Why does the Red Army want the Long March?

What is the real reason for the Red Army's Long March? Why did the Red Army choose such a difficult road for the Long March? The following understanding Bian Xiao shared the reasons for the Red Army's Long March. I hope you like it.

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The real reason for the red army's long March

Red Army Long March Line

Ten Historical Events of the Red Army's Long March

The real reason for the Red Army's Long March: After the failure of the 1927 Great Revolution, the China * * Production Party held high the revolutionary banner, gradually explored the revolutionary road of encircling cities from rural areas and seizing political power by armed forces, established the Red Army and revolutionary base areas in many parts of the country, and the armed struggle and agrarian revolution flourished. From the end of 1930, the Kuomintang troops launched a large-scale military "encirclement and suppression" against the central revolutionary base areas and other revolutionary base areas in an attempt to destroy the revolutionary forces. China * * * leader of the production party.

The Red Army waged a heroic struggle against "encirclement and suppression".

193 1 Since September, Japanese imperialism has occupied three northeastern provinces in China, and the Chinese nation is facing a serious crisis. China's * * * production party attaches great importance to the national justice, sends a call for armed resistance to Japanese aggression to the whole country, and expresses its willingness to "fight against Japan together with other armed forces". However, the Kuomintang government adhered to the policy of "making peace with foreign countries first" and repeatedly compromised and gave in to the Japanese aggressors' attacks. At the same time, a large number of troops were mobilized to continue large-scale military "encirclement and suppression" of the Red Army and various revolutionary base areas.

Under the command of Mao Zedong, Zhu De, Zhou Enlai and Mao Zedong's military strategic thoughts, the Central Red Army won four major victories in the struggle against "encirclement and suppression". 1September 1933, the Kuomintang authorities launched the fifth "encirclement and suppression" campaign against the central revolutionary base area with 500,000 troops. Due to the wrong leadership of "Left" dogmatism within the Party and the wrong command of international military adviser Li De, the Central Revolutionary Base lost its fifth counter-campaign against "encirclement and suppression" 1934+00 in mid-June. The CPC Central Committee and the Central Red Army were forced to withdraw from the central revolutionary base area, implement strategic shift, and realize the purpose of going north to resist Japan.

Following the Central Red Army, in June 1934 1 1, the Red 25th Army was ordered to move to Hubei, Henan and Anhui to establish a new base area. 1In March, 935, in order to develop towards the border of Sichuan and Gansu, the Red Fourth Front Army launched a campaign to cross the Jialing River in cooperation with the operations of the Central Red Army in Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan. After crushing the enemy's "encirclement and suppression", the Red Second Army Corps and the Red Sixth Army Corps voluntarily withdrew from the revolutionary base areas of Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan and Guizhou in June1935+065438+1October to implement strategic shift.

The direct purpose of the Red Army's Long March is to break through the encirclement of the Kuomintang army and preserve its effective strength. The strategic direction and ultimate goal of the Long March is to enter the anti-Japanese front northward and resist Japanese imperialist aggression against China.

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Route of the Red Army's Long March: The Central Red Army's Long March passes through *** 1 1 province.

The total mileage of the Red Army's Long March is about 25,000 Li. Among them, the Red Army went from 1934 10 10 month 17 to 19 month19, which lasted for 12 months and 2 days. The Red Second Army continued from 1935165438+1October19 to19365438+1October 22nd, passing through Hunan, Guizhou, Yunnan and Xikang. The Red Fourth Front Army lasted from May 1935 to 1936 101October 9, passing through Sichuan, Xikang, Qinghai and Gansu provinces, with a journey of more than 8,000 miles. From 1934, 1 16 years 10 to 1935 September, the Red 25th Army lasted 10 months, passing through Henan, Hubei, Gansu and Shaanxi provinces, and its journey was near Wan Li.

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One of the Ten Historical Events of the Red Army's Long March: the Battle of Xiangjiang River

This was the most disastrous battle in the Red Army's Long March.

Chiang Kai-shek set up the fourth blockade by virtue of the natural barrier of Xiangjiang River. A total of more than 300,000 Kuomintang troops in 25 divisions laid a dead line on both sides of Xiangjiang River between Yuechengling and Dupangling in northern Guangxi, waiting for the Central Red Army to break through three blockade lines for more than a month.

1934165438+1On October 27th, the Red Army vanguard troops broke through the first line of defense in Xiangjiang River and started a bloody battle in Xiangjiang River.

