Introduction to the Cultural Background of Osmanthus fragrans

Cultural Background and Cultivation History of Osmanthus fragrans China has a long history of cultivating Osmanthus fragrans. Osmanthus fragrans was first mentioned in the literature of the old Warring States period, which means "laurel tree in the mountains". Qu Yuan's "Nine Songs of Chu Ci" also includes: "Help Beidou xi to drink Guangxi syrup safely, and Xinyi Xi is the flag of Guangxi". From the Han Dynasty to the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Osmanthus fragrans has become a valuable flower and exquisite tribute. At the beginning of Han Dynasty, Gan Yuan was introduced into the palace and succeeded. Since the Tang and Song Dynasties, osmanthus planting has become popular. In the Tang Dynasty, it was very common for literati to plant osmanthus, and singing osmanthus became a common practice. In the first poem of Lingyin Temple in Song Dynasty, there is a famous sentence "osmanthus clouds float outside in the middle of the moon", so later generations also call it "Tianxiang". After the Tang Dynasty, Osmanthus fragrans was widely used for garden cultivation and appreciation. In Ni Zan's poem "Osmanthus fragrans" in Yuan Dynasty, there is a sentence "The laurel leaves are shining at sunset, and the shadow fades", which shows the situation of planting Osmanthus fragrans in front of the window. Folk cultivation of osmanthus fragrans began in the Song Dynasty and flourished in the early Ming Dynasty. In the history of China, five osmanthus producing areas were all formed here. Osmanthus fragrans was introduced to Britain through Guangzhou and India in 177 1 and has developed rapidly in Britain since then. Now it is cultivated in many countries in Europe, America and Southeast Asia, especially in Mediterranean countries. Osmanthus fragrans has many nicknames: "Gui" is because the leaves are like Gui; Texture, such as rhinoceros, also known as osmanthus; It is elegant and noble, full of fragrance, and is called "Xianyou"; Osmanthus fragrans is also called "fairy tree", and "the moon grows old among flowers". Osmanthus fragrans generally grows on rock ridges, also known as "rock osmanthus"; Osmanthus fragrans is known as the "Nine Mussels" because of its rich aroma and clear and consistent aroma. Yellow flowers are as thin as millet, so they are called "golden millet". Osmanthus fragrans is a "Xianke"; Flowers bloom in autumn, and it is said that the autumn god dominates the west, so it is also called "Xixiang" or "Autumn Township"; Osmanthus fragrans is a symbol of nobility, chastity, honor, friendship and good luck. A person with a successful career is called "winning the laurel". Legend has it that there was a plague in Xianning, and almost one third of the people died. People use all kinds of folk therapies to no avail. At the foot of the hanging list, there is a brave, loyal and filial young man named WU GANG, whose mother can't afford to get sick. The young man goes up the mountain every day to collect medicine to save his mother. One day, Guanyin returned from her eastward tour and was rushing back to the west for the Mid-Autumn Festival. On this day, I passed by and saw the young man collecting medicine on the cliff, which was deeply moved. In the evening, I had a dream for him, saying that there is a tree called osmanthus in the Moon Palace, also called osmanthus, and there is a kind of golden flower that can be used to soak in water and cure this plague. Hang the ladder on the mountain until August 15, and you can get it from the Moon Palace. Tonight is 8 12, and the Mid-Autumn Festival is in three days. To reach the top of the hanging list, you must cross seven deep streams and climb seven cliffs and rocks. It takes at least seven days and seven nights, but time waits for no one. If you miss the flowering period of osmanthus fragrans every year, you have to wait another year. To make a long story short, this WU GANG successfully reached the summit on the evening of August 15, and caught the ladder leading to the Moon Palace. August is the season of sweet-scented osmanthus, and there are sweet clouds floating outside. WU GANG followed the smell to the osmanthus tree, but he couldn't hold on, so he thought of a way. He shook the osmanthus tree and let it fall into the river at the foot of Guabang Mountain. Suddenly, the river was fragrant and dyed golden yellow. It would be nice if people drank the river. So people named this river Jinshui. Later, a little water was added next to the gold character, and it was named "Ganhe". On this night, this is

