Maximum outbreak of Enteromorpha prolifera

Maximum outbreak of Enteromorpha prolifera

Enteromorpha prolifera broke out the most. Recently, the coastal area of Qingdao, Shandong Province was invaded by Enteromorpha prolifera again, which was the fifth consecutive year that the Enteromorpha prolifera disaster affected Qingdao. The mainstream view is that the cause of Enteromorpha prolifera is that the nutrient elements such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the ocean exceed the standard. At present, Qingdao has dispatched more than 7,300 ships and salvaged about 240,000 tons of Enteromorpha.

The largest outbreak of Enteromorpha prolifera 1 Recently, the coastal waters of Qingdao, Shandong Province were invaded by Enteromorpha prolifera again, which was the fifth consecutive year that the Enteromorpha prolifera disaster affected Qingdao. According to the monitoring of Beihai Forecast Center of the Ministry of Natural Resources, at present, the scale of Enteromorpha prolifera disaster in the Yellow Sea has reached the historical maximum. Qingdao has started the "Emergency Disposal of Enteromorpha prolifera Salvage in Coastal Waters" project to ensure that Enteromorpha prolifera does not land and minimize the impact of disasters. At present, Qingdao has dispatched more than 7,300 ships and salvaged about 240,000 tons of Enteromorpha.

Zhang Yongju, deputy detachment leader of Qingdao Marine and Fisheries Administrative Law Enforcement Detachment, said that the coverage area of Enteromorpha prolifera in Qingdao waters this year is nine times that of last year. On June 18, Qingdao issued an orange warning for large-scale marine algae disasters and launched a secondary emergency response. At present, the dense area of Enteromorpha has reached the coastal waters of Qingdao, which is affected by the continuous southeast wind and reciprocating flow, causing great pressure on coastal disposal.

At the centralized disposal point of Enteromorpha prolifera in Badaxia Square in Qingdao, the reporter saw that trucks loaded with Enteromorpha prolifera kept coming here, unloaded Enteromorpha prolifera and piled it in the open space of the square, waiting for the next centralized disposal and utilization. At present, Qingdao uses satellite remote sensing, helicopters, sea cruises, inshore monitoring, Enteromorpha tracker and other means to strengthen monitoring and forecasting, comprehensively judge the information, timely adjust the maritime interception force, optimize the layout of the inshore interception network, and fully implement the interception of Enteromorpha at sea. Zhang Yongju said that Qingdao has set up three lines of defense at sea to minimize the landing rate of Enteromorpha and ensure that Enteromorpha does not land and rot. "I'm afraid there will be big waves and fog. Once this bad weather comes, fishing boats can't move, and Enteromorpha is at risk of approaching the shore. This is our biggest concern. "

Maximum outbreak of Enteromorpha II. Genesis of Enteromorpha prolifera in the Yellow Sea

According to the mainstream view, the cause of Enteromorpha prolifera is that the nutrient elements such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the ocean exceed the standard-eutrophication of seawater is the fundamental reason. Since 1970s, with the rapid development of industry and agriculture in coastal areas, the domestic wastewater discharged by coastal cities is increasing day by day, and the cage culture activities in coastal areas are becoming more and more frequent, which increases the discharge of organic pollutants and leads to the increasingly fat water quality in coastal areas.

According to the data of China Marine Ecological Environment Bulletin, the distribution area of Enteromorpha prolifera green tide in the Yellow Sea in China is kept within 30,000-60,000 square kilometers all the year round, and the maximum coverage area is 200-600 square kilometers. Especially in recent years, the outbreak scale of Enteromorpha has been expanding. For example, the maximum coverage area of 20 19 is 508 square kilometers, and 202 1 has increased to 1700 square kilometers.

Occurrence area of Enteromorpha prolifera in the Yellow Sea

Undoubtedly, the frequent outbreak of Enteromorpha prolifera in the Yellow Sea reflects the increasingly serious eutrophication problem. It should be pointed out that seawater eutrophication is not a problem of the Yellow Sea itself, and the same phenomenon is more prominent in the East China Sea.

Take the survey report in 2020 as an example. Among the four sea areas investigated, the polluted sea area in the East China Sea is 48,000 square kilometers, which is much higher than that in the Yellow Sea (25,000 square kilometers) and Bohai Sea (6,543,800+3,000 square kilometers), accounting for more than half of the total polluted area in China offshore.

