Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Weather inquiry - Ji reads Wan 'an.
Ji reads Wan 'an.
2. Chen Xunchuan's translation of classical Chinese in Ming Dynasty: Chen Xunchuan's translation of classical Chinese
Classical Chinese translation Chen Xunchuan
Chen Xun (1385- 1464), a native of Taihe, Jiangxi Province in the Ming Dynasty, was a fellow countryman with Yang Shiqi. In the 13th year of Yongle (14 15), he was the first scholar, taught and edited, and entered the lecture hall. Xuande went straight to the Nangong to attend classes.
In the 14th year of Orthodox Church (1449), a "rebellion" occurred, and Emperor Yingzong was captured by mongolia black's thorn department. It is reported that the news that Yingzong was plundered reached Beijing, and he was at a loss. Some people advocate moving south. Yu Qian was an assistant minister of the Ministry of War at that time and said loudly, "Those who move can be beheaded!" Chen Xun said, "The assistant minister said yes." He supports Yu Qian. Some courtiers made Emperor Jing emperor. At that time, the people in the DPRK were terrified and argued endlessly against the emperor. However, Chen Xun took a middle position and was respected by Jingdi. He was admitted to the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, followed by Shao Bao and Wen Yuan Pavilion. Soon, he joined the Prince Taifu and was admitted to Gaihuatang, where he still served as a bachelor.
Later, Emperor Yingzong came back to reset. Because Shi Heng and other ministers falsely accused Yu Qian of rebellion, Yu Qian and Wang Wen were killed for treason, and Chen Xun was also implicated. He was sentenced to 100 sticks and exiled to Tieling Wei, at the age of 78.
Chen Xunchu is the first scholar, which shows his talent. When he lived in Tieling, he was rebuilding Yuantong Temple. He wrote Rebuilding the Yuantong Temple Tower in Yinzhou for it, Rebuilding the Chongshou Temple Tower for Kaiyuan, and wrote many poems in Tieling. He is a student in Tieling, and his occupation is teaching. He likes the scenery of Tieling and wrote many poems to praise it.
According to the history of the Ming Dynasty, Chen Xun was a relatively upright official. When Xuanzong proclaimed himself emperor, Zhang Kai presented poems to the emperor and invited him to spoil him. Although he knew it would annoy the emperor, he was exempted from responsibility because of his defense. When Jingdi was in the capital, he wrote a book "The Essentials of Diligence", suggesting that ancient emperors should do something to govern state affairs. At that time, there was heavy snow in the south of the Yangtze River, and the wheat seedlings froze to death. He asked for more money and wheat seeds for farmers.
I hope it works for you!
3. Read the following classical Chinese and complete the biography of Huang Zhen. (Qing) Yang? Huang Chunyao's answer to the question 1A 1D 1B 1( 1) A gentleman should take the right path when he first enters the society. How could he harm his reputation and give in to his affair? (2) you can't contribute to the country, you can't live in seclusion and remain childlike, you don't get any gains from reading, and you don't get any results from learning.
(3) I quickly learned from my brother and completely learned his ideas. I usually talk about moral cultivation and often state what my brother didn't say.
Answer analysis questions 1 Gou: Gou, ask questions casually 1① indicates that Huang Chunyao has the habit of keeping a diary and has a strict attitude towards life; (4) After the city was breached, the two brothers came to Zhu Sheng Temple together; 6. It's about my brother Huang. 1A item should be that an important person wants to recommend him to be the first; Item c should be to see my brother's headscarf fall to the ground, pick it up and put it on him; D "manufacturing" does not mean "buying a business", but "writing an exam-oriented article".
Xiao Yan 1 Classical Chinese translator Huang Chunyao, whose real name is Yun Sheng, is from Taoan. Jiading county people.
I have been demanding myself by the standards of sages since I was a child. I used to keep a diary. I must write down what I did during the day and at night.
Wear messy robes, eat brown rice and don't take a penny casually. In the sixteenth year of Chongzhen, he went to the Ministry of Rites to take the exam. An outstanding person said he wanted to recommend him as the first, but he flatly refused.