By 65438+February 1, the Central Red Army had fought hard for five days and nights, and finally crossed the Xiangjiang River, crushing Chiang Kai-shek's attempt to panic in the east of the Xiangjiang River. However, the 34th Division of the Red 5 Corps and the Red 3 Corps 18 Corps were blocked by the enemy, and most of the officers and men were killed. After the battle of hellip& amphellip, the number of the Central Red Army dropped sharply from 86,000 at the beginning to more than 30,000.

The Second Historical Event: Zunyi Conference

After the bloody battle in Xiangjiang River, with the efforts of Mao Zedong, Zhang Wentian and Wang Jiaxiang, the Central Red Army finally gave up the plan to meet the Red Second and Sixth Army Corps in Xiangxi and turned to Guizhou, where the enemy's strength was weak.

193565438+1October 15 to 17, on the second floor of Huizhang Bo Mansion, the Central Committee held an enlarged meeting of the Political Bureau and adopted four decisions, including the appointment of Mao Zedong as members of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee. After the meeting, a "three-person military command group" composed of Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and Wang Jiaxiang was established to command the Red Army's military operations in a unified way, which actually established Mao Zedong's core position.

This is the first time that the China * * * Production Party has independently solved the major issues of the China Revolution since it was founded 14 years ago.

The Third Historical Event: Sidu Chishui

Thirty thousand: four hundred thousand. The strength contrast between the Red Army and the Kuomintang army in Chishui River Basin reached the highest level since the Long March.

In the midst of many difficulties, Mao Zedong led the Central Red Army to stage a wonderful scene in the history of our army: crossing Chishui, crossing the Yangtze River in the north, but returning to northern Guizhou; Second crossing Chishui, the Red Army returned to the east, using the enemy's illusion that the Red Army was going to cross the Yangtze River in the north. Within five days, take Tongzi, seize Loushanguan and reoccupy Zunyi City; Chishui, the capital of Sandu, then re-entered southern Sichuan. By the time Chiang Kai-shek mobilized heavy troops to southern Sichuan, the Red Army had already passed the enemy pass. When Chiang Kai-shek, who was in Guiyang, rushed the Yunnan army into Guizhou, the Red Army entered Yunnan again. hellip& amphellip

In the Battle of Sidu Chishui on 100, Mao Zedong's military command art reached a superb level. 1960, when visiting Montgomery, a world war ii star, who praised the three major battles of the liberation war commanded by Mao Zedong, Mao Zedong said that Sidu Chishui was his masterpiece.

The fourth historical event: crossing the Jinsha River skillfully

1April 6, 935, the Central Red Army pushed Guiyang, and Chiang Kai-shek, who was in charge of Guiyang, urgently transferred the Yunnan army into Guizhou. Just as the Sun Du column in Yunnan rushed into Guizhou to rescue the driver, the Red Army went in the opposite direction and marched into Yunnan.

Kunming was in an emergency, and Chiang Kai-shek withdrew three regiments from the Jinsha River defense line. Jinsha River in northwest Yunnan has become an almost undefended zone. On April 29th, the Red Army feinted around Kunming, divided into three roads and headed for Jinsha River.

On May 3rd, the Red Army captured Jiaopingdu and successfully crossed the river with seven small wooden boats and 36 local boatmen of all ethnic groups, jumping out of the encirclement of hundreds of thousands of enemy troops.

The fifth historical event: crossing the Dadu River and flying over Luding Bridge.

1From May 25th to 29th, 935, the Central Red Army staged the most wonderful classic battles on the Long March twice: crossing the Dadu River and flying over the Luding Bridge.

On the night of May 24th, the Red Army vanguard 1 regiment suddenly appeared at Anshun Ferry of Dadu River and seized the 1 wooden boat. At 9 o'clock the next morning, the battalion commander Sun Jixian led 17 soldiers to make a miraculous leap.

But there are few urgent boats, so the Red Army can't cross the river quickly.

Luding Bridge, 320 miles north of Anshunchang, became the only passage.

The 4th Regiment of Red Second Division arrived at Luding Bridge at 6 o'clock on May 29th.

At this moment, only 13 iron cable is left on Luding Bridge. 16: 00 sharp, a commando team composed of 22 people, including company commander Liao Dazhu, rushed to the other side on the rickety chain, and one player fell down, but the one behind still bravely advanced &; Hellip & hellip19, Red 4 Regiment defeated Sichuan Army and occupied Luding City in one fell swoop.