General situation of water pollution in China coastal waters

Judging from the degree of water eutrophication, the East China Sea is the most serious, followed by the Yellow Sea. Studies in recent years have also proved that the outbreak of Enteromorpha prolifera can not be entirely attributed to the coastal waters of Shandong, and laver culture in southern Jiangsu is also to blame.

Laver Culture in Jiangsu Province

In Jiangsu offshore, the source of nutrients is not only land-based input and inshore aquaculture, but also an important source: nutrient transport of the South Yellow Sea current. The rising ocean currents along the northern coast of Jiangsu led to the excessive nitrogen and phosphorus in the surface layer of the South Yellow Sea, and the continuous transport of organic matter by the Yangtze River further aggravated the eutrophication in Jiangsu offshore.

The Yangtze River goes straight into the East China Sea.

More and more studies show that Subei Shoal is the "seed bank" for the outbreak of green tide in the north, where Enteromorpha prolifera breeds and fattens. From March to April every year, laver in northern Jiangsu enters the harvest stage. At that time, a large number of Enteromorpha segments will fall off the breeding rafts and seedling ropes, float on the sea surface, and gather in "Fighting in the South", eventually forming tens of thousands of hectares of "sea grassland".

Enteromorpha can also "turn waste into treasure"

As early as 2009, domestic experts analyzed the nutritional components of Enteromorpha prolifera. The results showed that the protein content in the dry matter of Enteromorpha prolifera was as high as 1 1%, the crude fat content was 1.5%, and it also contained 1.5% calcium and 9.58% amino acids. It is worth mentioning that the contents of trace elements such as iron, copper and zinc in Enteromorpha prolifera are obviously higher than those of other algae in the same sea area, which has important biological health care development value.

Enteromorpha prolifera

20 13 The Times of Britain also reported the incident of someone using Enteromorpha prolifera in China. Related articles pointed out that food lovers in China tried to put Enteromorpha into old duck soup and remove the sour taste of Enteromorpha with eggs; Some chefs mix Enteromorpha, flour and eggs to make nutritious and delicious Enteromorpha omelet.

Enteromorpha dinner

Enteromorpha itself is non-toxic to human body and is a kind of green food. However, the crude fiber content of Enteromorpha prolifera is as high as 6.7%, and its taste is rough and fishy, so it is not suitable for direct consumption, and the taste can only be improved by boiling and boiling. Whether new dishes such as Enteromorpha omelet and Enteromorpha nuts can be recognized by the public remains to be further tested by the market and consumers.

In short, eating Enteromorpha prolifera is indeed a good way to solve the problem of Enteromorpha prolifera. In addition, processing Enteromorpha prolifera into breeding feed or biological health care products also has broad development prospects.

20 14 Qingdao officially established a high-value utilization base of Enteromorpha resources, aiming at turning waste into treasure and comprehensively developing Enteromorpha resources. With the help of advanced production equipment, employees can produce more than 0/000 tons of high-purity Enteromorpha polysaccharide/kloc-0, 300 tons of high-end green algae glycopeptide, 20,000 tons of organic water-soluble fertilizer and 0/000 tons of animal immune enhancer every year, creating remarkable social and economic benefits.

Enteromorpha used for processing fertilizer

There are a large number of Enteromorpha prolifera in Qingdao, and there are many occurrences, so there is no need to worry about the supply of raw materials. For example, during the 2008 Olympic Games, Enteromorpha once threatened the Olympic Sailing Base in Qingdao. At that time, the Qingdao Municipal Government organized manpower to salvage more than 654.38+00,000 tons of Enteromorpha, which was quite amazing. Unfortunately, at that time, limited by the development technology, the salvaged Enteromorpha was not fully utilized.

In Qingdao beach, the collected Enteromorpha was sliced.

As of July 3 this year, Qingdao has salvaged 240,000 tons of Enteromorpha. Monitoring information shows that the green tide of Enteromorpha prolifera in Qingdao will last until mid-August this year, covering an area nine times that of last year, and the total amount will exceed 1 10,000 tons. If we can make full use of these Enteromorpha prolifera, we will certainly create more considerable economic benefits.