How is the "frozen egg" formed? Why are there frozen eggs on the beaches in Finland?

Do you know how "frozen eggs" are formed? Let's give you a brief explanation!

Recently, a very strange thing happened in Finland. It is said that there are not many frozen eggs on a beach in Finland. So someone has to ask, why are there so many oocytes frozen and preserved? What is this frozen egg? Let's analyze and uncover the secret and see what happened. Interested netizens can take a look together.

What is cryopreservation of oocytes?

In fact, there are many versions of cryopreservation of oocytes. Traditional frozen eggs are actually egg products made of fresh eggs after shelling, pretreatment and freezing. Frozen eggs refer to egg products made by processing and freezing whole eggs, egg whites or yolks with fresh eggs or other poultry eggs. For example: pasteurized frozen eggs, frozen egg yolks and frozen egg whites.

There is also an egg-shaped ice cube, which recently appeared near a beach in Finland, as shown in the following figure:

Mom, this is really like an egg.

How is cryopreservation of oocytes produced?

Experts from the Finnish Meteorological Institute said that although this kind of hockey is unusual and rare, it is not supernatural. There are many factors in the formation of this kind of ice hockey, which need to be combined with various conditions. As long as the conditions of air and water close to freezing state are just right, ice hockey can be formed. The sandy coast is shallow, and ice and seawater fluctuate appropriately, which can also form ice hockey.

But the formation of ice hockey also depends on other conditions, including snowflakes, pebbles on the beach and even small floating objects on the beach. Water near freezing point will freeze on objects. When the appropriate wind blows, with the fluctuation of the sea water, the ice will accumulate thicker and thicker, and eventually form a hockey puck. This is why Finland is so spectacular.

Will oocytes melt after cryopreservation?

It will definitely melt, but it may take longer.

It is understood that this magical phenomenon has attracted a large number of tourists to visit. Tourists drive and take a 30-minute ferry to Roto Island just to see the beautiful scenery. This is an amazing sight. The whole beach is covered with ice hockey. Some tourists also said that they have seen ice hockey on the beach, but they have rarely seen such extensive ice hockey reports.

Nature knows everything and has all kinds of strange phenomena. Some things can't even be explained by the current scientific field. This is the magic of nature.

Why are there so many extreme weather on the earth now?

Extreme weather and climate events have brought great loss of life and property to human beings. Especially in recent years, extreme weather and climate events have become more frequent and intense, which makes scientists very worried. So, what are the reasons for the frequent occurrence of extreme weather and climate events? Scientists believe that this is the result of the combined action of internal and external factors such as rising greenhouse gas concentration, global warming, El Ni? o phenomenon, the dynamic movement of the earth itself, human intervention in nature, changes in solar radiation, and deviation of the earth's orbit.

Scientists also believe that the earth has a natural feedback mechanism to climate change, which can expand or reduce external positive and negative forces to maintain the stability of the earth's climate system. Without such a mechanism, the climate system may go to extremes, either too hot or too cold. However, if the external pressure is too large, it may lead to the collapse of the climate system, so disastrous extreme weather and climate events will occur frequently.

global warming

Glaciation is considered as the most sensitive indicator of climate change. When the climate gets cold, glaciers extend forward; When the climate gets warmer, glaciers will shrink back. Based on the annual glacier melting data, aerial photos and maps, scientists compiled a detailed list of more than 654.38 million glaciers in the world, which proved that the global glaciers are indeed shrinking significantly. Especially since the mid-1980s, glaciers have been melting rapidly. This shows that global warming is an indisputable fact.

According to the forecast of the World Meteorological Organization, the global surface temperature in 20 16 10 and April will be 1.89 and 1.37 respectively. C is higher than the historical average of the same period, both exceeding the highest level 1998. It is the highest level of 1880 in the same period since it was recorded. From June 5438 to July 2007, the national average temperature reached the highest level since June 5438+095 1 year, which was a continuous high temperature year since June 5438+0 1 year. Global warming will not only change the average temperature, but also increase the variability of climate, that is, increase the gap between the highest and lowest values. The increase of average temperature and temperature variability may lead to extreme weather and climate events.

How does global warming affect extreme weather and climate events? This can be seen from two aspects. From the point of view of probability, if the weather in a certain area or place is normally distributed under the average of many years, then the weather is not easy to appear in the maximum and minimum. From the point of view of temperature, if the probability of hot and cold weather is small, then the probability of extreme hot and cold weather is even smaller. Global warming increases the possibility of average temperature and local high temperature weather. Extreme weather is frequent, and extreme weather events such as high temperature and heat waves are more frequent.

According to the principle of meteorology, global warming makes the surface temperature rise, the water surface evaporation increases, the total amount of water vapor evaporated into the atmosphere increases, and the water cycle accelerates. With the increase of atmospheric water content, precipitation will increase in a short time. Extreme precipitation events such as heavy rain, blizzard and local floods occur frequently. Tornadoes, thunderstorms and strong convective weather, such as storms and hail, will also increase in some areas. In addition, the evaporation of plants, soil, lakes and reservoirs is accelerating, and the depletion of water resources is intensifying. Coupled with rising temperatures, some areas will suffer from more frequent, more persistent or more serious droughts.

solar activity

Some studies show that the increase of solar radiation during sunspot activity will also have an impact on global warming. Scientists mainly understand the changes of solar activity in the past few hundred years by observing the changes of sunspots and beryllium isotopes. For the earth's climate system, the sun is the biggest heat source. Solar energy is converted into heat energy on the earth's surface and becomes an inseparable part of the earth's climate. In the short term, the sun also has various changes, including the 1 1 year cycle of sunspot activity. It is considered that the change of solar radiation intensity influenced and triggered the Little Ice Age and coral warming in 1900- 1950. At present, the nature of the periodic change of solar activity is not completely clear.