After winning the Jinshi, he went home without waiting for the candidate officials of the Ministry of Rites. ? When Nanking Nanming regime was first established, the people who asked for officials rushed to go, only Huang Chunyao didn't go.
Someone asked him why he didn't go, and he replied, "A man has always had a good relationship with me, but now he is in cahoots with the person who presides over state affairs. If I go, I will be won over by him. A gentleman should take the right path when he first enters the society. How can he damage his name and give in to an affair? " I didn't go after all.
When Jiading City was surrounded by Qing soldiers, he and his younger brothers Yao Yuan, Hou Tongzeng, Gong Yongyuan and Zhang Ximei held fast to the city. When the city was breached, the two brothers came to the Zhu Sheng Temple in the west of the city.
When he was about to commit suicide, the monk in the temple stopped him and said, "You are not an official yet, so don't die." The aphrodisiac said, "When the city falls, people should be martyred. This is just a matter within the scope of a scholar's duties.
Now, if I borrow this clean place, I will die a fair death. After that, I asked the monk for a pen and wrote, "On July 4th of the first year of Hong Guang, the scholar Huang Chunyao committed suicide in a temple in the west of the city.
Alas, you can't contribute to your country. To say the least, you can't remain innocent in seclusion, you can't gain anything from studying, you can't achieve anything in learning the Tao, and you are loyal and aboveboard. This is the heart. "Finished, just wear good clothes and hats, to the north two worship, hanged himself.
Yao Yuan's name is Gong Wei, and he 15 was an intern. When I was a child, I was very smart. I just studied with my teacher and decided to learn from him. Soon I learned from my brother and completely learned his ideas.
I usually talk about moral cultivation and often state what my brother didn't say. Be careful not to make friends at will.
Chunyao wrote to him after he was admitted as a scholar, saying, "When palace examination announced the roll call, when people saw Ding Jia (champion, second place, and Tanhua) coming to the temple first, they were all amazed and envied, thinking that he was a fairy, but now I am sighing infinitely. Between heaven and earth, there are people who are willing to do it for thousands of years and hundreds of years, but now people refuse to do it for thousands of years and hundreds of years, just want to do it for three years. That's ridiculous! " Yao Yuan won this letter, which further honed his moral integrity.
When he died, he saw his brother's headscarf fall to the ground, so he came down to pick it up and put it on him, and then hanged himself with his right hand. The poems, ancient prose and exam-oriented articles written by Chun Yao are rooted in the Six Classics, and widely read historical records and Han books before and after, and spread to the world with sages as the criterion.
He was only forty-one years old when he died. His owner, posthumous title, and his name, Wen Zhen. Yao Yuan was only 22 years old when he died, holding the manuscript of "Ancient".
When the two brothers died, the blood in their mouths was sprayed on the wall and penetrated into the brick seam for about an inch. This kind of blood has not faded for a long time.
4. Read the following classical Chinese, and complete the minor problem [minor problem 1C minor problem 1B minor problem 1υ(3 points) (Zhou Meipu). He built the dam in Fengshan, blocked the water in the mountain, diverted the water to the Fenhe River, and the people were grateful to him.
(2) (3 points) It is also common for some officials to curry favor with higher-level officials by trapping the people with grain expropriation. (3) (3 points) The world says (or thinks) that if Wang Danwang can accept Zhou Meipu's opinion, it will not only benefit the country, but also his own personal safety.
Small problem 1 The mausoleum is not finished yet. I have come to report that all the kings of Han, Gong, Qing and Wang lived a long life. A few days later, I heard that the mausoleum was defeated, and the king did not like it. Analysis of the answer to the question 1 Tired: the question 1 shows that it is strong, honest and frank; ④ it is a trap set by Wang Danwang; ⑥ it shows that it is honest and upright. Question 1 "People call the water conservancy project he presided over as Zhougong Gate and Zhougong Bridge" to thank him for building water conservancy projects and benefiting the people, which has no causal relationship with Zhou Meipu's "clean government" problem 65438. Obstacle: blocking or blocking, 1 min; Fred: Thanks. 1.
(2) The meaning is fluent,1; Poison: trapping, 1 point; Heng: ordinary, ordinary, 1. (3) The meaning is fluent,1; If, 1 min; ACTS: No, 1.