Asked what Wu Gang wanted to do, WU GANG said that he wanted to take osmanthus trees around the world to help the poor. So the Jade Emperor thought of an idea to punish WU GANG and agreed to WU GANG's request. He said that as long as you cut the osmanthus, you can take it away. So WU GANG found a big axe and cut it down, trying to cut down the tree quickly. The Jade Emperor cast a spell, and WU GANG chopped it for thousands of years. Seeing that the tree can't fall down, WU GANG is homesick, so every year on the Mid-Autumn Festival night, a osmanthus tree falls on the watch-hanging mountain to show his homesickness. Year after year, the mountains in Hangbang are covered with osmanthus, and the villagers use this osmanthus to make tea. There will be no more disasters in Xianning. Chang 'e, WU GANG and WU GANG were childhood friends. WU GANG has been taking care of WU GANG's old mother since she went to the Moon Palace last month. Until the old man died. WU GANG and Chang 'e are far apart, and their love for each other is growing day by day. WU GANG couldn't come back until he cut down the osmanthus tree. Chang 'e is isolated from the world and can't go to see Wu Lang. Finally, one day, the Queen Mother took her seven daughters to take a bath in Mingshui Spring at the foot of Guabang Mountain. When Chang 'e saw it, she secretly took the elixir of the Seven Fairies, took it home to eat, and took her jade rabbit to see WU GANG in heaven. Without the elixir, the seven fairies cannot return to heaven. Three days later, before they could go to heaven, my sister came to take a bath. You know, one day in the sky, one year on earth. During these three years, seven fairies met Yong Dong. Legend has it that in ancient times, there was a widow selling mountain wine at the foot of Liangying Mountain. She is generous and kind, and her wine is mellow and sweet. People respected her and called her Brewmaster. One winter, it was freezing. Early in the morning, Miss Fairy Nine just opened the gate and suddenly saw a skinny and naked man lying outside the gate. It looks like a beggar. The fairy felt the man's breath, took him home, filled him with hot soup and fed him half a glass of wine. The man woke up slowly and said excitedly,' Thank you for saving my life. I am paralyzed. I will starve to death if I go out. Please be kind and take me in for a few more days. "Fairy wine lady in a dilemma. As the saying goes,' many things are wrong in front of widows'. Such a man lives at home, and others will gossip. But think again, we can't watch him freeze to death and starve to death! Finally, I nodded and agreed to let him stay for a while. As expected, the scandal about Miss Xianjiu spread quickly, and everyone alienated her, and fewer and fewer people came to the hotel to buy wine every day. But Miss Xianjiu endured the pain and took care of the man wholeheartedly. Later people didn't come to buy wine, so she couldn't hold on, and the man left without saying goodbye. The fairy couldn't help worrying. She looked everywhere. On the hillside, she met a white-haired old man, carrying a load of dry wood and trudging. The fairy was about to help her when the old man suddenly fell down and the dry wood was scattered all over the floor. The old man closed his eyes and his lips trembled. He shouted weakly, "Water, water. "Where there will be water on the barren hills? The fairy lady bit his middle finger, suddenly, bleeding profusely. She put her finger on the old man's mouth and he suddenly disappeared. In a breeze, a yellow cloth bag fell from the sky, which contained many small yellow paper bags. There is also a yellow note that says: The Moon Palace awards the osmanthus prize to good people. Osmanthus fragrans is tall and green, with long life and many flowers. Pick flowers to brew Gui Xiang wine, and give it to parents first. WU GANG is very loyal, but treacherous. The fairy lady realized that both the paralyzed man and the old man who collected firewood had been changed by WU GANG. As soon as the story spread, people from far and near came to see Suo Guizi. Kind people planted cassia seeds, and soon they grew osmanthus trees and osmanthus flowers, which filled the courtyard with sweetness and infinite glory. A person with a crooked mind, his osmanthus just doesn't take root and sprout, which makes him feel embarrassed, so he will turn over a new leaf and be kind from now on. Everyone is very grateful to Mrs. Fairy Wine. It was her kindness that touched WU GANG Daxian, who runs osmanthus trees in Gong Yue. Since then, cinnamon wine has spread all over the world. Since then, there have been osmanthus and osmanthus wine in the world. Los Angeles Cultural Heritage in August

Many poets write poems and lyrics to describe it, praise it and even deify it. A series of myths about the Moon Palace, such as the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon, Wu Gang's felling of osmanthus, the Palace Que in the Mid-Moon and the Wonderland in the Palace, have become the most popular talk in the past dynasties, and it is osmanthus that links them together. The osmanthus tree has actually become a "fairy tree". Han Zicang's poem in the Song Dynasty: "There are guest species in the moon, and there are no flowers on earth to compete for fragrance." Li Qingzhao called osmanthus tree "the first among flowers". In modern times, cinnamon rose to the throne of ten famous flowers after public selection. Osmanthus fragrans has many names. Guigui is named after its veins resemble Guigui, osmanthus fragrans is named after its dense material and rhinoceros-like texture, and rock osmanthus is named after its natural distribution among clustered rock ridges. Because it smells fragrant when it blooms, it is also called Qilixiang and Murraya. It belongs to Oleaceae and Oleaceae. Native to southwest, south and east China, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Zhejiang and other places have wild resources, especially Chengdu, Wuhan, Nanjing, Guilin, Hangzhou and Suzhou. Widely planted