Can you introduce the level of sailing competition in the Olympic Games?

Sailing is an entertaining, ornamental, exploratory and competitive project. Modern sailing is an important channel for people of all countries to exchange marine culture, and it has become one of the most popular and favorite sports activities in coastal countries and regions around the world. At present, sailing training groups and sailing clubs are constantly emerging in Qingdao, followed by more and more sailing enthusiasts. Before the sailing competition of the 2008 Olympic Games comes, it will no longer be a dream to gradually popularize sailing.

What do you know about sailing?

Expert: Qu Chun, director of the Competition Department of Qingdao Olympic Sailing Committee, was fully armed before boarding the ship.

Before boarding a sailboat, you need to prepare some equipment: wind vane, hand-held compass, anemometer, route design and hand-held GPS, stopwatch, tape recorder, radio communication and enough clothes. These devices can help you better control the sailboat, grasp the direction, and even eliminate it in time when you are in danger.

In addition, sailing also has strict requirements for dress. First of all, you should wear loose clothes. It takes a lot of action to operate a sailboat, and you need enough exercise space. Secondly, wear clothes with strong breathability in hot weather and several layers in cold weather, but you must use clothes that can keep warm after getting wet, such as leather or polyester fiber; Finally, prepare hats, sunglasses, scratch-resistant shoes, nautical gloves and other equipment according to the situation. Of course, life jackets must be worn. Warm-up exercise is very important

During the voyage, adjusting the sail and blank holder will consume a lot of physical strength. The best preparation is to do warm-up exercises, and flexibility exercises are also very important. Sailing requires many complicated movements, and stretching exercises before and after sailing will help you reduce muscle stiffness to the greatest extent. In order to prevent dehydration, it is recommended to drink plenty of water before and during the voyage. Observe environmental changes at any time

For all sailing beginners, the coach has a good suggestion: pay attention to observation, that is, cultivate a high sensitivity to wind and water and their changes. Observing the environment means always paying attention to the wind direction, weather, waves, current and distance from the shore. By understanding these environmental factors and predicting the changes around you, you will sail confidently in various environments without relying on others. I learned a lot about sailing.

The pleasure of sailing mainly comes from fighting against the changing wind. Sailors need to know the change of wind direction when sailing. The wind direction can be described by geographical location: east, south, west and north, or by the degree of compass: 0,90,180,270, etc. Without a compass, how can we know which direction the wind is blowing? Experts have taught several simple methods: turn around and feel the wind with your face, hands and neck, or look at the water and observe the waves or ripples. The wind direction is often perpendicular to the ripples. You can also look around the shore and observe flags, smoke, trees and wind lines. Be careful not to be confused by flags on other fast-moving ships. The direction of their flag cannot indicate the true wind direction.

When the wind flows smoothly from the windward side and leeward side of the sail, the sailboat can get the maximum power. On the contrary, sailing boats will lose power and slow down. In order to get the maximum power, the crew and the helmsman need to keep the sail at the best angle with the wind. There are two ways to choose from: one is to adjust the angle between sail and wind through sail rigging; The second is to adjust the angle between the sail and the wind through the navigation route. When all these forces are balanced, the sailboat will go straight. If it is unbalanced, the sailboat will turn. People who sail for the first time may have a crosswind most of the time, that is, the wind blows from one side of the sailboat, which is the easiest way for beginners to sail. After mastering it, they can try to turn, stop and start the sailboat in various ways, and learn to use the rudder angle indicator.

If you want to stop sailing, there are two ways to use: the first way is to loosen the sail until it loses power in the wind, so that when the sail is completely windward, you will be in a safe position, then you can change the crew, adjust the equipment, or stop to rest; The second way is to turn the bow and let the bow directly face the wind, which is the first choice at the dock.

The first windsurfing in China was made in Qingdao.

1979, Qingdao Sailing School of the State Sports Commission successfully trial-produced the first windsurfing in China, 1980, held the first windsurfing coaching class in China. Since then, the sport has been rapidly developed throughout the country, with the establishment of professional windsurfing teams of 20 provincial and municipal sports associations and dozens of grassroots amateur training points. Now, there are four national competitions every year: the National International Miocene Championship, the National Surfboard Championship, the National Windsurfing Championship and the National Youth Windsurfing Championship. Windsurfing is also set up in the quadrennial National Games.

Although windsurfing in China started late, it developed rapidly, and participated in international competitions from 65438 to 0982. From 65438 to 0984, Zhang Xiaodong won the first windsurfing world championship for China. So far, China athletes have won three world champions and five Asian Games champions in international competitions. Zhang Xiaodong also won the silver medal at the 26th Barcelona Olympic Games with 1992, which achieved the breakthrough that Asians did not win medals in Olympic windsurfing.

At present, the windsurfing level of men and women in China has reached the world-class level. From 65438 to 0996, Li Lishan won the gold medal in the 27th Atlanta Olympic Games, which made the world realize that windsurfing is a sport suitable for Asians, especially for the development of China people.

Sailing tests physical strength and wisdom.

