What conditions do sandstorms need to meet? How to prevent sandstorms?

When strong winds involve air entering the air, when the air is turbid, there will be dusty weather, and the visibility will be significantly reduced. According to the difference in weight, sandstorm weather can be divided into five categories: floating dust, sunset, sandstorm, strong sandstorm and special sandstorm. Dust storms occur when the horizontal visibility is less than 1 km.

Dust classification standard

Floating: the horizontal visibility is less than 10km.

Yang Sha: The horizontal visibility is from 1 to10km.

Sandstorm: horizontal visibility is 0.5? 1 km

Powerful sandstorm: level 50? 500 meters

Technical sandstorm: the horizontal visibility is less than 50m.

The northern part of China is affected by sandstorms, including the southern Xinjiang basin, southwestern Qinghai, central and western Mongolia and northern Gansu, all of which are sandstorm-prone areas. Sandstorms in the north mainly occur in spring. In this season, there are more cyclones and windy weather in most parts of the north, which reduces precipitation, dry dust and ground exposure, and has the conditions of sandstorm. After entering the summer, due to the gradual increase of precipitation, the vegetation coverage rate is better and there are fewer sandstorms.

Strong wind, sand burial, soil wind corrosion and air pollution, sand burial and soil wind corrosion have serious adverse effects on human production and life. During the sandstorm, the wind is strong, dry and energy is low, which will cause billboards to fall, houses to collapse, traffic jams and power outages. Dust booths will cause farmland seeds and seedlings to be blown away, causing fires, and even some people will abstain. A large number of fine particles in the filled air also cause serious harm to the human respiratory system.

Before the sandstorm comes, the meteorological department will issue an early warning signal to the society. According to the situation of sandstorm, there are three grades of visibility and visual size. It is said that they are yellow, orange and red.

Sandstorm and its preventive measures yellow warning signal of sandstorm

Meaning: 12 hour Sander weather (visibility less than1000m) or sandstorm weather may continue.

Dust storm and its countermeasures orange warning signal of dust storm

Meaning: 6 hours of strong sandstorm weather (visibility less than 500 meters), or strong sandstorm weather, and may continue.

Sandstorm and Its Response to Sandstorm in red warning signal

Significance: Strong sandstorm weather (visibility less than 50 meters) may occur within 6 hours, or strong sandstorm landscape has already appeared and may continue.

What did you prepare before the sandstorm?

1. Pay attention to various media reports on sandstorms and wind prevention notices.

2. Turn the doors and windows, and predict that all the windows will be closed. The wind speed is easy to blow, and outdoor items that are easily affected by sandstorms should be moved appropriately.

3. Check whether the house is safe. If it is a dangerous building, the risk should be transferred immediately.

4. Kindergartens and schools should take temporary measures and suggest suspending classes.

5. Open-air collective activities or indoor large groups should be stopped in time and completely evacuated. 6. Prepare masks, yarns and other wear-resistant, dust-proof and windproof articles.

What should I do about the sudden sandstorm?

1. Stay in the safest basement indoors. Especially the elderly, infants and patients with respiratory allergic diseases should be in the inner room of doors and windows.

2. If you have a bare back, stay away from trees and billboards and kneel on the low wall. You can avoid sand, crouch behind a high slope, or grab a solid object, and never run away, lest it be rolled up by the wind or buried by dust.

3. As far as the strong dust storm is concerned, it is suggested that kindergartens, schools and units should suspend classes and business. After dust prevention, construction workers and cleaners should temporarily stop outdoor work.

4. Minimize it. If you need to go out by car, you should slow down and try to avoid cycling.

If you need outdoor activities, you can protect your eyes and ports with wet towels and gauze scarves. It is best to wear dust-proof clothes, gloves, masks, glasses and other items.

6. Wash your face in time after returning to your room. The room is full of dust. Wipe a clean cloth.

7. Drink more water, eat more light food and don't buy street snacks. In addition, the air humidifier can also be used indoors to keep the indoor air fresh.

8. Once there is chronic cough or shortness of breath, the attack is asthma and chest pain, so you need to see a doctor as soon as possible.

9. Don't do it when the dust is tempting.

10. Airports, highways and ferry terminals are all affected by strong sandstorms. Please pay attention to the temporary shutdown or stop.

How to ride in dusty weather

1. Pay attention to carefully promote the change of sandstorm at any time.

Be careful when crossing tall buildings or narrow passages in urban areas.

Keep your distance when driving on the highway.

4. Park away from tall buildings, billboards, dead trees, etc.

5. Clean up the dust on your body. If you can't use the car or vacuum cleaner, brush the dust off the paint surface with water first and then wipe it again.

6. Clean the air filter and air conditioner filter in time.

7. Wash the dust on the windshield with water, and then wipe it with a wiper.

What about making dust?

Self-discrimination: immediately close your eyes, lick your eyelids slightly, and let the dust flow from tears to the corners of your eyes.

Help others: If your tears can't drive away the dust, please help.

1. Rescuers will wash their hands with soap and water, and then check their injured eyes.

2. Press the eyelid fold angle, gently wipe the foreign objects, and soak the algae oxide in time with sterile cotton swabs or clean hands to prevent infection.

3. If there is still no dust, you can use cups, bottles and other containers to pour warm water into your eyes and wash foreign objects.

Help the hospital:

1. If the above methods still fail, please don't try treatment and gently cover the injured eye with dressing.

2. Call 120 for help as soon as possible. In the way, it is best to lie on your back and use a stretcher if possible. 3. Pay attention to the comfort of the wound, don't let your eyes face the injured face, and don't rub your eyes forcibly.

When there is dusty weather, the government and relevant departments must formulate countermeasures at all levels.

Airports, highways, railways and other departments must make scientific arrangements to ensure traffic safety. When encountering a strong sandstorm, planes, trains, long-distance buses, etc. , it should be temporarily stopped and stopped.

Hospitals, food processing plants and units that produce and use precision instruments should do a good job in testing food, medicines and important precision instruments.

Relevant units should properly place materials that are easily affected by strong winds, and reinforce coils, shacks, billboards and other things that are easy to blow. The construction site should be covered with bare sand and garbage to avoid dust. Stop all outdoor production activities and dangerous outdoor operations such as high altitude and water.

Farmers should strengthen the construction of infrastructure such as greenhouses and flower shadows, and farmers working in this field should go home immediately or find a safe place to hide.

Pastoral herdsmen should promptly launch livestock and other livestock. If the livestock are far away from the residents, the herdsmen have to rush to the back.

In addition, measures should be taken to prevent major fire accidents in grasslands, forests and densely populated areas.

After the sandstorm, the municipal health department should sprinkle water in time, clean the city streets and deposit a lot of dust.

The fundamental measure to prevent and control sandstorms is to make rational use of grasslands and prohibit excessive reclamation and grazing; Rational utilization and conservation of water resources, and the use of groundwater is strictly prohibited; Love green space and actively plant trees.