from Huaihe River to the south of the lower reaches of the Yellow River. In the area north of Huaihe River, it is difficult for osmanthus to overwinter in the open field. Potted plants are generally used and moved into greenhouses or cold cellars in winter to ensure normal growth. Osmanthus fragrans is cultivated in Japan and India. From 177 1, osmanthus fragrans was introduced to Britain through Guangzhou and India, and then it expanded rapidly. Widely cultivated in Europe, America and many countries in Southeast Asia, it has become an important aromatic plant. Some sweet-scented osmanthus bears fruit, while others bear no fruit. Drupe usually ripens in April-May of the following year, and it takes 5-6 years to blossom when sowing. Cutting, grafting and layering branches for asexual reproduction can bloom in the same year. There is a record in the Song Dynasty: "The full moon is full of flowers, and the flowers are damaged and then the moon is lost. You know, everything in the world is at the same time as autumn. " The basic law of its flowering is pointed out: Osmanthus fragrans blooms at the full moon on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month every year, and the flowers wither after half a month. Osmanthus fragrans likes temperature, has strong stress resistance, high temperature resistance and cold resistance. It can overwinter in the open field south of Qinling Mountains and Huaihe River in China. Osmanthus fragrans likes sunshine and is also resistant to shade. Its branches and leaves grow luxuriantly and flowers are dense under full illumination, and its branches and leaves are sparse and flowers are scarce in the shade. If potted plants are planted indoors in the north, it is especially necessary to pay attention to the sufficient light for growth and flower bud formation. There are many records about the weather of osmanthus in ancient times. In the Tang Dynasty, Wang Jian's Fifteen Nights Looking at the Moon includes Coody Leng's Silent Wet Osmanthus fragrans, Liu Zongyuan's Dew Mountain Fragrance, Bai Juyi's Steaming Fragrance in Autumn, Picking Yellow in the Golden Moon, Lu You's Exposing Wet Fragrance in the Song Dynasty, You Path, Beautiful Sun and Beautiful Window. Poems such as Coody Leng and Mi Lu show that flowers will be cold sooner or later. "Steaming" means that the weather will be hot for a while. This cold weather in the morning and evening and sultry weather in the daytime is not only beneficial to the nutrient accumulation of osmanthus trees, but also can promote the formation of rain dew and accelerate the flowering of osmanthus trees. Suzhou people call it "osmanthus steaming". Around the Mid-Autumn Festival, the weather suddenly gets hot, just like summer. Osmanthus fragrans will rot when steamed for a long time. Osmanthus fragrans flowers need a certain humidity and a certain temperature difference. Osmanthus fragrans can enjoy flowers and smell fragrance, so it is often used in modern urban gardens. Osmanthus fragrans also has rich cultural significance. "Beautiful things are the glory to show off", and osmanthus has always been a symbol of beauty and nobility.

Osmanthus fragrans is distributed in 45 townships in 6 counties and cities in the city. There are four varieties of osmanthus fragrans, namely Jingui, Yingui, Dangui and Sijigui, and there are nearly 30 varieties of osmanthus fragrans. There are 6.5438+0.5 million osmanthus plants with a diameter of more than 5 cm, covering an area of more than 50,000 mu. In particular, there are 2,000 ancient osmanthus trees in the city, accounting for 9 1% of the 2,200 trees in China. 1963 and 1983, Xianning was named "the hometown of osmanthus" twice. In 2000, the country once again named Xian 'an District of Xianning as the only "hometown of osmanthus in China". Xianning has won numerous national honors by virtue of its undisputed resource advantages. According to the special investigation of osmanthus fragrans, compared with 1999, the area, output, output value, tax revenue and net income of farmers have all increased greatly, and the osmanthus fragrans industry has developed by leaps and bounds. Xian 'an District has been listed as a national seedling and flower base by the State Forestry Administration. Xianning osmanthus products have been exported to Japan, the United States, Europe, Southeast Asia and other countries and regions 10. "Rose fragrance, jasmine fragrance, can't compare with osmanthus fragrance in Jiangnan", and the rich osmanthus fragrance gave birth to Gui Xiang culture with southern Hubei characteristics. In one post, the legend of osmanthus fragrans and the story of osmanthus fragrans in the south of Xianning spread all over the country. One week in Lu 'an, the background of Lu 'an TV series "Sweet Osmanthus Blossoms Everywhere in August" is now the instructor of the training class for cadres of the New Fourth Army in southern Henan, Lu 'an, and he has been the political commissar of the guerrilla detachment in Huoyingshan for a week. Huo Yingshan This is Huoshan County, Lu 'an City. Lu 'an, also known as Lu 'an, is often written as Lu 'an because of the same pronunciation. Osmanthus fragrans is one of the largest and most concentrated producing areas in China. Adapted from the tune of Dabie Mountain folk song "Osmanthus fragrans