Question 1 this question examines the ability to break sentences in classical Chinese and breaks sentences according to the meaning of the sentence. Give 0 points for each correct disconnection.
5 points, out of 3 points; Deduct 0 points for each wrong disconnection. When Li Ling's army was not destroyed, the messenger sent a good news to the court, and the officials of the court and the princes raised their glasses to celebrate the emperor.
A few days later, the book of Li Ling's defeat came, and the emperor was dissatisfied with his diet and handling of state affairs. Ministers are worried and afraid, and don't know what to do.
I never thought about my meanness in private. Seeing the emperor sad and distressed, I really want to do my stupid loyalty. I think that Li Ling has always shared weal and woe with the soldiers, and he can get desperate actions from the soldiers, which even ancient famous soldiers may not be able to surpass.
Attachment: Mei Pu, a classical Chinese translator, is from Changsha, surnamed Zhou, named Ke Kai, and the word Gan San. Mei Pu is his own name. He was sent to Gansu as a juren, served as the magistrate of Longxi County, and later transferred to Ningshuo.
He is reasonable, dares to shoulder heavy responsibilities, and goes to great pains to make Ningshuo belong to Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. There are three canals beside the Yellow River: Hanlai Canal, Tang Yan Canal and Daqing Canal, all of which bring water from the Yellow River to irrigate people's farmland.
The place where Tang passed was windy and dusty, and it was easy to flood. Zhou Meipu renovated the canal, making it long, narrow and deep, and slightly changed the direction of water flow. The water in the Tang Dynasty is safe and smooth. There is a hidden hole in the canal that discharges too much water into the Yellow River, so drought and flood weather depend on it. The underground karst cave in Tangyanqu burst, and officials in Ningxia tried to fill the underground karst cave and introduce the water from Tangqu into Hanqu to benefit Ningxia people, but Ning Shuo suffered greatly.
Zhou Meipu tried his best to supervise the restoration of the original appearance, and both counties benefited from it. During the reign of Kangxi alone, the Qing Canal was over 30 miles long. After a long time, the front and back stone gates have been destroyed, and the people can no longer enjoy its benefits. Zhou Meipu's restoration takes less time but has a long-term effect.
Zhou Meipu has made many good achievements in Ningxia, and the biggest achievement is in water control. People call the water conservancy projects he presided over Zhougongmen and Zhougongqiao. Soon, Zhou Meipu was promoted to the magistrate of Duyun, Guizhou.
He followed Governor Wu Dashan and Assistant Minister Qian Weicheng in handling Miao rebellion cases in Guizhou, but he argued against those who were not handled properly according to law and never gave in. He was transferred to Guiyang because he was strong, honest and straightforward, which offended the Governor Gong and was dismissed for official duties.
After being introduced, he was appointed as the magistrate of Zhou Pu and transferred to Taiyuan. Clean up the backlog, repair the dam in Fengshan, stop the water accumulation in the mountain and divide it into Fenhe River. People are grateful to him.
Zhou Meipu was promoted many times and became an official in Jinan Road, Jiangxi Province. Because of his mistake, he was demoted, and later he was promoted to grain depot road in Zhejiang Province. At this time, Wang Danwang became the governor of Zhejiang.
Some officials are used to pleasing superior officials by collecting grain to harm the people. Zhou Meipu has heard of it for a long time, and he hates it.
When Zhou Meipu came to Zhejiang, he vowed not to take advantage of anything, and asked the governor to eradicate the long-standing abuses and agreed to work with him. The governor said "good" on the surface, but in fact he hated Zhou Meipu, but there was no way to let him leave.
On the contrary, the court praised Zhou Meipu for his outstanding talent. Managing grain reserves is a common political problem, which is easy to handle. At that time, the seawall was in critical condition, and Zhou Meipu was requested to manage the seawall. So (Zhou Meipu) was transferred to Haiphong Road in Hangjiahu.
Zhou Meipu rebuilt the coastal stone pond, and the stone pond was greatly rectified. However, Zhou Meipu eventually died of overwork, and Wang Danwang was finally destroyed by official greed. The whole world says that if Wang Danwang can accept Zhou Meipu's opinion, it will not only benefit the country, but also benefit his own personal safety.
