there are layers, patterns, colors, brightness and beautiful artistic conception, forming a natural and wonderful picture.

However, such a painting can only be described as a still life sketch. Although beautiful, it looks a bit empty and lacks vitality. As a master of landscape poetry and landscape painting, Wang Wei has a deep understanding of this. So in the last two sentences, he added dynamic characters to this static picture: "There are no idle people on the farm, and the family affairs are in the south." Although it is fictional, it adds infinite commercial flavor to Yuan Ye, which can make people want to see the active situation in the fields in early summer and feel the busy working atmosphere in agriculture. With such a stroke, the whole picture comes alive.

The tone of this poem is clear and healthy, which shows the poet's thoughts and feelings of loving nature, countryside and life. The poet has a keen sense of natural beauty. He is good at grasping the characteristics of the scenery, paying attention to the combination of static and dynamic, and describing it in a clear way, giving readers beautiful artistic enjoyment.

Eight, "Seven Pastoral Songs" (one of which is Wang Chuanliu, and the sixth is Huangfu)

Year: Tang Author: Wang Wei

I hate to see thousands of families crossing the north and south neighbors.

The government has a bottom, and who is it?

Goodbye, Hou, and I'll talk to you about a pair.

It is better to plow south acres than to lie high in the east window.

At the intersection of Cailing River, the clouds are surging, and the forest falls in the west.

Fisherman by apricot tree altar, family in peach blossom garden.

Spring grass is lush, autumn grass is lush, and pine trees grow in Xia Han.

Cattle and sheep return to the village lane, and young people don't know how to dress.

There is a lonely village at the foot of the mountain and a lonely plateau on the horizon.

A swallow flies back to the alley, and Mr. Wu or Liu faces the door.

Hearts also contain fresh rain overnight, green willows and a touch of spring smoke.

The children at home have not been driven away, and the oriole singing the song of idleness is still sleeping.

Come to the spring when drinking, and relax when holding the piano.

The South Garden is exposed, and the East Valley is at night.

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Pastoral Music is a group of poems composed of seven six-character quatrains. The author retired to Wangchuan Villa to get close to nature, so the title is Six Words of Wangchuan. This is one of them. The poem "Sleeping", "Singing", "Falling Flowers" and "Sleeping Rain" in spring is easily reminiscent of Meng Haoran's five-line poem "Spring Dawn". There are so many similarities in the life content of the two poems, but the artistic conception is quite different. Comparing with each other, it is easiest to see two remarkable characteristics of Wang Wei's poems.

The first feature is vivid and colorful, and there are pictures in poetry. This is not to say that there are no paintings in Meng's poems, but that Meng's poems focus on freehand brushwork. Although the wind and rain of flowers and birds are also mentioned, there is no detailed description, but readers can indirectly understand it from poetry. Wang Wei's poems can be completely different. Not only the composition is large, but also the colors are concrete and vivid, and the description is meticulous, so that readers can draw first and then understand. Write peach blossoms and leaf warblers to capture the characteristic scenery of spring. Here, peaches, willows and warblers all refer to flowers and birds, which is more specific than Meng's general reference to flowers and birds, and it is easier to evoke intuitive impressions. It is also obvious that the artistic effect of writing Rain at Night through Stay in the Rain and Facing the Smoke is the same. On the basis of goujing, the use of words such as color, "red" and "green" makes the scenery bright and pleasing to the eye. Readers will see a bright future. "Peach flies away, burning its glory", plus "Liu is Yi Yi", the scenery is pleasant. After coloring, there is a layer of rendering: deep red and light red petals are slightly raindrops overnight, and the colors are softer and more lovely. After the rain, the air is clear and fresh, and the flowers in Ran Ran are overflowing, which makes people enchanted; The green wicker cage is more charming in a hookah. The poetic scene has become a detailed and colorful picture after layers of rendering and careful description; In contrast, Meng's poems are freehand and not colored. One is colored and the other is colorless. Meng's poem begins with "I woke up in this beautiful spring morning" and saw people before entering China. On the other hand, Wang Shi didn't meet anyone before entering this country. Because of the "constant rain", there is a "falling flower". Flowers should be cleaned up when they fall, but "children haven't cleaned up yet." Don't sweep, don't sweep, because people haven't got up in the morning. Isn't this scene of flowers falling all over the place a quiet and interesting scene? This is exactly what Wang Wei likes better. The word "not swept" was obtained intentionally or unintentionally, with no effort and no trace. Finally, I wrote "Yingying crow". Yingying crows without dreaming, and Shanke falls asleep. This is a fascinating picture of "I wake up easily in the early morning of spring". But there are subtle differences with Meng's poems. Meng's poem begins with "I wake up in the spring", but in fact, people are already awake, so there are suspense of "birds singing around" and "I don't know how many flowers have been folded", and its artistic conception can be summarized by two words: "Spring is noisy" and "noisy". This poem was written at the end of spring sleep, when people slept soundly and safely and knew nothing about the outside world. Although the flowers are falling and the birds are singing, it only makes the "mountain guest" live more peacefully, so its artistic conception is mainly based on the word "quiet", and Wang Weizhi's "music" is also here. People say that his poems have Zen flavor, which is not wrong at all. Advocating silence is itself negative. But Wang Wei's poetry is commendable because it is different from silence. He can write interesting things in silence through dynamic and static interaction, giving people a fresh, clear and beautiful feeling. Tang poetry is characterized by vague artistic conception, but there are still two specific manifestations. One kind of bias makes people feel indirectly, such as Meng's poem "Spring Dawn". The other is biased towards the environment, which makes people realize the author's meaning from the environment, so poetry is. And from the environment, there are pictures in the poem. Is that most remarkable advantage of this poem.

The second feature is to work hard on the battle and rhyme loudly. Meng's "Spring Dawn" is an archaic five-character quatrain, which is free in meter and melody. Because Meng's poems are scattered, the meaning and pulse are consistent, and they are wonderful. This poem is another work, because it belongs to six-character quatrains, and its meter is extremely strict. From the point of view of parallel couples, not only the real words such as "Peach Red", "Willow Green", "Su Yu" and "Chaoyan" are steady and steady in the battle, but even the function words are cautious in the battle. For example, "Fu" and "Geng" are opposites, and they have progressive poetic functions in sentences; "Wei" and "Jude" have a poetic turn in the sentence. The verbs "contain" and "take" have positive meanings, which make the objective scenery subjective and vivid. And against Seiko, watching a scene, but echoing each other, muddy as one. Peach, willow green, staying in the rain and welcoming smoke are interrelated, while the phrase "falling flowers" comes from peach and the phrase "singing birds" comes from willow, and "children at home have not been swept" and "mountain guests are still sleeping" also echo each other. What is shown here is the artistic ingenuity of hand cutting and the perfection of the painter's composition. The antithesis and beautiful melody make this poem catchy. Ancient Chinese poetry is dominated by five or seven words, and six-character quatrains are underdeveloped in all previous dynasties, especially famous works, and Wang Wei's poems are rare.