Bloom Everywhere in August". It has been sung for a long time, and its birthplace has many versions. Since 1980s, the birthplace of Baduanjin has caused controversy in various places, including Jiangxi, Sichuan, Hubei, Anhui, Henan and other places. "Osmanthus fragrans Blossoming Everywhere in August" by Xinyang Jude Wong Red Sun Troupe has been sung all over the country and become a classic of China revolutionary history folk songs. Shopping malls and counties are proud of the blooming of osmanthus everywhere in August, which has made irreplaceable contributions to the blooming of osmanthus. Xinyang takes osmanthus as the city flower of its own city. Xinyang is located in the south of Henan Province, bordering Anhui in the east and Hubei in the south. Xinyang has beautiful scenery and pleasant climate. The flower in Suzhou is osmanthus. It belongs to the evergreen tree of Oleaceae. It has been cultivated in China for more than 2,000 years and has been rated as one of the top ten traditional famous flowers. There is a popular folk myth that there is a laurel tree 500 feet high in the middle of the month. WU GANG, a native of Hexi in the Han Dynasty, was punished for cutting Guangxi last month because he didn't obey the rules of learning immortals. However, this tree can never be cut down like it was cut down. He works hard all the year round, and he can rest only when osmanthus blossoms in the Mid-Autumn Festival. Mao Zedong's poem "Ask WU GANG what he has, and WU GANG holds out osmanthus wine" is a vivid embellishment of this story. People of all ages regarded osmanthus as an auspicious omen. Whoever rises to the top of the list is called "winning the championship". For those who get honor, it is called "crown". Some young men and women of ethnic minorities in Guangxi also like to send osmanthus flowers to their relatives to show their love. So there is a proverb, "osmanthus trees grow in all my heart, and osmanthus trees grow in the forest." Hangzhou regards osmanthus as the city flower, not because of its beauty and size, but because it has deeper connotation. Osmanthus fragrans is a kind of flower with connotation. First of all, its aroma is rich, elegant and pleasant. Whenever Osmanthus fragrans is in full bloom in autumn, the fragrance of Osmanthus fragrans permeates Hangzhou, making people feel comfortable and happy. Secondly, there are countless literati chanting osmanthus in Hangzhou. Visible swe culture

Jianti atrium, silent wet osmanthus. The moon is full tonight. I wonder whose house collapsed in Qiu Si? Song dynasty. Zhu blows the west wind and is good at all kinds of incense. Who are you busy with in autumn? Under a book storage window, people and flowers are fragrant. When the moon is full, the flowers are just right, but when the flowers are broken, the moon will return the loss. You know, everything in the world is simultaneous. Song dynasty. Terrestrial exclusive Sanqiu dominates the public, orange green and orange yellow. From the Mid-Autumn Festival next month, the fruit will float to the sky and smell fragrant. Tang Bai Juyi was in the east of Suzhou, which was the capital of the ancient State of Wu. This is the firewood yard in Mu Zhi. There is a plant in Guangxi that was born at the gate of the city, but it was not allowed to fall to the ground because there were three quatrains expressing condolences. I have fallen from Tianzhu Temple and taken root in today and Greentown. At that time, it should have been blown down by the south wind, fell to earth, and gained a second life. Although the snow pressure is high, it will not die, and it will be quiet for a long time. Trouble falls into the hands of firewood and is sold as a pile of firewood in Suzhou. Knowing that osmanthus is lonely in the sky, I want to ask Chang 'e not to be there. Fortunately, there are spare fields on the moon. Why not plant two plants in the center? The graceful Song Zhuxi under the rocks is full of fragrance at the end of life. Green leaves, yellow flowers. Li Gang's elegant fragrance is not for spring, but for autumn wind. The fragrance is stronger than other flowers. Shake the gold like jade, and strike the dragon like a meeting under the moon. The branches are inlaid with gold, thyme and thyme to introduce you to IELTS. It is difficult to grow old when the jade pot is spilt. A few bright windows are very clear, and the remaining English and yellow gradually fade away. Wang Wei is idle, sweet-scented osmanthus falls, and spring comes at night. When the moon comes out, birds in the mountains will sing in the spring stream. From 055 to 79000, Chen Youhua bloomed and Brahma lingered here at dusk. Don't teach laity to lie on the couch, call out the West Chamber. Song Wenzhi, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, is fragrant in the moon. From 755 to 79000 AD, the Moon Palace in the Ming Dynasty was crisp in autumn and full of flowers. When we talk about heaven on earth, we don't know whether heaven recalls the world. In the Tang Dynasty, Baijuyishan Temple searched for laurel in the middle of the month, and the county pavilion watched the tide on the pillow. Bai Juyi thought of Wushi Street in the Tang Dynasty, and osmanthus seeds fell one after another. Lotus cries and smells cinnamon under the moon, see you at the top of the slope.