Who was the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty?

The last of the twelve emperors in the Qing Dynasty, the youngest emperor, and the emperor with the shortest reign when he reached the pole, was the Xuan Tong Emperor Puyi. Empress Dowager Cixi made two decisions on the heirs of Guangxu Emperor Zai Tian and Tongzhi Emperor Zai Chun. First, she made Puxi (jùn) her eldest brother, inherited the Tongzhi emperor and became Emperor Guangxu (Tiā o); Second, Li Puyi inherited the throne, Tongzhi Emperor and Guangxu Emperor. From this, the dramatic historical story of the imperial system of Tongzhi and Guangxu was deduced. Empress Dowager Cixi launched "1898 coup" and imprisoned Emperor Guangxu. Cixi believes that Guangxu entered the palace at the age of 4, and he worked hard to raise an adult, but he was disobedient and engaged in the Reform Movement of 1898. Cixi was very sad and wanted to abolish him. When Emperor Guangxu ascended the throne, there was a saying in Empress Dowager Cixi's palace that Emperor Guangxu Zai Tian would have a son in the future and then adopt him to Emperor Tongzhi Zai Chun. But Guangxu had no children. Who will inherit Tongzhi Tongxu? What did Guangxu do after abolishing the emperor? Cixi chose Zai Feng's son Puyi. Why? The king of Duan Jun is the first. Judging from Puyi's paternal line, Puyi is a descendant of Aisin Gioro. Dipper's great-grandfather was Emperor Jiaqing. The third son of Emperor Jiaqing, Prince Miankai of Dun, had no son, so he adopted the fifth son of Daoguang (Suining) to Miankai. Yi is Puyi's grandfather. Zai Feng, Yi's second son, is Puyi's father. Zai Feng adopted Wang Yi, the fourth son of Emperor Jiaqing and the son of Prince Rui Mianxin, and attacked Baylor. 1October 20th, Empress Dowager Cixi ordered Puyi to succeed to the throne. In the evening, Zai Feng, Prince of Alcohol, returned to the palace with the minister of military aircraft and the jailer, and welcomed Puyi into the palace from Bei Gong, Prince of Alcohol (now the former residence of Soong Ching Ling). In The First Half of Life, Puyi recalled the situation at that time: On the evening of October 20th in the thirty-fourth year of Guangxu (1908), there was a great chaos in the Alcohol Palace. The old Fujin here fainted before hearing the imperial edict brought back by the newly seated Regent. Eunuchs and maids in Wang Fu poured ginger juice and sent it to doctors, so they were very busy. There was the cry of children and the noise of adults. The regent hurried in and out, greeted the minister of military affairs and the accompanying prison for a while, and asked people to dress the children. At this time, he forgot that old Fujin was unconscious; After a while, I was called in to see the old Fujin, forgetting that the minister of military affairs was still waiting to send the future emperor to the palace. There was a lot of noise, but old Fujin woke up and was taken inside to have a rest. The future emperor here is still "resisting the decree", crying and beating, and won't let the inner prison come and hug. The internal staff looked at how the military affairs minister commanded with a wry smile. The military affairs minister waited helplessly for the Regent to discuss ways. The Regent just nodded and could do nothing. -The chaos was ended by the wet nurse. Seeing that I was crying pitifully, the wet nurse took out milk to feed me and stopped my crying. This extraordinary move inspired the helpless lords. The Minister of Military Affairs discussed with my father and decided that the wet nurse would take me to Zhongnanhai, and then put me in prison to see Empress Dowager Cixi. Puyi, the West Sixth Palace in the Forbidden City, was raised by her grandmother Liu Jia from birth until she left the palace at the age of 3. For example, the official of Chunwangfu said that the first child left her biological mother after the full moon and was breastfed by her grandmother, while the second child was breastfed by her biological mother. Therefore, after Pu Yi was born at the full moon, she was raised at the knees of her grandmother Liu Jia. Puyi wrote in her memoirs: "My grandmother loves me very much. According to my wet nurse, my grandmother gets up once or twice every night and comes to see me. She didn't even wear shoes when she came, for fear that the noise of wooden shoes would disturb me, so I grew up to three years old. " Empress Dowager Cixi ordered Puyi to enter the palace, which changed the fate of Puyi's life. Puyi left the palace and entered the palace, and Emperor Guangxu died the next day. Pu Yi, a three-year-old child, kowtowed and wept in front of Guangxu Mausoleum and prayed in front of Cixi's sickbed. Puyi was tortured in an atmosphere of panic, strangeness, coldness and sadness in the face of Guangxu's body and