After Zhou Meipu's death, the family was very poor. Everyone praised the honest officials and mentioned Zhou Meipu. I think: Zhou Meipu was a law-abiding and rational official during the Qianlong period.
It is the duty of historians to write biographies for law-abiding and rational officials, and the grammar of writing biographies is very strict. I don't work as a historian, but I may write a family biography for my good friends. There may be unrealistic words.
I praised Zhou Meipu's political management ability, wrote his biography and chose simple things. I think, if there is a good historian in the future, I should not be ashamed to select my articles in the biographies of officials.
5. Read the following classical Chinese and complete the small question (10). You Baishui Book Fu Zi ① Su Shengyuan's Small Question 1: ① Eat ② Look back.
Question 2: a (a. Verb, yes; B. modal particles, expressing doubts; C. prepositions, quilts; D. preposition, with, with)
Question 3: (We) soak in hot springs. (Water) is very hot, and its source (water) can probably cook things. (65438+ 0 point for each clause)
Question 4: It expresses the complex feelings of the joy of mountains and rivers and the sadness of life experience. (the meaning is similar. If you only answer one of them, you will get 2 points)
1 Question: This question examines students' understanding and memory of the meanings of notional words in classical Chinese, and requires students to remember the explanations of key words. Students are also required to be familiar with the article and read the book a hundred times, which is self-evident. Pay attention to the definition of the word "ancient" and often test it.
Question 2: This question examines students' mastery of the meaning of the word "Wei". The word "Wei" in "Folding into a Pool" can be interpreted as: verb, yes. The word "for" in the option is interpreted as "a. verb, yes; B. modal particles, expressing doubts; C. prepositions, quilts; D. The preposition "with, with" therefore chooses A, which requires students to master the specific definitions of "with" and "with".
Question 3: This question examines students' reading comprehension and translation ability, and requires students to read more articles and master the meaning, especially the translation of key words.
Pay attention to make up the omitted parts.
Question 4: This question examines students' understanding and appreciation ability. Read the paragraphs carefully, read the emotions between the lines and write them down.
6. Read the following classical Chinese and complete the questions after the article. Visit three caves. When Liu Dakui went to Yiling to govern the country, there was a small problem in the west: C.
Small problem: It highlights the tourists' strong interest in seeking seclusion and winning, shows the "desolate" status of Sanyou Cave, and lays the foundation for the following discussion. (Answer only two points)
Small problem: Sanyou Cave was named after three tourists, including Bai Letian, instead of Sanyou.
Small problem: nothing.
Reference translation:
Starting from the state capital of Yiling Prefecture, walk 20 miles to the northwest by land, near the north bank of Hebei Province, and call Xiagaoguan. The road is too narrow to walk. I'll get off and board. After a mile or so by boat, I heard a loud noise between two cliffs, so I got off the boat, went ashore again, and wound my way up the narrow path until I reached the top of the mountain. Then he slipped down from a height with a rope, and the land below gradually leveled off. A big stone covered the road and blocked it. So he bent down, lowered his head and came out from under the boulder. As soon as I went out, I saw a big, open and flat cave. The cave rises, more than 60 feet high and about 12 feet wide. Two stone pillars stand at the mouth of the cave and divide it into three doors, just like a house with three doors.
The middle room is like a main room, the right room is like a kitchen, and the left room is like a different hall. There is a stone head hanging in the center of the hole. When you knock it, it sounds as clear as a bell. There is a small upright stone outside the left ventricle, which is square and makes a sound like a chime. There are some stones mixed with mud in this place, which will make a "bang" drum sound when hit on them. There is also a bed-like stone in the back, where you can sit. I sang loudly in the cave with two or three friends, and it was very loud, just like musical instruments like Zhong Qing helped it make it louder. Looking down, it is a deep stream, and the sound of water gurgles, as if it were coming from underground. On both sides of the deep stream, the verdant mountain wall is as high as thousands of feet, and there are paths under the mountain wall. The woodcutter is singing, and the song is endless.
