1980 What was the flood like in China?

Flood 65438+1 June-August, 1980, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China were hit by heavy rain. The affected farmland in Hunan, Anhui, Jiangsu, Henan and other provinces in China reached 8 million mu, 800,000 houses collapsed and nearly110,000 people died.

1from the first ten days of June to the beginning of June, 980, after typhoon No.9403 landed, it was affected by static front, high-altitude trough, low-altitude shear line and vortex, and there was continuous heavy rain to heavy rain, heavy rain or extremely heavy rain in some areas. The process precipitation was generally 200-400 mm, and the local area was 400-700 mm. Among them, the precipitation in half of the Beijiang River Basin exceeds 400 mm; Xijiang River basin covers an area of 6,543.8+0.7 million square kilometers, with precipitation exceeding 400 mm and an area of 5-600 mm of 0.3 million square kilometers.

Xijiang, Beijiang and Xiangjiang rivers have experienced the biggest floods since the founding of the People's Republic of China due to the large rainfall intensity, long duration and wide range. The second largest flood occurred in Ganjiang River since the founding of the People's Republic of China; The water levels of Qiantang River and Minjiang River also exceeded the warning water level; Serious floods occurred in parts of Guangxi, Guangdong, Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Fujian and other provinces.

Heavy rain or torrential rain continued from June 1 1 to June 17 in northern and central Guangxi. The rainfall in 54 counties and cities in the whole region reached more than 100 mm. The rainstorm center was in Xing 'an area, and the measured maximum rainfall was 9 13 mm. Another rainstorm center is at Rongshuigou Beach Station, with a rainfall of 844 mm 12 ~ 16. Due to the confluence of tributaries such as Gui Jiang and Liujiang River, the highest flood peak water level at Wuzhou Station of Xijiang River is 25.9 1 m, which is equivalent to a once-in-a-lifetime flood in 70-80 years, and it is an extraordinary flood since 19 15. There are 70 counties and cities, 730 towns and villages in the whole region, with 6.5438+0048 million people affected, more than 230,000 people trapped by floods, 6.5438+04/kloc-0 people killed, 439 people were injured, 76,000 houses collapsed, 6.5438+056 million houses were damaged and 6.5438+040 million houses were damaged.

On June 1 1-20, most areas in Guangdong were hit by heavy rain, and the rainfall in Qingyuan County reached 206.2 mm on June 17. The rainstorm center is in the area from Lianxian to Yangshan in the upper reaches of Lianjiang River, and the measured maximum rainfall is 78 1 mm (8- 17 days). Heavy rain caused the water levels of rivers to skyrocket, and the highest flood peak water level at Shaoguan Station in Beijiang River was 57.25438+0m, which was the biggest flood since 195438+05. The peak water level of Hengshi Station is 23.93 meters, which is 0.37 meters higher than the highest water level measured in history. Qingyuan and Shijiao stations have the highest water levels since liberation respectively. Because the flood peaks of Xijiang River and Beijiang River reach Sixian County almost at the same time, coupled with the poor drainage of downstream rivers and rising tide, the water level in the outer waters of the Pearl River Delta rises rapidly, and the water level in the outer waters is higher than that in the inner waters by more than 1 meter. The accumulated water in the peripheral waters can not be discharged in time, and serious waterlogging has caused huge economic losses to the counties and cities in the delta. According to statistics, there are 5 1 county and 496 townships in China, 1 1.4 million people were affected, 220 people were killed, 4,425 people were injured, 250,000 houses collapsed, 820,000 houses were damaged, and 1.57 million people were once trapped by floods, 72.

On June 1 1- 18, heavy rain fell in the upper reaches of Yuanshui River and Xiangjiang River Basin in Hunan Province, and heavy rain fell in some areas. The rain area is mainly concentrated in the Xiangjiang River Basin, with daily rainfall of 200. 1mm in Linwu, and total rainfall of 548mm in Jianghuama for five days. Xiangjiang River has experienced the biggest flood since the founding of the People's Republic of China. According to statistics, there are 10 cities, 63 counties and cities, 124 1 towns,18.38 million people are affected,13.27 million people are trapped by floods, 150 towns are flooded, and/kloc-0 is flooded.

From June 8 to 23, there was continuous heavy rainfall in most areas of Jiangxi Province, with a rainstorm of 2 15 and a rainstorm of 46. The rainfall in most areas exceeds 300 mm, and the rainfall in 20 counties and cities exceeds 500 mm, which causes the water level of rivers and lakes to skyrocket, and 20 large reservoirs in the province 17 have opened floodgates to discharge floods; The Ganjiang River, Xinjiang River, Hexiu River, Yangtze River and Le 'an River successively exceeded the warning water level, among which the Nanchang section of Ganjiang River exceeded the warning water level1.68m, the highest water level ever recorded. In 79 provinces and cities, 1. 3 million towns and villages, 1. 0 million people were affected, 66 people were killed, 990 people were injured, 65,000 houses collapsed, 280,000 houses were damaged, 9 million mu of crops were affected, and 1. 0 million industrial and mining enterprises stopped production, resulting in direct economic losses of more than 4 billion yuan.

Affected by rainstorm, 59 counties and cities, more than 900 towns and villages in Zhejiang Province, with more than 7 million people, 1.200 villages and 800,000 people were once besieged by floods, and 270,000 victims were relocated urgently, 68 people died, 57 people were seriously injured, more than 30,000 houses collapsed, more than 90,000 houses were damaged, and 6 million mu of crops were affected, resulting in direct economic losses.

On June1March-22, persistent rainstorm occurred in most parts of Fujian. Four million people in 45 counties (cities) and 502 townships were affected, 390,000 people were trapped by floods, 80 people were killed, 1990 people were injured, 9 people were missing,180,000 houses collapsed and 40,000 houses were damaged.

China is a country suffering from drought and flood. Due to the vast territory and the seasonal and interannual changes of monsoon climate, the dynamic changes of precipitation in various parts of China are great. The imbalance of precipitation in time and space often occurs after waterlogging or drought and flood in the same area, or in the same period, one area is rainy and waterlogged, while another area is dry and rainy.

1980 in the summer, the rainstorm and flood in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China were caused by a large amount of precipitation. As early as 193 1 year, Professor Zhu Kezhen, then director of the Institute of Meteorology, China Academy of Sciences, first put forward the hypothesis that floods are related to sunspot activities after analyzing the changes of meteorological conditions in East Asia in detail, thus revealing the subtle relationship between the sun and the earth with a period of about 22 years.

In fact, droughts and floods are often caused by climate anomalies, and the fundamental cause of climate anomalies is solar activity. Generally speaking, a year with active sunspots is often a year with frequent droughts and floods. Therefore, in the Yangtze River and Yellow River basins where droughts and floods frequently occur in China, preparations for disaster prevention and mitigation should be made in advance in the year when sunspots are active.