The earth is usually divided into several climatic zones.

First of all, let's talk about the causes of climate formation:

The influencing factors of climate cause are latitude, land and sea position, pressure zone, wind zone and air mass, ocean current and topography.

(1) Latitude determines the hot zone.

(2) The difference of wind direction and ocean current on the east and west sides of the land and sea mainly affects precipitation-inland and coastal continents are different from the ocean-mainly affects precipitation.

(3) pressure zone, wind zone and air mass

(1) pressure belt equatorial low pressure belt-prevailing updraft, rain-prone, rainy weather, bitter cold subtropical high pressure belt-prevailing downdraft, sunny and dry weather, subtropical low pressure belt-prevailing updraft, rain-prone, rainy weather.

(2) The nature of the wind belt is trade wind-generally warm and dry, but if it blows from the ocean to the land, it becomes a warm and humid westerly wind-warm and cool and humid, bringing rainy weather with small temperature difference-polar easterly wind-cold and dry.

③ Air mass: Ocean air mass, continental air mass and specific air mass have different impacts on climate.

(4) Warm current of ocean current-cold current of increasing temperature and humidifying-cooling and dehumidifying.

(5) Topography: topographic outline, mountain trend, topographic height, etc. Have a certain impact on the climate.

There seem to be 9 climate types in the world, including 4 tropical climates, 2 subtropical climates and 3 temperate climates.

Tropical:

tropical rainforest climate

Cause of formation: controlled by equatorial low pressure belt all the year round.

Climate characteristics: high temperature and rainy all year round.

Distribution law: between north and south latitudes 10.

Tropical savanna climate

Formation reason: controlled alternately by equatorial low pressure area and trade wind area.

Climate characteristics: high temperature all year round, divided into obvious dry and wet seasons.

Distribution law: between latitude 10 and the tropic of cancer.

Tropical monsoon climate

Causes: seasonal movement of wind belt in pressure area and difference of thermal properties between land and sea.

Climate characteristics: high temperature throughout the year, with clear dry season and rainy season.

Distribution law: the east coast of the mainland between north latitude 10 and the tropic of cancer.

tropical desert climate

Cause of formation: it is controlled by subtropical high pressure area and trade wind area all the year round.

Climate characteristics: high temperature and little rain all year round.

Distribution: Tropic of Cancer-the continent and west coast between 30 north and south latitudes.

Subtropical region

Subtropical monsoon climate and monsoon humid climate

Reason: the difference of thermal properties between land and sea.

Climate characteristics: hot and rainy in summer and mild and rainy in winter.

Distribution law: East coast of the mainland between 25 north latitude and 35 south latitude.

mediterranean climate

Cause of formation: It is controlled alternately by subtropical high belt and westerly belt.

Climate characteristics: hot and dry in summer,

Winter is mild and rainy.

Distribution law: the west coast of the mainland between 30 and 40 degrees north latitude.

temperate zone

Temperate maritime climate

Cause: It is controlled by westerly belt all the year round.

Climate characteristics: mild and rainy all year round.

Distribution law: the west coast of the mainland between 40 degrees north latitude and 60 degrees south latitude.

Mid-latitude monsoon climate

Reason: the difference of thermal properties between land and sea.

Climate characteristics: hot and rainy in summer, cold and dry in winter.

Distribution law: the east coast of the mainland between 35 and 55 N.

Temperate continental climate

Cause of formation: living in the depths of the mainland and influenced by the continental air mass.

Climate characteristics: it is cold in winter, hot in summer, and dry and rainy all year round.

Distribution law: within the continent between 30 and 60 degrees north and south latitude.

That's it in short. But some people say that the global climate types can be divided into 16.