In the Tang Dynasty (Juyi), Sima Qian was the official of Zhongzhou in Jiangzhou, and his good friend Yuan (Zhen) was going back to the north from Tongzhou. Lotte and his younger brother retired and met Yuan Zhen in Yiling. They were so happy that they couldn't bear to leave, so they came to visit the cave together. "Sanyou Cave" was named after the three of them. Later, in the Song Dynasty, Ouyang Yongshu (Xiu) and Huang Luzhi (Ting Jian) were relegated to this cave because they were excluded, and they came here one after another, and some even wrote poems to record the matter. I can't help laughing when I think of myself. Who turned me down? Who brought me here? Playing with me is the son of a local scholar, Chen Gong, named Bos and Zhong Si. I'm not Chen Gong, even if I want to come, there's no reason for that. Chen Gong can't come this time because of business, so (if) he comes, will it be lucky or unfortunate?
Great men in the world, such as Lotte and Weizhou, were famous at that time, so the places they walked through were passed on to future generations, and this place can also be brilliant with others. People like me, even if they walk through strange landscapes and steep places, what's the difference between insects and birds coming and going here? Even so, if the beautiful mountains and rivers make them live in big cities or places with convenient transportation, then people who like to play will rush to play. However, in a desolate and remote place, beauty does not appear outside, and people can't appreciate its beauty in person. Alas, where is this a person's misfortune?
7. Read the following text and complete the following sub-question 1: (1) Shit. 2 send, send. (3) beyond. (4) Take a brisk walk.
Question 2: (1) Why do you get together to drink and sigh with each other many times? (2) It snowed for several days in a row, and the wine seller let the guests gamble with him every day, and used the money he won to buy wine and meat to eat and drink together. (3) hey! Wine sellers are not only virtuous people, but also wise people!
Question 3:(l) Integrity management. For example, if children or women come to buy wine, they must ask who to buy wine for. (2) being helpful. For example, paying debts for others. (3) understanding. For example, worried that guests can't eat and drink as they please, they take the way of winning money to buy wine and meat with guests. (4) intelligent housekeeper. For example, if you have nothing to do at home, you can spend all your time on your third son to protect your family's property.
Question 1:
Analysis of test questions: This topic is the reading comprehension part of "20 14 Chinese test questions for senior high school entrance examination in Tai 'an City, Shandong Province". Proposition thinking: to examine students' understanding and memory of the meaning of notional words in classical Chinese. Methods: Ask students to memorize the explanations of key words. Students are also required to be familiar with the article and read the book a hundred times, which is self-evident. Be careful to leave. Summarize the usage of "one" after class and test it frequently.
Question 2:
Analysis of test questions: This topic is the reading comprehension part of "20 14 Chinese test questions for senior high school entrance examination in Tai 'an City, Shandong Province". Topic thinking: This question examines students' reading comprehension and translation ability. Methods: Ask students to read more articles and master the meaning, especially the translation of key words. Pay attention to "drinking together" and "discussing with each other" in the sentence 1. The meanings of "continuous", "taking" and "drinking" in the second sentence. The meaning of "bandit" and "wise man".
Question 3:
Analysis of test questions: This topic is the reading comprehension part of "20 14 Chinese test questions for senior high school entrance examination in Tai 'an City, Shandong Province". Topic thinking: This question examines students' ability to analyze characters. Methods: Let students read more articles and analyze the characters from the perspective of front description and side description.
Reference translation
There was a liquor seller in wanan county who made a fortune by his superb wine-making skills. Never bully others in my life. Some people send children and women to buy wine, and the wine seller must ask, "Can I drink?" Some people (who came to buy wine) tripped and broke their wine containers. Wine sellers always take out wine bottles from home and fill them up. Let (the wine buyer) take it back. Therefore, people near and far praised him as a man of noble character.