Cixi's dying body. On the third day, Empress Dowager Cixi died. Guangxu's coffin stopped at Gan Qing Palace, and Cixi's coffin stopped at the Forbidden City. Two funerals and sacrifices, one sadness. On the ninth day of November, the ceremony of Puyi Deng Ji was held in the Hall of Supreme Harmony. Puyi recalled in "My First Half Life": I was tortured by them for a long time, and the weather was extremely cold that day, so when they carried me to the Hall of Supreme Harmony and put me on a high and big throne, it was beyond my endurance. My father knelt on one knee under the throne and held me in his hands, but I struggled to cry: "I don't want to be here, I want to go home!" " I'm not staying here, I want to go home! "My father was full head big sweat. The three kneeling and nine knocking of civil and military officials are endless, and my crying is getting louder and louder. My father had to coax me into saying, "don't cry, don't cry, it's almost over, it's almost over!" ""After the ceremony, the officials of civil and military affairs secretly discussed: "How can you say' it's almost over'?" "What do you mean by' going home'?" The ministers talked in succession and became dejected and despondent, thinking that this was an ominous sign for the Qing Dynasty. Puyi, emperor of Xuan Tong, had "three fathers and seven mothers" in and out of the palace. "Three ancestors": one is the biological father, Prince Zai Feng, the other is the Emperor Tongzhi (adopted as an adopted son by Tongzhi) and the other is Emperor Guangxu (adopted as an adopted son by Guangxu). There are also "seven mothers": the first is the biological mother Guaerjia, the second is the co-mother Deng Jiashi, the third is Princess Hesailihara Zhao, the fourth is Princess Arute Zhao, the fifth is Princess Xilinjue Roche Zhao, the sixth is the leaf of Guangxu, and the seventh is Princess Tata Zhao of Guangxu. After entering the palace, Puyi left her biological mother and was raised by Empress Jade Dragon (Guangxu). Actually, Wang Jiao, a nurse, is taking care of Puyi and has been feeding her. Xuan Tong grew up with many mothers, but she had no maternal love. Xuantong has only three years from succession to abdication. His age, from 3 to 6, is still a child. I started studying in Yuqing Palace at the age of 6, and kept a diary at the age of 9. The government affairs of the imperial court were presided over by Regent Zai Feng and Empress Yulong. In the past three years, many important events have taken place inside and outside the imperial court. Among them, the most important event that affected Xuan Tong's life was the Revolution of 1911. The Qing Dynasty failed again and again after the Opium War, the Second Opium War, the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, the Russo-Japanese War, the invasion of Beijing by British and French allied forces and Eight-Nation Alliance. Treaty of nanking, Tianjin Treaty, Beijing Treaty, Aihui Treaty, treaty of shimonoseki Treaty, Xin Chou Treaty, humiliation again and again-Knowing Public Opinion. People hate the monarch, hope for harmony, hate the monarch and long for democracy. Sun Yat-sen launched the Revolution of 1911, which conformed to the historical trend and met the people's demands. "It is close to comforting people's desire for domestic chaos, far from helping the ancient world serve the public." In the 31st year of Guangxu (1905), the China League was established in Tokyo, Japan, and Dr. Sun Yat-sen was elected as the Prime Minister. The program was "expelling the Tatars, restoring China, establishing the Republic of China, and sharing land rights equally". In July of the thirty-second year of Guangxu (1906), the Qing court issued a decree announcing "imitation of constitutionalism". First, ministers called for constitutionalism, but the Qing court issued an order that "power lies in the court" and "people's wisdom cannot be opened", which was limited to several years later. In April of Guangxu thirty-three years (1907), the League organized mass uprisings in Huanggang, Guangdong (now Raoping), Anqing, Anhui and Shaoxing, Zhejiang, all of which failed. In the second year of Xuantong (19 10), the League launched the Guangdong New Army Uprising and failed. In the third year of Xuantong (19 1 1), on August 19th, the League organized the Wuchang New Army Uprising. The Uprising Army established the Hubei Military Government, with Li as the Commander-in-Chief, and abolished the title. Subsequently, Hunan and other 13 provinces responded one after another, declaring independence, and the Qing government quickly disintegrated. Soon, representatives from all provinces met in Nanjing, elected Sun Yat-sen as interim president, and decided to change the solar calendar era. This year is 19 1 1 year, which is called the Xinhai Revolution.