Earth orbit change

To some extent, the periodic change of the earth's orbit is an extension of the influence of the sun on the earth. Small changes in the earth's orbit will lead to changes in the distribution and quantity of sunlight reaching the earth's surface. The periodic change of the earth's orbit is called Milankovic cycle, which directly affects the increase or decrease of the solar radiation received by the earth, thus leading to the change of the earth's climate system and the retreat of the earth's glaciers. In addition, there are other subtle changes, such as the repeated advance and retreat of the Sahara desert, which correspond to the periodic changes of the earth's orbit.

Holocene glaciers and interglacial cycles are an important example. Although it is still controversial whether the change of the earth's orbit directly affects the retreat of glaciers is directly proportional to the amount of solar radiation reaching the ground, the reflection of sunlight from the ice sheet back into space may actually lead to cooling effect and more ice, which is called albedo feedback effect. Similarly, sea level decline and iceberg expansion may reduce plant growth, and indirectly lead to the reduction of carbon dioxide and methane, thus cooling the climate. On the contrary, higher temperatures and greenhouse gas emissions will lead to less snow, and more sunlight will be absorbed by the dark ground, leading to further retreat of glaciers. No matter what happens, it is worrying that these changes may overload and collapse the earth's climate stability system, thus leading to sudden and catastrophic climate change.

Nino phenomenon

El Nino phenomenon refers to the persistent abnormal high temperature in the eastern and central Pacific Ocean, which leads to frequent extreme weather. The word "El Nino" comes from the seasonal rise of sea water temperature around Christmas in Peru and Ecuador. After March, the warm current disappeared and the water temperature gradually decreased. Locals call this phenomenon "El Nino". Nio means "El Nino" in Spanish, and it has a history of thousands of years.

El Nino phenomenon refers to the abnormal atmospheric circulation caused by the rise of seawater temperature every few years, which seriously affects the global climate anomaly. Under normal circumstances, the warm water in the western Pacific flows from east to west, while the cold water in the deep sea flows along the coast of South America. Every few years, the trade winds will change direction, and so will the warm sea water.

The change of direction from west to east hindered the rise of cold deep seawater, which led to the global climate change related to El Ni? o. Whenever El Ni? o experiences extreme weather events, such as hurricanes, tornadoes, snowstorms, rainstorms and floods, these events will increase in many parts of the world, such as rainfall in the southern United States and Peru, devastating floods and droughts in the western Pacific, and forest fires in Australia and El Salvador. With global warming, El Nino phenomenon becomes more frequent and lasts longer. Scientists generally believe that the occurrence of El Nino phenomenon is closely related to the deterioration of natural environment caused by human activities, which directly leads to the intensification of global greenhouse effect and excessive demand for nature. Humans have not paid attention to protecting the environment.

volcanic activity

Volcanic activity is the movement of matter from the depths of the earth to the surface. This is the process of releasing excess heat and pressure from the interior of the earth. The influence of volcanic activity on the earth's climate cannot be underestimated. Volcanic activity erupts every few centuries, causing the earth's temperature to drop for several years or even longer. Mount Pinatubo erupted in 199 1 year, which is the second largest land volcano in the mid-20th century after the Noilubata volcano erupted in 19 12. It has a great impact on the earth's climate, and the global temperature has dropped by 0.5 degrees Celsius. Large volcanic eruptions occur only a few times every 65438+ 10 billion years, but they can change the climate of the earth within millions of years, leading to mass extinction. Volcanic activity releases carbon dioxide from the earth's interior for a long geological period, which offsets the influence of sedimentary rocks and other geological carbon dioxide absorbents. But scientists estimate that the carbon dioxide produced by human activities is 130 times that of volcanic activities.

Human activities

Human activities will affect the climate of the earth. The greenhouse effect caused by burning fossil fuels and deforestation, the "umbrella effect" caused by the change of atmospheric aerosol concentration, and the change of surface albedo caused by land use and land cover change all affect the climate of the earth.

In all human activities, transportation, industrial production, heating, refrigeration, power generation and so on. Fossil fuel combustion contributes the most to carbon dioxide emissions, accounting for 70-90% of the total emissions from human activities. The remaining carbon dioxide emissions come from land use activities, such as animal husbandry, agriculture, open land and forest degradation.

Before fossil fuels were widely used, the greatest influence of human beings on the earth's climate was the use of land. Agriculture and irrigation, deforestation, river diversion or destruction of animal habitats will bring fundamental changes to the environment. There is evidence that between 700 BC and 700 AD, Greece and other Mediterranean countries cut down a lot of wood used for shipbuilding, construction and fuel, which permanently changed the local forest cover pattern and made the modern climate in this area hot and dry. Similarly, shortly after humans arrived in Australia 40,000 years ago, they permanently changed the landscape of a large area of land. A large area of temperate rain forest was burned down and turned into a pasture for grazing animals that new immigrants like.

A controversial hypothesis holds that the rise of agriculture and the subsequent deforestation and agricultural activities may be the reason for the large increase of carbon dioxide and methane in the earth's atmosphere from 5000 to 8000 years ago.

The hypothesis that human beings cause climate change has been debated for many years, but scientists gradually realize that the rapid change of the earth's climate in the past few decades is closely related to human activities. The focus of sci