Anyone who has tried sailing knows that few sports can provide so much freedom as sailing. Driving a sailboat against the wind and waves will bring people great enjoyment and a sense of accomplishment.

The coach of sailing summer camp told reporters that sailing is a fashionable sport. With the increase of people's income, more and more people will consider leaving the land for the ocean. But sailing requires a little adventure. Sailing is different from motorboats, which can be learned in one minute, while the former has a cultural background. In addition to good physical conditions, you must also have a high cultural quality, master the knowledge of aerodynamics, fluid mechanics, meteorology, sports biomechanics, sports training, sports physiology and biochemistry, sports psychology and other disciplines, and have agile thinking, flexible response and judgment. This sport not only tests physical fitness and skills, but also tests wisdom.

The coach believes that teenagers are obsessed with the Internet and TV, and urgently need a healthy and beneficial entertainment to attract them from another angle. Sailing is a good choice, which can promote the physical and mental development of teenagers. First of all, outdoor exercise can exercise, promote bone development and promote nutrient absorption. Secondly, the exercise of operational skills can also cultivate the spirit of challenge and independent ability. Qingdao has such good natural conditions and the advantages of sailing competition in the 2008 Olympic Games. Young people in Qingdao should have certain navigation skills. Only by popularizing sailing knowledge can they be worthy of the name of "sailing capital"

Sailing is becoming a fashion.

This summer, a gratifying phenomenon appeared in the island city. There is a sailing training point not far from the coast, and sails are everywhere. The Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government attached great importance to the popularization of sailing knowledge and instructed the Olympic Sailing Committee and the sports department to carry out sailing training activities. This summer, "Qingdao Olympic Open Day-Sailing Qingdao Experience Sailing and Windsurfing Activities", "Beijing 2008" Olympic Cultural Festival Sailing Open Day and "Qingdao-Kiel" Sailing Camp were launched one after another ... Many of them were public welfare activities that benefited the people and the government. From west to east, three training groups have set up clubs and summer camps in the first bathing beach, and Qingdao International Sailing School and Fengzhifan International Sailing Club have also developed well, so citizens can experience them in these places.

Another gratifying phenomenon is that some famous sailing organizations abroad have also invested in this cause. It is understood that not long ago, French Beneito Group donated sailboats worth more than 6,543,800 yuan to Qingdao, and the equipment will be used for free training activities. According to the person in charge of the Olympic Sailing Committee, the prosperity of sailing promotion activities this year has made a good start for future work. Before 2008, such activities will continue, and Qingdao will improve the sailing sports infrastructure and expand the scope and scale of sailing training points.

FIA and China Sailing Association The governing body of world sailing is FIA. English is Interna? International maritime union, ISAF for short. FIA was founded in 1906, and its headquarters is in Britain. It is one of the largest single sports federations in the world, with 65,438+022 members and 76 sailing classes, of which the smallest class is junior OP sailing and the largest class is Maxi-OD. The current chairman of ISAF is Paul Henderson. 1994 has visited Qingdao twice since he took office. ISAF also has the International Disabled Sailing Foundation (IFDS), which specializes in the promotion and management of disabled sailing. The corresponding project management organization in China is "China Sailing and Windsurfing Association (CYA)", which was established in 198 1. The president of the Olympic Committee is a sailboat.

Mr. Rogge, the current president of the Olympic Committee, is a famous Belgian sailor. In the 1960s, he won the World Championships in Finland and participated in the Olympic sailing competition on behalf of Belgium. Navigation began in BC.

According to records, sailing with the theme of sports and entertainment first appeared in 70 BC, and modern sailing appeared in Europe at the beginning of the17th century. At present, this sport is the most popular in Europe, America and Oceania. There are countless world competitions and intercontinental competitions held there every year, attracting a large number of fans. In recent decades, Asian countries such as Japan, South Korea, the Philippines and Indonesia have also seen more sailboat populations. These coastal countries and regions have established special navigation ports with good navigable waters. Sailing has developed rapidly in China.

Modern sailing in China began at 1978, and nearly 20 provinces, municipalities directly under the central government, autonomous regions and cities with separate plans have carried out this sport so far. Sailing started late in China, but it made rapid progress. Especially, women's windsurfing won three world championships, and won a silver medal in 1992 Barcelona Olympic Games and 2004 Athens Olympic Games. China's sailing events are first-class in Asia and won many Asian Games titles.

Navigation safety tips

◆ When exercising at sea, if you meet yachts, boats and people who fish, swim and surf, you should respect and understand each other and abide by some basic codes of conduct:

Always keep your boat in complete control.

When you see a ship in need of help, you must help them.

● Observe swimming and diving areas and stay away from fishing nets and commercial routes.

Generally speaking, sailboats have priority over power boats, but for the sake of courtesy and safety, sailboats should avoid large power boats in crowded ports.

◆ In case of emergency, the sound of waves, wind and turning will make maritime communication very difficult. Sign language should be used in noisy environment. The most commonly used basic signals are: safe position, approach point, deceleration, sail opening, sail closing, I need help and I'm fine.