Some people in the village get together to drink many times, discuss things and can't make a decision, sighing to each other. The wine seller asked, "Why do we get together to drink many times and sigh at each other?" The people who got together to drink said, "We have provided a guarantee for A to borrow money from B. If A refuses to repay the money after the deadline, it will be prosecuted. If you are sued, you will lose everything, things will be implicated in us, and our families will not rest in peace! " The wine seller asked, "How much did you guarantee?" They replied: "The principal and interest are one * * * four hundred and twenty." The wine seller said, "What's there to worry about?" Take out 420 to help them repay the loan at once, and there is no need to borrow money. There was a man walking on the road with a lot of things in his back pocket. He was trapped by the heavy snow and could not move forward. I heard that the wine seller is a virtuous man, so I quickly went to his house to board. It snowed for several days in a row, and the wine seller let his guests gamble with him every day, and used the money he won to buy wine and meat to eat and drink together. Many times the guests lost, and privately said unhappily, "Isn't it a virtuous person who sells wine?" However, I have already lost, and I have to eat, drink and spend the money I won from me. "After the snow stopped, the guests cashed in their gambling losses and were ready to set off. The wine seller smiled and said, how can the host buy wine and meat with the guest's money? The weather is very cold, and guests (you) will inevitably refuse to eat or drink in the name of gambling. The wine seller returned all the money he had won from the guests.
Mr. Wei said: I heard that wine sellers like gambling, and they gamble with their three sons all day long when they have nothing to do. There is no etiquette when family members quarrel. When someone asked him, he said, "My sons like to play, otherwise they will gamble with others and ruin my property." Alas! Wine sellers are not only virtuous people, but also wise people!
8. Classical Chinese translation Chen Xunchuan.
Let me introduce him to you. He is quite similar: Chen Xun (1385- 1464), whose real name is Dezun, was born in Taihe, Jiangxi Province in the Ming Dynasty. Yang Shiqi and I come from the same city.
In the 13th year of Yongle (14 15), he was awarded the title of teacher. Xuande went straight to Nangong at the beginning, became a lecturer with a bachelor's degree, and later entered the academician courtyard with a bachelor's degree.
After nine years of orthodoxy (1444), he entered the Wen Yuan Pavilion for maintenance. In the second year, the right assistant minister of the household department, bachelor.
In the fourteenth year of orthodoxy (1449), "civil strife" occurred, and Emperor Yingzong was captured by mongolia black's thorn department. It is reported that the news that Yingzong was plundered reached Beijing, causing confusion and confusion.
Some people advocate moving south. Yu Qian was an assistant minister of the Ministry of War at that time and said loudly, "Those who move can be beheaded!" Chen Xun said, "I said yes."
Support Yu Qian. Some courtiers held the throne of Jingdi.
At that time, the people in the DPRK were terrified and argued endlessly against the emperor. However, he took a middle position, won the respect of Jingdi, entered the book of ministers, followed by Er, entered Shaobao, and served as a bachelor in the library. Soon after, he joined the Prince Taifu and entered the library. The bachelor still served as a bachelor in the library. Later, Emperor Yingzong came back to reset. Because Shi Heng and other ministers falsely accused Yu Qian of rebellion, Yu Qian and Wang Wen were killed in rebellion, Chen Xun was implicated, punished with one hundred sticks and exiled to Tieling Wei. At that time, Chen Xun was 78 years old.
Chen Xunchu is the first scholar, which shows his talent. When he lived in Tieling, his poems coincided with the rebuilding of the Yuantong Temple in Tieling. For this reason, he wrote The Rebuilding Tower of the Yuantong Temple in Yinzhou, The Rebuilding Tower of Chongshou Temple and many poems of Tieling Kaiyuan. He is a student in Tieling, and his occupation is teaching.
He loved the scenic spots and historical sites in Tieling and wrote many poems praising them. According to the Ming History, Chen Xun was an honest official. When Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty ascended the throne, Zhang Kai presented poems to the emperor as an invitation. Although he knew he would annoy the emperor, he was exonerated by his defense.
When Jingdi was in the capital, he wrote a book "The Essentials of Diligence", suggesting that ancient emperors should do something to govern state affairs. At that time, there was heavy snow in the south of the Yangtze River, and the wheat seedlings froze to death. His requests for distributing treasury silver and buying wheat seeds for farmers were mostly adopted by the emperor.
Later, Shi Heng told a lie, and Chen Xun was released as a citizen, still living in Tieling, and died a year later. He died in Tianshun, Ming Yingzong for about five years.
Later, Yu Xue was rehabilitated and sacrificed in his original position. I hope it works for you.
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