Where does Ordos fine-wool sheep come from?

Ordos fine-wool sheep is a geographical indication product of agricultural products.

Ordos fine wool sheep

Ordos fine-wool sheep is a new breed bred by compound hybridization. The paternal lines are mainly Xinjiang fine-wool sheep, Boerwas sheep and Merino sheep, while the maternal lines are local Mongolian sheep and all kinds of 0 sheep. Through the selection and utilization of hybrid parents, on the basis of hybridization experiment, through gradual self-crossing and systematic breeding, the breeding index of this variety has been achieved, and at the same time, the breeding technical measures such as improving scientific feeding management conditions and disease prevention and control have been strengthened. It is characterized by fine wool, long fiber, large bending and high net wool rate, and the comprehensive quality of wool has basically reached the level of similar "Australian wool". Compared with domestic similar products, it is in a leading position.

territorial scope

Wushen Banner is located in the southwest of Ordos City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, east longitude10817'-141',north latitude 37 38'-39 23', bordering Ejinhoro Banner in the east and Jinhang Banner in the north, and Etuoke Banner and Jinhang Banner in the west. Wushenqi is the main producing area of Ordos fine-wool sheep, mainly distributed in six Sumu towns (Galutu Town, Wushenzhao Town, Tuke Town, Wulan Tolgoi Town, Wudinghe Town and Sulide Sumu Town), with a total production area of 1 1645 square kilometers. The annual stock is 6.5438+0.3 million, and the annual slaughter is 400,000.

Natural ecological environment and human and historical factors

(1) Soil landform: Wushenqi is located in a depression which transits from the southwest of Ordos Plateau to the Loess Plateau. It is the hinterland of Mu Us Desert, and its landform is mainly desert and grass beach. Soil types are mainly aeolian sandy soil and meadow chestnut soil, with good soil quality and containing trace elements and amino acids suitable for pasture growth.

(2) Hydrological situation: Wuding River, the second tributary of the Yellow River, flows through the whole territory of Wushenqi, with a drainage area of 2,060 square kilometers and an average annual flow of 50,000 cubic meters. Reservoir capacity of 9350 cubic meters, other seasonal rivers

There are Nalin River, Hailiutu River and Baihe River. , total runoff183.27 million cubic meters. There are more than 70 lakes in China, and the larger one has 16. Farmland and pasture are mainly irrigated by groundwater resources.

(3) Climate: Wushenqi is located at the edge of the southern monsoon region of the north temperate zone, which belongs to the temperate extreme continental climate and is greatly influenced by the Mongolian high. The cold air in northwest China is controlled for a long time, with less precipitation and more drought.

Strong wind, strong evaporation, abundant sunshine and short frost-free period. The average frost-free period is 140- 150 days, the annual average temperature is 7. 1℃, and the annual average precipitation is 355. 1 mm.

(4) Human and historical situation: Wushenqi is a minority area, with Mongolian as the main ethnic group and Han as the majority. It has a profound national historical and cultural heritage and is one of the birthplaces of the revolutionary movement "Duguilong" in China. Ordos fine-wool sheep in Wushenqi is cultivated on the basis of Mongolian sheep with a long history of more than 50 years.

Production technical requirements

(1) Origin selection and special content regulations: Wushen Banner has unique natural conditions such as climate, topography, landforms and forage resources, and is suitable for breeding cold-tolerant, extensive-tolerant and suitable for grazing. Ordos fine-wool sheep has the characteristics of strong adaptability to the environment, good stress resistance, tolerance to extensive feeding and management, drought resistance and rapid rejuvenation, and has strong adaptability to grazing in sandy and semi-sandy grassland in Wushen Banner. Ordos fine-wool sheep is a dual-purpose breed of wool, meat and skin. Because of its unique geographical environment and its own performance, in the production process, while implementing the national immunization policy, routine vaccination is carried out at the right time, and other antibacterial drugs and additives are no longer used except for deworming in early spring and medicated bath in summer and autumn.

(2) Variety selection and specific requirements: the selection of Erdos fine-wool sheep breeds should first improve wool yield and wool quality, and wool quality is mainly fineness and net wool rate. Secondly, the reproductive ability is related to the anti-stress ability, health and meat production of animals. According to the local natural environmental conditions and the characteristics of breed formation, Ordos fine-wool sheep was bred mainly with local Mongolian sheep as female parent, Soviet Merino sheep, Xinjiang fine-wool sheep and Bolvas sheep as male parents, and the blood of Australian and American sheep was introduced. The bred fine-wool sheep has strong physique, symmetrical structure, high density, good abdominal hair growth and cluster structure.