The Sixth Historical Event: Breaking through Lazikou

Lazikou, the last natural barrier crossed by the Long March of the Central Red Army, is surrounded by mountains and the gorge road is only 8 meters wide. The Lazi River rushes out of the canyon, and only a wooden bridge with a width of 1 m can pass. Behind the mountain, three enemy regiments deployed in depth in an attempt to block the Red Army's northward route.

1935 On the afternoon of September 16, the Red Army Pioneer Red 4 Regiment launched a charge against the natural barrier. The troops could not be deployed because of the narrow throat. From afternoon to midnight, I failed to charge for more than a dozen times in a row.

At the critical moment, a Miao warrior nicknamed "Yunguichuan" volunteered to be the first to climb the cliff and quietly came behind the enemy with a commando team & hellip& amphellip.

At dawn, the red flag was inserted in Lazikou, and the passage to the north was opened.

The Seventh Historical Event: the Victory of Zhiluo Town

19351June19, the Central Red Army arrived in Wuqi, northern Shaanxi. Chiang Kai-shek tried to destroy the Central Red Army, the Northern Shaanxi Red Army and the Red 25 Army, which had arrived earlier, with three times the strength of the Red Army.

How to gain a foothold? After careful analysis, the CPC Central Committee and Mao Zedong decided to lay a pocket array in Zhiluo Town, 45 kilometers northwest of Fuxian County in northern Shaanxi.

1935165438+1On October 20th, the vanguard of the Kuomintang Northeast Army 109 Division entered Zhiluo Town under the cover of aircraft. At the same time, 106 division and11division also entered the northwest of Zhiluo town.

2 1 dawn, the battle started. The Red 1 Corps attacked from the north, northwest and northeast, and the Red 15 Corps attacked from the south, southwest and southeast. On the morning of 24th, the Red Army annihilated one division after another, and killed Niu Yuanfeng, the division commander of 109, completely smashing the third "encirclement and suppression" of the Kuomintang army against the northwest Soviet area, laying the foundation for the CPC Central Committee to put the China revolutionary base camp in the northwest.

The Eighth Historical Event: Dushu Town in a bloody battle

1934165438+1On October 26th, after the solo expedition 10, the Red 25 Army with less than 3,000 troops was suddenly and violently attacked by more than 4,000 Kuomintang infantry and cavalry in Dushu Town, Fangcheng, Henan Province.

At that time, it was stormy, the visibility was extremely low, and the Red Army soldiers with thin clothes and frozen hands and feet suddenly became passive. Most soldiers can't start their guns-the cold weather has frozen the bolts.

At the critical moment, Wu Huanxian, the political commissar of the army, took the lead, carrying a broadsword &; Hellip& amphellip It was not until Xu Haidong, the deputy division commander, led the rear echelon to run that the formidable enemy was repelled.

The Ninth Historical Event: Guild Wars in Jialing River

At the beginning of 1935, in order to develop towards the border of Sichuan and Gansu, and cooperate with the Central Red Army's operations in Yunguichuan, the Red Fourth Front Army launched the campaign of crossing the Jialing River.

On the evening of March 28th, the 30th Army, as the main force crossing the river, crossed the main ferry in Tashanwan, Cangxi County, Sichuan Province, tearing open the west coast defense line of Sichuan warlords. At the same time, the 3 1 Army and the 9 th Army also cut into the west bank of Jialing River at Yuanxikou and Langzhong North Ferry respectively.

In the 24-day battle to cross the river, the Red Fourth Front Army controlled a vast area from Jialing River in the east, Beichuan in the west, Zitong in the south and the border between Sichuan and Gansu in the north, and wiped out more than 65,438+10,000 people.

The Tenth Historical Event: Moving to Wumeng Mountain

1935 1 19 10. In October, nearly17,000 people from the Red Second and Sixth Army Corps set off from Sangzhi, Liu Jiaping and other places in Hunan Province to start the Long March.

1In late February, 936, the Red Second and Sixth Army Corps moved to Anshun. Because the enemy had laid heavy troops ahead, they moved to the northern foot of Wumeng Mountain.

From March 2 to 29, the Red Army Corps and the Sixth Army Corps made a detour of thousands of miles in Weining, Zhenxiong, Zhaotong and Wumeng Mountain in Yiliang, and launched a circuitous war with the enemy 10 times their own, and dealt a heavy blow to the besieged enemy in the battles of crossing the river with the Israeli army and getting to Zhangba.

After that, the Red Second and Sixth Army Corps quickly moved to Yunnan and successfully crossed the river in late April.

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