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(1)① Use economic means to formulate relevant policies and plans, guide participants in economic activities, and promote the solution of environmental pollution problems. (2 points, if the answer is "using fiscal and taxation policies to guide business operators to actively change the mode of economic development, take a new road to industrialization, and reduce environmental pollution and waste of resources and energy". )

(2) Use legal means to improve economic laws and regulations conducive to environmental protection, and crack down on economic violations that damage the environment according to law. (2 points)

(3) Use administrative means, adopt administrative orders, instructions, regulations and other measures to regulate and manage economic behaviors that cause environmental pollution. (2 points)

(2)① Actively participate in democratic decision-making and make suggestions for the government to control environmental pollution through various means. (2 points)

(2) correctly exercise the right of democratic supervision, supervise the government to implement measures to control environmental pollution and the production and operation behavior of enterprises, and report illegal sewage enterprises. (2 points)

③ Actively participate in democratic management, participate in community environmental protection actions, and create a safe and civilized community. (2 points)

④ Adhere to the principle of unity of rights and obligations, consciously fulfill obligations and practice a low-carbon lifestyle. (2 points)

(If you answer from other angles, as long as it makes sense, you can also give points as appropriate. )

Analysis of test questions: This question examines macro-control and civil rights and obligations. Question 1: Examining macro-control measures, candidates can analyze from three aspects: economic means, legal means and administrative means, and pay attention to combining materials. Question 2: Examining the rights and obligations of citizens, candidates can answer from the perspectives of participating in democratic decision-making, participating in democratic management, unifying rights and obligations, and consciously fulfilling obligations.

Comments: The main means of macro-control: ① Economic means: refers to the measures taken by the state to influence and adjust economic activities by adjusting economic interests; (2) Legal means: refers to the means by which the state regulates economic activities by formulating and applying economic laws and regulations; (3) Administrative means: refers to the state's regulation and management of the economy through administrative orders, instructions, laws and regulations and other compulsory means. National macro-control should be based on economic and legal means, supplemented by necessary administrative means. Citizens' rights and obligations: ① Citizens' political rights: the right to vote and be elected, political freedom and supervision.

Political obligations: safeguard national unity and national unity, abide by the Constitution and laws, safeguard the honor and interests of national security, perform military service and join militia organizations. The difficulty is moderate.