(3) production management:

(1) The sheephouse should be built in a place where the leeward is sunny, the terrain is dry, the environment is pollution-free, the surrounding environment cannot be affected, and the water source is convenient.

⑵ Raising Erdos fine-wool sheep requires regular epidemic prevention, medicinal bath to repel insects, and quarantine breeding sheep every year.

(3) Breeding sheep houses, lambing houses and lamb breeding houses should be disinfected regularly to eliminate the source of infection.

(4) According to the size of the flock, set enough fences and movable feeding troughs or forage racks to prevent the flock from being crowded and eating unevenly. The range of lambs' activities is 1.4m2-2.0m2, and high-yield ewes can be increased by 10%-20%, and each sheep in the playground is 4.0m2-6.0m2.

5] Reasonable grouping, grouping according to age, sex, single lamb, twin lamb and lactation physical strength.

[6] Make a good plan for feed and forage to ensure that there is enough feed and forage all year round.

(7) A variety of feeds should be reasonably matched, and the diet should be matched according to the nutritional needs of different physiological stages.

⑻: If there are any changes in feeding methods in different seasons, the type of diet should be gradually changed or the ingredients should be gradually increased or decreased.

Pet-name ruby according to grazing conditions for supplementary feeding or house feeding, supplementary feeding to feed less frequently, first coarse and then fine.

⑽ Feed processing and modulation, coarse materials are chopped or crushed, and coarse and fine materials should be reasonably matched.

⑾ Feeding mode: grazing in late spring and early summer, with appropriate supplementary feeding; In late autumn, winter and spring, the sheep are fenced and provided with sports grounds for proper activities. According to the nutrition standard, different compound diets are provided for different types of sheep.

⑿ Fine-wool sheep breeding grounds should have clean water sources to ensure sufficient drinking water for supplementary feeding or house feeding.

(4) Provisions on product harvesting, slaughter and postpartum treatment: The main products of Ordos fine-wool sheep are wool, mutton and leather. Wool is usually collected by shearing live sheep. When the weather is warm in spring, it is cut off from the sheep with scissors, that is, it becomes raw wool with impurities. The packing of wool is classified, which is convenient for transportation and storage, and the quality is not affected. The packaging bag is made of ventilated, breathable and moisture-proof materials. Wool must be stored in a dry, ventilated and pollution-free warehouse, and an appropriate amount of insect repellent should be placed at the stacking place. The means of transport for wool must be clean and anticorrosive, and the packaging should be prevented from being damaged. Slaughtered sheep should be skinned, their heads, hooves, internal organs (including kidneys), sheep oil, large blood vessels, adrenal glands and diseased lymph nodes, and their meat should be trimmed neatly and washed, so that there is no diseased tissue, snow spots, residual small pieces of skin, floating hair, feces and blood clots. Qualified mutton shall be packed in different grades, products packed with film shall be packed in cartons, and the packaged products shall be cooled to below 5℃. The packaged meat products are quickly frozen at -35℃ and then transferred to-18℃ cold storage.

(5) Production record: It is an important production link to record the number of Erdos fine-wool sheep in breeding and production. Numbering is beneficial to identify the pedigree inheritance, growth and development, production performance and so on of fine-wool sheep. Detailed numbering records not only help farmers to select the best and eliminate the bad in time, but also provide reliable scientific basis for aquaculture technicians.

Typical product quality characteristics and product quality and safety regulations

The wool of Ordos fine wool sheep has uniform fineness, obvious normal bending, moderate oil sweat and white color.

The length of adult male wool is 1 1 cm, and the wool yield is 10.9 kg. The length of adult female hair is 9.36 cm, and the wool yield is 5.75 kg. The fineness of wool is mainly 66, and the net wool rate is 50.9%.

Ordos fine wool sheep and mutton has the characteristics of rich fragrance, tender and juicy, no smell, fat but not greasy, delicious color, thick meat layer and good taste.

Ordos fine-wool sheep skin has the characteristics of good thickness, strong elasticity and good softness, and is the best raw material for leather products.

The hygiene and safety indicators of Ordos fine-wool sheep products meet the relevant national regulations of similar products, the slaughterhouse meets the requirements of GB/T 17237, and the slaughter inspection is carried out according to NY/T467.

Packaging identification and other relevant regulations.

The special mark of "geographical indication products" is used for the packaging mark of Ordos fine-wool sheep products. Wool marks include: product name, origin, color, grade, gross weight, net weight, color number and delivery unit. Signs of mutton include: product name, place of origin, production date, implementation standard, hygiene license number, shelf life and grade. Sheepskin is intensively processed by the local fur processing factory and made into a series of shearing products. The identification of shearing products includes: product name, origin, color, grade, production date, implementation standard and hygiene license number.