What scientific knowledge and technology do you need for weather forecasting?

Most of the current weather forecasts are numerical forecast products, that is, according to a certain model, the situation after tomorrow can be calculated from the weather conditions of today or even a few days ago. Of course, only the weather map is obtained, and then the weather forecast is given by meteorological professionals in combination with the weather map and the weather conditions of the day. There are many technologies that need to be used, such as remote sensing and data inversion. It is almost impossible for a weather forecaster to know the correlation between air pressure and temperature and the possible weather conditions under various configurations. The elements in the sky sometimes change very quickly, such as thunderstorms in summer. The time scale of the whole process is very small and often local. The analysis data obtained by meteorological satellites in the whole city is only a point, but the weather conditions in different areas of a city are likely to be different.